A short presentation has been prepared on the changing nature of work and how India will be preparing for the same by nurturing and moulding its workforce.

1. Changing nature of work and initiatives by
Government to support the workforce.
Prepared by DGM Digvijaysinh Jhala, SBI
Dt. 23/03/2021
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2. Introduction
• Over the centuries, technological, social & political transformations in the form of Industrial revolutions, demographic changes &
globalization have shaped economies and nature of work and employment across the nations.
• This changing nature of work and employment is intricately related with all spheres of life primarily with individuals income, living
standards and country's economic growth.
• Also, it has wide ranging impacts on societal issues such as inequalities, social mobility, mental health and social cohesion and is also
considered crucial for moving towards sustainable growth.
• In this context, we will try to understand the following through this artefact:
1. Factors that will disrupt the present nature of work and how ?
2. Impact of changes on future employment landscape and opportunities they might present.
3. Challenges India will face in tackling upcoming changes in the job market.
4. Steps India have already taken to keep up with the changing nature of job.
5. Way ahead in the constantly changing employment scenario.

3. Factors that will disrupt the present nature of work and how ?
Technological Shifts
• Exponential growth in new technologies such as AI, IoT and big data etc are reshaping quantity, nature, skills and the entire global value
chain.
Demographic change
• Labour demand & supply, consumption patterns and aspirations of workforce will be determined by demography.
Structural change in the labour market
• Rise of new patterns and forms of employment like gig workers, platform workers and own-account workers.
Reverse Globalization and Increased Protectionism
• Challenging export-led models and reorienting global supply chains.
Disruptions caused by COVID-19 pandemic
• Lockdowns, economic contraction, social distancing norms have impact on quality of jobs.
Climate change
• For instance, implementing Paris Climate Agenda is estimated to global job losses of around 6 million people.

4. Impact of changes on future employment landscape and opportunities they might
present.
1. Job losses and displacement in areas like primary sector and sectors driven by
automation. Has the potential to unleash clever robots to undertake repetitive manual
tasks.
2. Rapid changes in nature of work led to creation of skill gaps and skill mismatches.
3. Disruptive changes will further entrench labour market inequities among gender, caste,
class and religious lines due to prevalent digital divide.
4. Heightened polarization in employment and wages due to change in occupational
structure.
5. Adverse changes in employer-employee relationships due to emergence of new forms
of employment.

5. Opportunities caused due to disruption that can
transform the future work for better.
• Technological developments, digital platforms, economic
aspirations and innovative spirit of youth can catalyze creation of
new forms of entrepreneurship.
• Rise in green jobs related to low greenhouse gas economy.
• COVID-19 induced push to work from home can provide flexibility
in working hours, ability to work remotely and also enables self-
employment like autonomy and control.
• Work related stress reduced due to working in environments
which has the presence of near and dear ones.

6. Challenges India will face in tackling upcoming changes in the job market.
Poor industry academia linkage deters students from staying updated with the changes in nature
of work
Students lacking real world problem solving skills and hence aren’t job ready as per industry
experts.
Outdated curriculum and stagnant learning patterns have failed to keep up with changing
demands of labour market.
Skill ecosystem in India lacks futuristic outlook affecting future employability of workforce.
India’s regulatory framework are not regularly updated and tend to be unpredictable in nature.
Indian workers and businesses not able to keep up with technology due to low investment in
R&D.
Conservative approach of society creates reluctance towards new job roles that are evolving.
Predominance of informality in the Indian economy causes uncertainty in the minds of workers
leading to limited reach of social protection measures.

7. Steps India have already taken to keep up with the changing nature of job.
Effort to increase Industry-academia partnership through initiatives
like National Apprentice Promotion Scheme and National Initiative
for developing and harnessing innovations (NIDHI)
Efforts to prepare youth for
evolving nature of jobs through
New Education Policy, 2020
Addressing the issue of skill development through
initiatives like National Skill Development Mission,
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana and ASEEM Portal
Promoting innovation and
entrepreneurship for job creation through
Start-up India and Atal Innovation Mission.
Improving Social Protection
for all through measures like
Codes on Social Security.

8. Way ahead in the constantly changing employment scenario.
Constant
implementation,
monitoring and
updation of
governments policies
and programmes.
Attaining self-reliance
in the emerging
technologies and
products.
Focusing on labour
intensive sectors to
offset the limitations
of technological and
capital-intensive
sectors
Increasing budgetary
allocations and
incentivizing public
and private
investments in
research and
development.
Adopting a human-
centered approach to
future of work