This document provides an overview of joints in the human body. It begins by classifying joints into four main categories: functional, regional, based on the number of articulating bones, and structural. The structural classification includes four types of joints - bony, fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Synovial joints are then described in more detail based on the shape of the articular surfaces and type of movement allowed. Examples are provided for each type of joint. The document concludes with descriptions of the structure, blood supply, nerve supply, and clinical relevance of synovial joints.
3. Objectives
By the end of this lecture student will be able to
classify different joints of the body.
Be
Student will be able to differentiate various
types of joints in the body
Be
Student will be able to recognize a single joint
which can be placed under different
classifications
Be
students will get idea of different
terminologies used for joints
Get
4. Definition….
•The site of junction or
union between 2 or more
bones
•Responsible for
movement and
stability
9. C:- No Of Articulating Bones
1. Simple joint:
2 bones articulate e.g
interphalangeal joints
2. Compound joint:
more than 2 bones within 1
capsule e.g elbow joint,
wrist joint
3. Complex joint:
joint cavity divided by an
intra articular disc e.g TMJ
10. D:- Structural classification
(tissue binding the bones and presence or
absence of joint cavity)
1) Bony joints
2) Fibrous joints
3) Cartilaginous joints
4) Synovial joints
11. 1.Bony joints (type of str. classification)
• Gap between 2 bones ossifies
• Examples:-
• Frontal bones in infants
• Mandibular bones in infants
• Epiphyseal lines
• Can occur in fibrous or
cartilaginous joints
12. 2.Fibrous joints (type of str.
classification)
Bones connected by fibrous tissue
No joint cavity
Immovable or slight degree of movement
Types
• Sutures
• Syndesmosis
• Gomphosis
13. SUTURES
Bind skull bones together
Are named according to bony
margins
1) serrate- interlocking lines
e.g coronal, sagittal,
lambdoid
2) Lap - overlapping beveled
edges
e.g temporoparietal suture
3) Plane- straight,
nonoverlapping edges(e.g
internasal suture)
14. Syndesmosis
Bones united by interosseous
ligament
Most movable of fibrous joint
Examples
• Mid radioulnar joint
• Midtibiofibular joint
• Inferior tibiofibular joint
15. Gomphosis
Peg and socket joint
Peg shaped root of tooth fits
into the bony socket either in
maxilla or mandible
The fibrous tissue intervening is
periodontal ligament
Tooth in its socket is only
example of gomphosis
Slight movement during
chewing
16. 3.Cartilaginous joints (type of str.
Classification)
Bones are joined by cartilage
No joint cavity
Slightly movable
Types
• primary - synchondrosis
• secondary - symphyses
23. Pivot/Trochoid joints
• A central bony pivot surrounded by an osteocartilaginous ring
• Movements in 1 plane-vertical axis
• Examples
• Atlantoaxial joint
• Radioulnar joints(sup and inferior)
Uniaxial joint
26. Saddle(sellar) joints
• Articular surfaces-reciprocally
concavoconvex
• Movements similar to
ellipsoid
• With addition of some
rotation
• Examples
• First carpometacarpal joint
Multiaxial joint
27. Ball and socket(spheroidal) joints
• A globular head fitting into cup
shaped socket
• Multiaxial,permits movement in
several axes
• Examples
• Hip joint
• Shoulder joint
Multiaxial joint
