Anatomy of Inguinal Canal

1. INGUINAL
CANAL

2. INTRODUCTION

3. PECULIARITIES
• IN FEMALE
• IN NEWBORN

4. CONTENTS OF INGUINAL
CANAL

5. BOUNDARIES OF INGUINAL
CANAL
• ANTERIOR WALL
• POSTERIOR WALL
• ROOF
• FLOOR
• INLET
• OUTLET

6. ANTERIOR WALL

7. POSTERIOR WALL

8. ROOF

9. FLOOR
Lacunar
ligament
Inguinal
ligament

10. MNEMONICS
• MALT (2M, 2A, 2L, 2T)
• Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles:
– internal oblique Muscle
– transverse abdominus Muscle
• Anterior wall: 2 Aponeuroses:
– Aponeurosis of external oblique
– Aponeurosis of internal oblique
• Lower wall (floor): 2 Ligaments:
– inguinal Ligament·
– lacunar Ligament
• Posterior wall: 2Ts:
– Transversalis fascia
– conjoint Tendon

11. INLET& OULET OF THE CANAL

12. DEEP INGUINAL RING

13. SUPERFICIAL INGUINAL RING

14. DEFENSIVE MECHANISM OF
THE INGUINAL CANAL
• SHUTTER MECHANISM OR FLAP VALVE
• STRENGTHENING OF THE ANTERIOR AND
POSTERIOR WALLS
• DEMI- SPHINCTERS
• CREMASTERIC PLUG OR BALL VALVE
MECHANISM

15. DEFENSIVE MECHANISM OF INGUINAL CANAL

16. DEFENSIVE MECHANISM OF INGUINAL CANAL

17. DEFENSIVE MECHANISM OF INGUINAL CANAL

18. DEFENSIVE MECHANISM OF INGUINAL CANAL

19. DEVELOPMENT OF INGUINAL CANAL
• During the formation
of anterior
abdominal wall
muscles a peritoneal
fold – PROCESSUS
VAGINALIS is formed
due to the descent of
gubernaculum &
testes into the
scrotum during
embryonic life.

20. APPLIED ANATOMY
• INGUINAL HERNIA
TYPES OF INGUINAL HERNIA
- OBLIQUE INGUINAL HERNIA
- DIRECT HERNIA
- Lateral variety
- Medial variety by the Hesselbach
triangle

21. OBLIQUE INGUINAL HERNIA
TYPES ARE
- Vaginal
- Funicular
- Infantile
- Interstitial

22. Variants of the patent processus vaginalis

23. DIRECT HERNIAS &
INDIRECT HERNIA

24. DIRECT HERNIA
• THEY ARE TWO TYPES
- MEDIAL DIRECT HERNIA
- LATERAL DIRECT HERNIA

25. Moore, K.L., Dalley, A.F. Clinically Oriented Anatomy © Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins

26. HESSELBACHS
TRIANGLE