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DEEP LEARNING JP
[DL Papers]
http://deeplearning.jp/
“Mogrifier LSTM (ICLR2020)”
Naoki Nonaka
2
目次
•
•
•
•
•
3
書誌情報
• M /
• c M , :B 0 L :B K . : D B
,: : B:CG O
• bM CC B :C D : 2
a Rd PT U O
4
背景
Recurrent netの汎化能力の向上に取り組んだ研究
https://colah.github.io/posts/2015-08-Understanding-LSTMs/ (一部改変)
(通常の)LSTM
MogrifierMogrifier Mogrifier
提案手法: Mogrifier LSTM
5
提案手法: Mogrifier LSTM
p一つ前の隠れ状態hprevと入力xに対して交互にゲートを適用
pr回繰り返した後,LSTMに入力する:
pxおよびhprevは以下の更新式にしたがって交互に更新
(iが奇数のとき)
(iが偶数のとき)
6
実験: 2
p O:
: S =
p
: =
単純に規模を拡大するだけでは汎化に関しての問題を解決できない
小さなデータセットでの性能を評価
(大きいデータセットでも実験は行う)
7
実験
pWord level language modelling
n Penn Tree Bank (PTB)
n Wikitext-2
pCharacter level language modelling
n Enwiki-8 (Hutter Prize dataset)
n Multilingual Wikipedia Corpus (MWC)
Ø 英語
Ø フィンランド語
8
実験
pWord level language modelling
n Penn Tree Bank (PTB)
Ø 約1,000,000件のデータ
Ø 10,000語彙
n Wikitext-2
Ø PTBの約2倍
Ø 語彙もPTBより多い
ともに「小さい」データセット
9
実験
pWord level language modelling
p提案手法は,SOTA(AWD-LSTM / FRANGE)を上回るperplexity
10
実験
pCharacter level language modelling
n Enwiki-8 (Hutter Prize dataset)
n 90,000,000文字で学習,10,000,000文字で評価
n Multilingual Wikipedia Corpus (MWC)
n (詳細の記述はないが)Large settingの例
11
実験
p 先行研究のLSTMを(LSTMで)大きく上回る
p mLSTMとAWD-LSTMを上回る
p Transformerとの比較:Dynamic evaluationでは同等
12
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
13
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
r = 4でPerplexityが最も低くなる(PTBデータセットにおける結果)
14
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
ゲートをZig-zag構造にすることでPerplexityが向上
15
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
低ランク近似によりPerplexityがわずかに改善
Q = Qleft Qright
R = Rleft Rright
提案手法では低ランク近似
16
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
mLSTMはLSTMと同程度
mLSTM: LSTM入力前にxとhを掛け合わせる(提案手法と類似)
17
分析
p rによる精度の変化を分析
p ゲート構造をzig-zagする効果
p 低ランク近似を行う影響
p mLSTMとの比較
p Reverse copy task
系列長が長くなってもCross entropyが低い
-> 入力のembeddingの表現力がMogrifierにより増す
18
分析
p M
n TR QE h i
n e n E L
n , L E h i
n v m Egd h i
n xE Lh
n xr Eh
n h
n TR Q L b S h i
19
まとめ
p T e A
A
p O A
S
p A h

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[DL輪読会]MogrifierLSTM (ICLR2020)