Canada and the World

1. Chapter 11.4

2. 
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Crisis began on October 22nd, 1962
Pres. Kennedy learned that the Soviet Union was
building missile sites in Cuba
Kennedy demanded that the Soviet ships turn
around
The Soviets refused to turn around
The world thought that nuclear war was imminent
Kennedy asked Diefenbaker to put the Canadian
military on high alert
Diefenbaker thought that this would only heighten
the tensions with the Soviet Union

4. 
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights (John
Humphrey, a McGill University professor was
one of the main authors of the Declaration)
General Assembly
 the main deliberative body of the UN – all 192
nation-states have representatives in this body
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The Security Council
 mandated to maintain peace and security
 5 permanent members – USA, Rusia, Britain,
France, China
▪ each have veto power over Security Council decisions

6. 
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John Humphrey, a McGill University professor
was one of the main authors of the
Declaration
Heritage Minute on the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights
States that all people of the world ought to
have basic civil, economic, social and political
rights

7. 
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Since the Statue of Westminster in 1931, the
Commonwealth (a group of independent
nations) had replaced the Empire
In the 1950s and 60s many former colonies
became independent and joined the
Commonwealth
 e.g. India became independent from Britain in
1947 under the leadership of Ghandi and then
joined the Commonwealth
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The Commonwealth Games

8. 
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Canada was becoming very close
economically with the U.S.
Canada was militarily close with the U.S.
(NORAD, NATO, etc.)
Canada fought along side the U.S. in the
1950’s Korean War (p278) but was not close
with the U.S. on the issue of the Vietnam War
(1960’s-70’s)

9. 
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On June 25th, 1950 communist N. Korea
invaded and defeated non-communist S.
Korea
The UN Security Council agreed to send UN
forces to push the N. Koreans out of S. Korea
Canada participated in the war, alongw ith
the U.S. and other Western nations, by
contributing 27,000 military personnel
An armistice was reached on July 27th, 1953

11. 
Canada did not support the Vietnam War
(U.S. and South Vietnamese against the
North Vietnamese
 PM Pearson criticized the American war
 we allowed “draft dodgers” to immigrate to
Canada
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Much like the Korean War, the North
Vietnamese (Viet Cong) were Communist and
were supported by China and Russia
 The U.S. wanted to support the people and
politics in South Vietnam

13. 
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Over 58,000 American soldiers have their
names on the Vietnam War memorial in
Washington D.C.
The North Vietnamese army won the war
 Americans were forced to flee Saigon (capital of
the South, now known as Ho Chi Minh City)
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Many Canadians (over 30,000) fought
voluntarily in the Vietnam war (not with the
Canadian government)