2. Contents
1. agile for software development
2. agile adoption
3. How to be agile?
4. Scrum
5. User Stories
6. agile outside of software development
7. Experiencing agile
8. Agile Fluency
9. Business Agility
10. Next Steps
11. Wrap Up
2
3. Key Competency to be gained
Ability to apply
agile values, principles and practices
to help you achieve more
3
4. Competencies to be gained
By the end of this session, I am hopeful that you will be able to:
1. Describe agile, and how it differs from Scrum
2. Summarise the agile value proposition
3. Summarise the rules of Scrum
4. Describe what is a Scrumbut
5. Describe User Stories and what they are for
6. List several areas agile is used outside of software
7. List several agile practices that apply outside of software
8. Summarise Agile Fluency
9. Summarise company cultures relationship to Agile Fluency
10. Describe Business Agility
11. Summarise what is an Agile Enterprise
4
6. A brief history of agile 6
Waterfall
‘New New
Product
Development
Game’
published
Rate of
business
change
accelerates
90’s
Light weight
methodologies
arise
Scrum
agile
1970
80’s
1996
1986 1993 2001
XP
7. Agile value proposition 7
Risk Business Value
Adaptability Visibility
Time
Time
Time
Time
Traditional Development Agile Development
8. Presto Manifesto - exercise
1. Define project success.
2. Split into groups.
3. List critical elements for a successful project.
4. Everyone sign their manifesto.
5. Compare manifestos.
8
9. agile Manifesto value statement
Process and tools
Individuals and
interactions
over
Following a plan
Responding to
change
over
Comprehensive
documentation
Working software over
Contract negotiation
Customer
collaboration
over
Full Manifesto: http://agilemanifesto.org/
10. Principles behind the agile manifesto
1. Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer
through early and continuous delivery
of valuable software.
2. Welcome changing requirements, even late in
development. Agile processes harness change for
the customer's competitive advantage.
3. Deliver working software frequently, from a
couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a
preference to the shorter timescale.
4. Business people and developers must work
together daily throughout the project.
5. Build projects around motivated individuals.
Give them the environment and support they need,
and trust them to get the job done.
6. The most efficient and effective method of
conveying information to and within a development
team is face-to-face conversation.
10
11. Principles behind the agile manifesto
7. Working software is the primary measure of progress.
8. Agile processes promote sustainable development.
The sponsors, developers, and users should be able
to maintain a constant pace indefinitely.
9. Continuous attention to technical excellence
and good design enhances agility.
10. Simplicity--the art of maximizing the amount
of work not done--is essential.
11. The best architectures, requirements, and designs
emerge from self-organizing teams.
12. At regular intervals, the team reflects on how
to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts
its behaviour accordingly.
11
17. How long have they been using agile? 17
53%
21%
8%
19%
< 1
year
1-2
years
2-5
years
> 5
years
2-5 years was only 36% in 2012.
18. How % of their projects are agile? 18
14%
21%
27%
38%
0 -
25%
26-
50%
51-
75%
75-
100%
19. Benefits of agile 19
0 20 40 60 80 100
Manage distributed teams
Software maintainability
Engineering discipline
Simple development process
IT & business alignment
Time to market
Reduce risk
Software quality
Team morale
Project visibility
Productivity
Manage changing priorities
Better
Same
Worse
20. Top 5 reasons agile projects fail (%) 20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
A broader organisational or
communication problem
External pressure to follow traditional
waterfall processes
Lack of experience with agile methods
Company philosophy or culture at odds
with core agile values
None of our agile projects failed
22. You can’t ‘do’ agile
• It is a set of Values & Principles
• No clear path to success
• New practices and processes are needed
• Many people learn by doing
• Enter the agile methodologies
22
29. 29
Team
5..9 People
Cross Functional
Self Organising
Scrum has 13 rules
Product Owner
Stakeholder management
Backlog management
Return on Investment
Scrum Master
Impediment Remover
Servant Leader
Facilitator
Coach
Sprint
1..4 weeks
Sprint
Planning
Part 1 & 2
2h .. 1d
Sprint
Review
1h .. 4h
Sprint
Retrospective
1h .. 4h
Daily
Stand up
15m
Definition
of Done
Potentially
Shippable
Product
Increment
Product
Backlog
Sprint
Backlog
Whole Team
Sprint Goal
30. Scrum Roles and Responsibilities Game 30
Product
Owner
Team
Scrum
Master
http://www.journey-to-better.com/2014/01/scrum-roles-and-responsibilities-game.html
31. Scrumbuts
We play football but …
• It takes to long to score, so we use our hands to throw the ball.
• We have bad knees, so running is not allowed.
We do Scrum but ....
• Our team works on separate projects, so we have two PO’s.
• We don’t have testers, so we get the Test team to finish our work.
• Retrospectives are a waste, so we don’t do them.
• Management keeps their minds, so we update the Sprint Backlog to
reflect the new goal.
31
33. Agile Requirements
Agile needs an approach to requirements, that is:
• Lightweight
• Change friendly
• Collaborative
33
34. User Stories 34
As a [TYPE OF USER]
I want [GOAL]
So that [BUSINESS BENEFIT]
As a Bank Branch Manager
I want to be able to authorise loans to a
higher financial limit than Bank Tellers
So that I can minimise financial risk and
allow for high value loans at the same time
37. Common views of the IT Department 37
Slow
Unreliable Costly
Difficult
Unresponsive
Belligerent
Inhibitors
Painful
38. Pre-agile, those words were all applicable 38
Idea
Initiate &
Resource
Decide
what to
build
Build it TIeTst it Release Feedback
39. Agile has shifted the bottleneck 39
Initiate &
Resource
IT
Idea Decide, Build, Test & Release it Feedback
Product
Management
PMO
Product
Management
HR
Finance
40. Other issues
Programme Management Office
• Long term funding/approval of projects, fails to make use of the fast
feedback from IT
Product Management
• Fails to make use of the fast feedback from IT, hence making poor
decisions
Human Resources
• Performance management, rewards the wrong behaviours
• Are not used to the traits needed for agile team members
Finance
• Yearly budgeting does not match well with incremental spend
40
41. Expanding agile outside of IT 41
IT
PMO
Product
Management
HR
Finance
Executive
Sales
Marketing
Agile Thinking
42. Successfully used in
• Finance
• Human Resources
• Marketing
• Sales
• Executive teams
• Publishing school text books
• Infrastructure development
• Supply chain optimisation
• Political programs
• Volunteers at conferences and festivals
• Academic researchers
• Working with children (at school and at home)
• Wedding planning
42
43. Top agile techniques for business
Empowerment
• Visualise work
• Daily Standup
• Prioritise as a
Team
Regular Events
• Retrospectives
• Reviews
Roles
• Product Owner
• Coach
Other
• Time-boxing
• Pomodoro
• Visible
Outcomes
43
46. Aims
1. Experience agile
2. Create an A4, trifold brochure, for
‘Happy Kids Camp’
46
Examples
https://www.flickr.com/photos/pocheco/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/myfwcmedia/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/46523905@N00/
47. Roles
• You will all be Team Members in Scrum teams
• There will not be a Scrum Master
• I will be your Product Owner (Who likes to change their mind)
47
48. Process
1. Self organise into teams of 4-6 people [2m]
2. Familiarise ourselves with the backlog [10m]
3. Distribute tools and materials [3m]
4. Three Sprints [45m]
1. Plan 3m
2. Sprint 7m
3. Review 2m
4. Retrospective 3m
5. Debrief [15m]
48
49. Prioritised User Story Titles from the Backlog
1. Attention grabbing front page
2. Unique selling point
3. Major activities
4. Contact details to book
5. Company legal details
6. Requirements for attendance
7. Accommodation pricing options
8. Activities pricing options
9. Testimonials
10. Minor activities
11. Safety Guarantee
12. Example menu
13. Location details of camp
14. Drop off/pick up location & timings
15. Staff bios
16. Certifications and Accreditations
49
50. Each team should have
10 x blank A4 paper
1 x scissors
1 x ruler
1 x blob of tack
2 x pencil
1 x eraser
5 x colour pen
50
52. Debrief
• What did you observe?
• How did it feel to be in a Scrum team?
• What are your thoughts on the short sprints?
• How did the first sprint compare to the last sprint?
• How could a Scrum Master have helped?
• What did you learn?
52
55. Focus on Value
Follow
• Scrum, Kanban or similar
Do
• Plan by business value (i.e. User Stories)
Key Metric
• Regular business value reporting
Benefits
• Greater visibility into teams’ work
• Ability to redirect their efforts
55
56. Deliver Value
Follow
• Scrum, Kanban or similar
Do
• Agile Technical Practices (i.e. TDD, CI, DevOps, etc.)
Key Metric
• Ship as often as the market will accept it
Benefits
• Low defects
• High productivity
56
57. Optimise Value
Follow
• Lean Start up + (Scrum or Kanban)
• Business experts as full-time team members
Do
• Agile chartering
• Business Model Canvas
• Customer discovery
• Adaptive planning
Key Metric
• Concrete business metrics used in reporting (i.e. ROI, net profit per
employee, and customer satisfaction)
Benefits
• Higher value deliveries
• Better product decisions
57
58. Optimise for Systems
Follow
• The cutting edge, follow what works
Do
• Agile portfolio management
• Systems thinking
• Value stream analysis
• Whole system planning
• Intact teams
• Open book management
• Radical self-organization
Key Metric
• Team reports how its actions impact the overall organization
Benefits
• Alignment with organizational goals
• Synergistic effects
58
62. From wikipedia
In a business context,
agility is the ability of an organization
to rapidly adapt to market and environmental changes
in productive and cost-effective ways.
62
63. The agile enterprise is an extension of business agility,
referring to an organization that utilizes key principles of
complex adaptive systems and complexity science
to achieve success
https://www.flickr.com/photos/44534236@N00/
64. Agile Enterprise
Requires a conscious decision,
to make the entire company,
live, breath and be agile.
64
An entire company at: ‘Optimise for Systems’
65. Agile Enterprise 65
Continual Results
Project/Venture Results
Ideas,
Opportunities
Markets shrink,
grow, collapse
New competitors
New technologies
War, famine,
natural disasters
New Government
Elected
New policies,
legislation
67. How they do it 67
Continuous
learning from
experiments
Catalytic
leadership
Open
communication
Long term
business value
governance
Quest for
mastery
View system as a whole
(Utilise systemic approach)
71. Agile Enterprise 71
Continual Results
Project/Venture Results
Ideas,
Opportunities
Markets shrink,
grow, collapse
New competitors
New technologies
War, famine,
natural disasters
New Government
Elected
New policies,
legislation
73. Some suggested next steps
1. Discuss the agile values and principles with your team
2. Discuss agile practices with your team
• You can ask the Agile Coach for assistance (I am happy to help)
• Try some out (at least three times, or for three weeks)
• Then hold a retrospective regarding agile practices
3. Attend the Lean training
• To take your practices to the next level
73
78. Competencies
I am hopeful that you now can:
1. Describe agile, and how it differs from Scrum
2. Summarise the agile value proposition
3. Summarise the rules of Scrum
4. Describe what is a Scrumbut
5. Describe User Stories and what they are for
6. List several areas agile is used outside of software
7. List several agile practices that apply outside of software
8. Summarise Agile Fluency
9. Summarise company cultures relationship to Agile Fluency
10. Describe Business Agility
11. Summarise what is an Agile Enterprise
78
79. Time to share
1 - 3
Key Learning Points
One person at a time
Your answers don’t have to
be unique
79
https://www.flickr.com/photos/kellysue/
80. Some links to more information
2013 Version One 8th Annual State of Agile Survey
2013 State of Scrum survey
List of IT Surveys
Scrum Guide
User Stories
The three keys to splitting user stories
Card Conversation Confirmation
Agile Marketing guide
Agile Marketing on Pinterest
Agile Chartering
Customer Discovery
Business Model Canvas and Customer Discovery
Agile Enterprises white paper
80
Dr Winston Royce, Managing the Development of Large Software Systems, 1970. “I believe in this concept, but the implementation described above is risky and invites failure”
Takeuchi and Nonaka - Harvard Business Review January-February 1986 - Product development (NOT SOFTWARE)
We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
75% of respondents where from companies of size 100 to 1000 people.
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
19% of respondents DO NOT work in the IT department
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Source: Version One – 8th Annual State of Agile Survey, conducted in Aug/Oct 2013
Totalled 3501 responses.
Programme Management Office
Slow decision making (Funding / approving / cancelling projects)
Product Management
Slow decision making (Deciding what to build)
Finance
Slow purchasing process (i.e. tools, hardware, licences)
Human Resources
Slow hiring process
causes delays that would otherwise have been acceptable
use Scrum for entire company
OpenView Venture Partners
use agile for most of company
Suncorp
Specific usage
iSense, a Netherlands based consultancy - Scrum for Sales
http://www.explorics.com/ - Scrum for marketing
Visualise work (on a task board)
Product Owner role (responsible for priorities)
Coach role (helping team reflect and improve)
Visible outcomes - iterating over visible product
Pomodoro (pomodorotechnique.com/)
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sequester/ - task board
https://www.flickr.com/photos/karthikc/ - top down stand up
https://www.flickr.com/photos/acarlos1000/ - stand up, see people and board
https://www.flickr.com/photos/visualpunch/ - PO
https://www.flickr.com/photos/aroberts/ - pomodoro
https://www.flickr.com/photos/bisgovuk/ - government dudes
https://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/ - retrospective
Answers the tough question of ‘how agile is my team?’
Business Experts: include product developers, product managers, business analysts, as well as staff from marketing, sales, and sometimes quality assurance.
Usually operate in cross functional teams, focused on ventures.
Organizing: ongoing activity, sets structure and communication methods
Organizing is an ongoing activity to develop structures and communication methods that promote serial execution. It often includes defining a shared vision, as well as systems and platforms, that ground the enterprise.
Mobilizing: managing resources, moving people between projects/ventures, improving interactions.
Mobilizing involves managing resources, ensuring the fluid movement of people between projects, and finding ways to enhance internal and external interactions. Typically, enterprise values, personal accountability, and motivational and reward systems are a key output of this process.
Strategizing involves: exploration, exploitation, adaption and eventually exiting.
Strategizing is an experimental process for the agile enterprise, in which individuals repeatedly generate ideas (exploration), identify ways to capitalize on ideas (exploitation), nimbly respond to environmental feedback (adaptation), and move on to the next idea (exit).
Usually operate in cross functional teams, focused on ventures.
Organizing: ongoing activity, sets structure and communication methods
Organizing is an ongoing activity to develop structures and communication methods that promote serial execution. It often includes defining a shared vision, as well as systems and platforms, that ground the enterprise.
Mobilizing: managing resources, moving people between projects/ventures, improving interactions.
Mobilizing involves managing resources, ensuring the fluid movement of people between projects, and finding ways to enhance internal and external interactions. Typically, enterprise values, personal accountability, and motivational and reward systems are a key output of this process.
Strategizing involves: exploration, exploitation, adaption and eventually exiting.
Strategizing is an experimental process for the agile enterprise, in which individuals repeatedly generate ideas (exploration), identify ways to capitalize on ideas (exploitation), nimbly respond to environmental feedback (adaptation), and move on to the next idea (exit).
View the system as a whole
Employees take responsibility for what they do in the context of the organisation as a whole. They are aware they are in a Complex Adaptive System.
Catalytic Leadership
Focus on building the context and organsiation needed for a system to emerge.
Avoid heroic actions to fix the situation
Continuous learning from experiments
Fail fast, fail regularly
Regularly gather knowledge and turn it into competitive advantage
Open communication
Unstructured, mutli-directional, open communication
i.e. Open space events, micro blogging, kitchen corners, etc
Long term business value governance
Governance is performed by tracking long term business metrics, and feedback from those metrics, leading to action
Individuals and teams have access to this information.
Quest for mastery
Everyone is a craftsman, continually improving their skills
They have humble pride in their work
Vision
The shared company vision
Reward System
Open explanation of how everyone is paid and the bonuses they receive. Usually tied into the long term governance metrics.
Operating Platform
Tools that enable everyone to work, HR, Information Systems, Phones, etc.