26. Image A
Image B
Interferogram =
Phase A - Phase B
Remove phase from
topography
satellite posi=ons
earth curvature
Amplitude
Amplitude
Phase
Phase
27. Challenge the future
27/10/15
Each color cycle is 28 mm
displacement towards
satellite
(0) 0 mm range change
(-1) 28 mm range decrease
(-2) 57 mm range decrease
(-10) 283 mm range decrease
(-20) 567 mm range decrease
17 August 1999, Izmit
earthquake (Turkey)
Interferogram
30. 1st acquisi9on 2nd acquisi9on
?
Error sources
Decorrela/on
Shows up as ‘noise’
31. 1st acquisi9on 2nd acquisi9on
?
Error sources
Atmospheric variability
Uncorrelated in /me, can
be ‘averaged out’
32. Challenge the future
• Same area imaged each /me
• Every 11 / 12 / 24 / 35 days (depending
on satellite)
• Only pixels which are coherent (low
noise) in all images are selected
• Atmosphere may be filtered out from a
stack of > 20 images
• Geode/c network adjustment
Using a large stack of SAR images
33. Challenge the future
When would you use InSAR?
• Over land? Water?
• Urban areas? Rural agricultural land?
• Dry rocky areas? Vegetated areas?
• Snow? Arc/c areas?
• Millimetre or cen/metre level deforma/on between images?
Or metre level?
• Would 2 SAR images over a desert be enough? What about
over Amsterdam? How does this relate to the /me-gap
between images?
Quiz
41. 3 x 3 m resolu/on | red/yellow = subsidence, green = stable
City-wide maps
RoWerdam, 4.5 million points
42. The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then
open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and
then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and
then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
Post-processing
43. Pipeline risk assessment
to selec/on and smart
projec/on on the pipeline
network…
From spa/ally distributed
measurements…
to data presenta/on at
the address level.
47. Interac=ve exercise
• Go to <link to demo>
• Choose your dataset:
– Schiedam (‘ascending’ and ‘descending’ layers)
– Delo (‘high’ and ‘low’ layers)
• Click around!
In about 15 minutes, you should be able to answer some
ques/ons.
PS. The most ‘interes/ng’ observa/on about the data gets a prize!
48. Ques=ons
1. How many SAR images were used in each case?
2. How ooen did the satellite pass over Delo/Schiedam?
3. Each ‘colored dot’ represents how much area?
4. In this example /me-series, give some
reasons of devia/on from the model.
Delo:
5. Are there major differences between high and low points? Why?
Schiedam:
6. Why would one need two satellite orbits? Isn’t one enough?