"Applied capability graphs: measuring large-scale technological changes using big data and network science" Pedro Parraguez is Co-founder at Dataverz and Postdoctoral Researcher at the Technical University of Denmark

1. Applied Capability Graphs:
Measuring large-scale technological changes
using big data and network science
Pedro Parraguez - September 2018 www.parraguezr.net
Data Natives Copenhagen

2. About me
Pedro Parraguez - September 2018 dataverz.net
Co-founder
Postdoctoral Researcher
Engineering Systems Division

3. About me
Data Projects
www.parraguezr.net

4. APPLIED CAPABILITY GRAPHS
à WHY: Motivation
à WHAT:
- Technological capabilities?
- Measuring change
à HOW: Data infrastructure and wrap-up

5. WHY: Motivation

6. From chaos to order (counting)
PICTURES: Wehrli, U., Born, G., & Spehr, D. (2013). The art of clean up: Life made neat and tidy. San Francisco: Chronicle Books.

7. From Counting to Connecting
PICTURES: Wehrli, U., Born, G., & Spehr, D. (2013). The art of clean up: Life made neat and tidy. San Francisco: Chronicle Books.

8. “A spreadsheet way of knowledge” A connected way of knowledge
à where relations matter
From Counting to Connecting

9. Credits: David Somerville @smrvl
From Counting to Connecting

10. http://fabianoefner.com/
Systems Are More than the Sum of their Parts

11. Opportunity Drivers
Cross cutting trends: Increasing expectations, lowering costs, openness
Data
Small à Big and linked
Traditional
Sources
New
Sources
Analytics
Hard à Easy
Smart
Algorithms
Visual
Analytics

12. WHAT: How to model technological
capabilities?
Practical case: Worldwide bioenergy R&D
Results from research within the Engineering Systems Group at
DTU Management Engineering. Funded by EU’s Climate-KIC

13. https://www.rxbar.com/media/wysiwyg/homepage/Ingredients.jpg

14. Teng, C.-Y., Lin, Y.-R., & Adamic, L. A. (2011). Recipe recommendation using ingredient networks. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380718.2380757

15. Ahn, Y.-Y., Ahnert, S. E., Bagrow, J. P., & Barabási, A.-L. (2011). Flavor network and the principles of food pairing. Scientific Reports, 1(196). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00196

16. A very Danish example:
Bacon + Beer = ?
+ =
?

17. Inspiration
Porcine insulin
Critical technical expertise
in production and
fermentation
The making of a $140 billion giant
http://www.cnbc.com/id/100426415

18. Thousands of
organisations
58,000 +
scientific
publications
6,000 +
patents
1.000 +
projects in
EU CORDIS
BIOFUELS…

19. Source: MASH Biotech
www.mash-biotech.com
Problem Modelling – Bioenergy/biofuels case
INPUTS
METHODS AND
TECHNOLOGIES
OUTPUTS

20. Current approaches are unable to map technological capabilities and model change
http://www.etipbioenergy.eu/value-
chains/conversion-technologies/advanced-technologies
Data-driven (counting) Qualitative

21. LOCATED_IN
Analytical Method – Network
Technology
Related
Digital Trace
Owner(s)
Resource(s) and
output(s)
Date Place(s)
DATED_BY
OWNED_BY
CONTAINS
e.g. Year = "2016"
e.g. Organisation =
"Novozymes"
e.g. Country =
Denmark
e.g. Terms = input: "algae"; process:
"hydrolysis"; output: "biofuel"
e.g. patent
"WO2006114095"
When
Who
Where
What
Allows
inferring
“How”
(capability)
THESE SOURCES REPRESENT
DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGICAL
MATURITIES (rough proxy)

22. "Technology Asset Record":
Patent, Publication, Project....
Title: __________________
Date: ______
Location(s): ______
Owner(s): ______
Abstract: ___________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
List of terms associated with capabilities
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
input process output
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
What and why
who
where
when
Analytical Method – Text Mining and NLP

23. MATCH (a1:Asset)-[:LOCATED_IN]->(country:Country {name:"Denmark"})MATCH (a1:Asset)-[:DATED_BY]-
>(year:Year)MATCH (a1:Asset)-[:OWNED_BY]->(Owner:Owner)MATCH p=(proc:ProcessingTech)<-[:CONTAINS]-
(a1:Asset)-[:CONTAINS]->(out:Output)WITH proc.term AS Processing_Technology, out.term AS Output, p, a1.title
AS title, year, Owner//WHERE out.term = "butanol"//RETURN distinct Processing_Technology, count(p) AS Count,
Output//RETURN distinct Processing_Technology, Output, count(p) AS Count, collect(distinct(title))RETURN
*//ORDER BY Count DESCLIMIT 100
Analytical Method – Network

24. Engineering Systems Division – DTU
Management Engineering – www.es.man.dtu.dk
e.g. AMICa-Pathfinder
visual data-driven exploration of
capabilities in the form of an
alluvial/Sankey diagram
connecting inputs, process and
outputs
www.amica-pathfinder.net

25. WHAT: How to measure changes in
technologies and capabilities?
Practical case: Worldwide bioenergy R&D
Results from research within the Engineering Systems
Group at DTU Management Engineering
funded by EU’s H2020 project EURITO

26. And
How to measure
technological change?

28. Time

29. Problem: Thousand of trends. How to keep track of overall structural changes?

30. 1978-2017
Year-to-year
correlation
summary

31. Zoom in
1991 – 2017
Looking into
biofuel generations

32. Zoom in
1991 – 2017
Looking into
biofuel generations

33. HOW: Data infrastructure and wrap-up

34. Data Infrastructure - Example
GRAPH
DATABASE
VISUALISATION
DATA
INPUTS
DATA PRE-
PROCESSING ANALYTICS
WORKFLOW
Online
Dashboard
PROJECT
DOCUMENTATION
CLOUD SERVER

35. GRAPH DATABASEDATA
INPUTS
• Patents
• Publications
• EU Funded projects
• Websites
• …
Back-end to store and maintain the
capability graph
DATA EXPLORATION DASHBOARDS

36. Data Sources and Models
Open data sources Connected data model

37. Contact:
Pedro Parraguez
www.parraguezr.net
pedro@parraguezr.net
+45 2462 0757
@parraguezr
Data Natives Copenhagen