2. ‘TO END THE SILENCE’

3. Sexuality & sexual health as a legitimate
area of nursing activity recognizing an
individual’s sexuality as an essential
aspect of holistic care

4.  Sex ; sex refers to the biological &
physiological characteristics that define
men & women.
 Gender ; Gender refers to the socially
constructed roles, behaviours, activities
& attributes that a given society
considers appropriate for men & women

5. Example of sex characteristics
-women menstruate while men do not
-men have testicles while women do not
-women developed breasts that are
capable of lactating while men have
not
-men generally have more massive bones
than women

6. Examples of gender characteristics
-most of the countries women earn
significant less money than men of similar
work
-in most of the countries women do more
house work than men

7.  Sexuality ; sexuality is more than genital
physical activity. Sexuality encompasses
our whole being. It includes our sense of
femaleness and maleness. Sxuality
includes biological, sociological,
psychological, spiritual, and cultural
dimensions of each person’s being. In
addition, sexuality influenced by values,
attitudes, behaviours, relationships with
others and the need to establish
emotional closeness with others.

8. Sexual Rights (World Association of
Sexology)
1.The right to sexual freedom.
2.The right to sexual autonomy, sexual
integrity,& safety of the sexual body.
3.The right to sexual privacy
4.The right to sexual equity
5.The right to sexual pleasure
6.The right to emotional sexual expression
7.The right to sexually associate freely

9. 8.The right to make free & responsible
reproductive choices
9.The right to sexual information based
upon scientific enquiry
10.The right to comprehensive sexuality
education
11.The right to sexual health care

10.  Sexual health ; sexual health as the state
of physical, emotional, mental,& social
well being related to sexuality, it is not
merely the absence of disease,
dysfunction & infirmity. Sexual health
requires a positive, respectful approach
to the sexuality & sexual relationships, as
well as the possibility of having
pleasurable & safe sexual experiences,
free of coerction, discrimination &
violence.

11. A sexually healthy adult would;
 Appreciate one’s own body
 Seek further information about
reproduction as needed
 Affirm that human development includes
sexual development that may or may
not include reproduction or genital
sexual experiences

12.  Interact with both genders in respectful &
appropriate ways
 Affirm one’s own sexual orientation &
respect the sexual orientation of others
 Express love & intimacy in appropriate ways
 Develop & maintain meaningful
relationships
 Avoid exploitative or manipulative
relationships
 Make informed choices about family
options & lifestyles
 Exhibit skills that enchance personal
relationships

13.  Identify & live according to one’s values
 Take responsibility for one’s own
behavior
 Practice effective decision-making
 Communicate effectively with family,
peers, & partners
 Enjoy & express one’s sexuality
throughout life
 Express one’s sexuality while respecting
the rights of others

14.  Gender identity; gender identity defines
the degree to which each person
identifies as male, female, or some
combination.
 Sexual orientation ; sexual orientation is
the organization of an individual’s
eroticism &/or emotional attachment
with reference to the sex & gender of the
partner involved in sexual activity
 Sexual identity ; sexual identity is the
overall sexual self identity which includes
how the individual identifies as male,
female, masculine, feminine, or some
combination & the individual’s sexual

15.  Eroticism ; Eroticism is the human
capacity to experience subjective
responses that elicit physical
phenomena perceived as sexual desire,
sexual arousal & orgasm & usually
identified with sexual pleasure
 Emotional attachment ; emotional
attachment is the human capacity to
establish bonds with other human beings
that are built & maintained through
emotions

16.  Sexual activity ; Sexual activity is a
behavioral expression of one’s sexuality
where the erotic component of sexuality
is most evident
 Sexual Practice ; Sexual practice is
pattern of sexual activity that is exhibited
by an individual or a community with
enough consistency to be expected as
a behavior.
 Safer sex ; safer sex is a term used to
specify sexual practices & sexual
behaviors that reduce the risk of
contacting and STD, especially HIV

17.  Responsible sexual behavior
Responsible sexual behaviors is
expressed at individual, interpersonal &
community levels. It is characterized by
autonomy, mutuality, honesty,
respectfulness, consent, protection,
pursuit of pleasure & wellness.

18.  At birth ; gender assigned. It is common
for 18 month old to play with genitalis
 3years ; gender identification. Kids
explore and fondle
 4-5years ; Normal to masturbate
 School age ; gender role behavior is
learned
 6-12years ; identification with gender
parent, both parents & kids have
concerns & questions about sexuality &
reproduction

19.  Adolescence ; -primary & secondary
sexual characteristic develop.
Information on body changes, odor,STD
-Masturbation is normal & heavy
 Young adulthood (20-40yrs) ; sexually
active. Information on prevention of STD
& good communication

20.  Adulthood 40-65yrs ; Less hormone
production, adjust to new roles, & re-
evaluate & direct energies. look at
aspects of life
 Late adulthood 65+ ; sexually active,
counsel on adaptation

22. Acc to the APA sexual orientation refers to
a person’s sense of personal & social
identity based on those attractions,
behaviors expressing them, &
membership in a community of others
who share them

23.  Heterosexual
 Homosexual
 Bisexual

24. There are numerous contraceptive options
available to sexually active couple
today
1.Barrier methods
2.Hormonal methods
3.Intrauterine methods
4.Behavioural methods
5.Sterilization

25. The prevalence of STDs is a major heath concern
b’cos treatment is costly & the incidence is
high in minority population of low socio
economic status
1. Syphillis
2. Gonorrhea
3. Clamydia
4. Trichomoniasis
5. Infection with the humanpapiloma virus &
herpes simplex virus type 2

26.  Culture
 Personal ethics
 Health status
 Problem that interferes with sexuality

27.  Culture
dress, rule of marriage, role of
behavior, religious values & guidelines
 Personal ethics
unwritten code of conduct based
upon ethical principles

28.  Health status
- Pregnancy
- Menstruation
 Problems that interfere with sexuality
- medication side effects (
increase/decrease motivation)
- MI (anxiety, fear, depression, low libido)
-STD (fear of transmission)
-Chronic pain (decreases sex motivation)

29.  Joint diseases (pain, stiffness)
 Surgery (masectomy, prostatectomy)
 Sexual dysfunctions

30. 1.Seual desire disorders
 Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
 Sexual aversion disorder
2.Sexual arousal disorders
 Female sexual arousal disorder

31. 3.Male erectile disorder
4.Orgasmic disorders
 Female orgasmic disorder
 Male orgasmic disorder
 Premature ejaculation
5.Sexual pain disorders
 Dyspareunia
 vaginismus