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1. 1
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Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Interconnectedness of Geography,
Culture,
and Religion
INTRODUCTION TOWORLD RELIGIONSAND BELIEF SYSTEMS

2. INTRODUCTION TOWORLD RELIGIONSANDBELIEF SYSTEMS
2
Development Teamof the Module
Writers: Maura Miranda – Daraga National High School
Content Editor: Juan A. Magdaong II – Daraga National High School
Language Editor: Rosemarie P. Esporlas – Bascaran High School
Layout Editor: Mark Joed Q. Matias – Oas Polytechnic School
Antonio L. Morada
Project In-Charge:Judith P. Restubog – EPS (EsP), SDO Albay
Quality Assurance Team:
Dr. Sancita Peñarubia
Edison L. Mallapre
Judith P. Restubog
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
EPS, LRMDS
EPS, Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems – SHS
Interconnectedness of Geography, Culture, and Religion - 1st Semester Module
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3. INTRODUCTION TOWORLD RELIGIONSANDBELIEF SYSTEMS
3
In this module, you are going to:
1. Analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture, and religion.
Be ready to learn and accomplish the tasks ahead. I know that you are
excited to learn new things. Let’s start!
l. INTRODUCTION
Hello there! Have you ever been to a mountainous place? What do you notice
about the topography? Do you feel the variations of climate in every specific
location? How do you think these climates affect the way people speak their
language; create their own clothing fashion, traditions, and economic activities? How
do people live in the lowland; what about those who are in the upland? Or near the
riverbank, or those who are living along the shores? Do you think there would be a
proverbial difference in terms of their understanding about life, about their
surroundings, and about the existence of one Supreme Being?
Geography is the basis of understanding history. History is about the origin of
life; how every group of people live and develop their unique way of life. Culture
simply means, any way of life as shown by many attributes that you will find basically
from this module which will lead you to better understanding why you believe in
something greater than the universe. This belief defines the religion that manifests
through your character.
You see, you’re already given the hint how all things are interconnected. All
you need is to discover the details for yourself for it will be fun, exciting, and very
much enriching.
Read now and do your task of creating your own way of life.
ll. OBJECTIVES:

4. Let us find the meaning of words that you will encounter in the succeeding texts.
Word Definition
Adonai - ancient Hebrew God
Allah - the one God of Islam
Belief System - stories or ideas that define our personal sense of
reality, and through which we make sense of the world.
Buddhism
- a path of practice and spiritual development that started
in India. It strives for a deep insight leading to the nature of reality.
Christianity - a monotheistic faith based on the life, works, and
teachings of Jesus Christ.
Confucianism
- both an ancient religion and philosophy of China; it originated as a
philosophical system founded on the
teachings of Confucius.
Confucius - a Chinese philosopher whose teachings are the basis
of Confucianism.
Culture
- a system of vital ideas that contains, energizes, and directs virtually
every aspect of social life and a person’s relationship with the world, and
the matrix from which values, attitudes, motivations, and skills emerge.
Cultural milieu
- the term comes from the French word milieu, meaning “middle”. Refers
to the setting and environment in which a person lives, including social
and cultural aspect of life.
Dharma - Buddha’s teaching and the inner realizations that are attained in
dependence upon practicing them.
Elohim - ancient Hebrew God
Hinduism
- a religion considered a product of spiritual, religious, and social
practices of the people from a large portion of South Asia, including the
countries of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.
Islam - a major monotheistic religion which originated in the Arabian Peninsula
in the 7th century CE.
Mahayana
Buddhism
- a branch of Buddhism which is widely practiced in Vietnam, Japan,
South Korea, and China: known as a “Greater Vehicle”, it has given rise
to various offshoots of Buddhism in other countries.
Zoroastrianism
- a Persian religion founded in the sixth century B.C. by the prophet
Zoroaster, characterized by worship of a supreme god, Ahura Mazda who
requires good deeds for help in his cosmic struggle against the evil spirit
Ahriman.
IV. VOCABULARY LIST

5. lV. PRE-TEST
Kaaba in Mecca
Totem Poles in British Colombia
Golden Temple in India
A River in India
Stonehenge Circle in the South of England
A Wall in Jerusalem
TEMPLE FUN!
Direction: The pictures in this test tells about religion. Let’s see if you could identify them by choosing
the answers inside the box, then write it in your journal notebook.
https://www.travel... https://www.ancientfacts... https://www.learnreligions.
1. _____________________________ 2. _____________________________ 3. _____________________________
https://indianexpress... https://in.pinterest...
4. _____________________________ 5. _____________________________
1. How do you find the activity?
.
2. What are your realizations after reading these evidences?
.
3. What does each picture show?
.

6. A
B
LET’S DO THIS!
Activity 1: PICTURE ANALYSIS
Write a brief answer to the following questions below. You may refer to the internet or
any reference material in World History.
Source: (A) https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/339247784405497609/
(B) https://www.google.com/maps
1.
.
2. What makes the place significant?
.
Source: (A) https://pushpendragautam.in/golden-temple-amritsar-punjab-india-travel-pics.html
(B) https://www.ancientfacts.net/black-stone-kaaba-origins/
(C) https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/230105862183924758/
(D) https://in.pinterest.com/pin/791437334491960070/
3.
.
V. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
B
A
C D

7. ANSWER ME
How do you find the activity?
.
What are your realizations after reading these evidences?
.
What does each picture show?
.
7
A
B
4. What is Hajji? How important it is to the Muslim people?
_____________________________________________________________.
Source: (A)https://www.travel-british-columbia.com/blog/where-to-see-totem-poles-in-british-columbia/
(B) https://www.learnreligions.com/what-are-stone-circles-2562648
5.
.
INTRODUCTION TOWORLD RELIGIONSAND BELIEF SYSTEMS

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Deepening
How are you today? Are you ready for the next trekking activity? But before we start, can you
share your meaningful discovery on the initial activities you have gone through? Write it in your
journal.
Today, you are going to read the following learning points. As you go over it, you may take
down notes or write questions that you want to be clarified about.
Does Geography influence religion? All religion and culture are based on Geography.
Examples:
1. Cremation of corpse is done where wood is abundant. But in deserts where wood is not present,
the corpse is buried.
2. When you complete your fasting, if you are in deserts, you will get only dates and so desert
people complete their fasting with dates whereas in regions like India where milk of fruit juice is
used to complete fasting.
3. In hot countries people wear light clothes or with bare chest as part of their culture and in cold
countries people even wear shoes and slippers into their place of worship due to the impact of cold.
4. In India water plays a main role in rituals as we have multiple rivers in this region whereas in cold
places, fire is used in their rituals.
These are some of the things I had explained. There are other things also which are affected
based on Geography. Without lands, or geography, religion would not exist.
Geography is everything about people (and their lands) and nature – religion is part of human
environment. Geography is human environment and natural environment.
Human environment is made of regions, countries etc., Humans spread their ideas, concepts,
and religions where they can reach.
Religious people would not just spread their religions but try to convert others. You don’t
need animals follow your religions but other humans.
Humans compete with other human beings – that’s normal. A species is always competing
among itself for all reasons. Peoples of a region are constantly contesting. That’s geography.
When they can reach faraway lands, their religions spread faraway lands too.
A. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Prehistoric humans, such as the Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons, have practiced a set of belief
systems like in burying their dead, painting on the walls of caves and carving images from stones.
The existence of humankind for so long a time has resulted in the formation of religion and
belief systems. It is certain that many religions may have been unrecorded in the past. Others may
have gradually died down like Zoroastrianism that once flourished in South Asia but is now only
confined in Iran, India, and Central Asia
Important Dates on The Origin of World Religions
Date Significance
2000 BCE – Time of Abraham, the patriarch of Israel
1200 BCE – Time of Moses, the Hebrew leader of Exodus
1100 - 500 BCE – Hindus compiled their holy texts, the Vedas
563 - 83 BCE – Time of the Buddha, founder of Buddhism
551 - 479 BCE – Time of Confucius, founder of Confucianism
200 BCE – The Hindu book, Bhagavad Gita, was written
2 to 4 BCE - 32 CE – Time of Jesus Christ, the Messiah and founder of Christianity
32 CE – The Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ
40 - 90 CE – The new Testament was written by the followers of Jesus Christ
100 CE – Beginnings of Shintoism (no known founder)
500 - 580 CE – Time of Lao Tzu, founder of Daoism
570 - 632 CE – Time of Muhammad, who recorded the Q’ran as the basis of Islam

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The Patriarch Abraham
Played a major role in the establishment of the three monotheistic religions: namely, Judaism, Christianity,
and Islam, which account for more than half of the world’s total population. As such, these organized
religions are collectively known as ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS.
The importance of Abraham in these three religions lies in the fact that the patriarch appears as an
elemental (primary) figure for monotheistic belief system and a paragon (exemplar) for extreme devotion.
The Genealogy ofAbraham
Commonalities in Abrahamic Religions
They all worship one supreme being.
Ancient Hebrews – Elohim, Adonai, or Yahweh
Present day Judaism – “Lord” or “God”
Muslims – Allah
Prophets and apostles play major roles
Judaism has 48 prophets and 7 prophetesses.
Early prophets include Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and Joshua.
Christianity has 12 apostles, some of whom wrote parts of the New Testament.
Islam believes that Muhammad is the final prophet or the “Seal of the Prophets.”
Prior to the establishment as organized religions, the role of divine revelation or intervention is
associated among their progenitors (ancestors).
God instructed Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac at Mount Moriah.
God presented the 10 Commandments to Moses at Mount Sinai.
God sacrificed His son Jesus Christ through crucifixion as the plan to salvation.
God commanded Muhammad to establish a new religion at a cave in Mount Hira.
Then and now, the followers of the three Abrahamic religions are presented with a choice between good
and evil.
The Indian Mosaic
India is one of the oldest surviving civilizations, with its history dating back to at least 6500
BCE. The many conquerors that came to India were gradually absorbed into the native Indian religions.
The Harappan civilization, Aryan influence, local dynasties, and the Muslim conquest all had
their fair share in building the intricate Indian mosaic. As a result, variety and complexity characterize
Indian culture.
Four great religions originated in India – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism – and a
myriad of minor cults and local sects.

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Hinduism
It perfectly reflects Indian heterogeneity with its eclectic (diversified and assorted) ways of
religious expressions that are quite confusing to outsiders.
It has no specific founder, no one sacred book, and with innumerable gods and goddesses that any
Hindu can venerate. As such, Hinduism can be considered as museum of religions.
It was during the Vedic Period that Hinduism or Sanatana Dharma became systematized as a religion that
preached order and purpose to the cosmos and human life.
During this period, universal order became equated with a stable society as evidenced by the establishment
of a centralized government and the integration of collective traditions into Indian lives.
Buddhism
It centers its attention on the figure of the Buddha, who was not a god but a human being who came
to discover how to terminate sufferings in order to escape the painful and continuous cycle of rebirth.
Buddhist followers revere Buddha in the same way that the members of other world religions
worship their gods.
The Mahayana sect of Buddhism differs from Theravada school because of its rich array of buddhas
and bodhisattvas who have attained spiritual enlightenment.
These beings are already eligible to enter nirvana but choose to delay this glorious path to guide others to
the path of salvation.
Born near the end of the 6th century BCE, Siddhartha Gautama’s life is closely linked with the
historical and religious development of Buddhism in India. Gaining new converts due to its mass appeal as
compared to the exclusivity of Hindu beliefs, Buddhism spread far and wide from India to Sri Lanka and to
Southeast Asia.
The religion was transported to China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. Across the Himalayas, it
reached the Tibetan lands.
Presently, Buddhism has become more popular outside its place of origin while Hinduism has
remained entrenched (rooted) in India throughout many centuries.
Confucianism
Even during the olden days, the Chinese had already endeavored to establish and attain good
governance. China adopted Confucius’s ideals and ethics as the nation developed meritocracy (power goes
to those with superior intellects) as a basis for government officials.
Confucius is regarded as China’s greatest philosopher and teacher who lived at the same time as Siddhartha
Gautama in India.
Confucian ideals aspire to harmonize human relations and serve as guide to social behavior. An
ideal human society it the utmost concern for the Confucian followers.
Confucius dwell upon the theme of the Dao as being the truth or way things out to be done
concordant with specific view to life, politics, and customs.
Confucian Dao concerns human affairs.
Daoism
Mysteries abound the birth and life of Laozi (Lao-tzu) who may have written Dao De Jing (Tao Te
Ching or The Book of the Way and its Power.
Believed to be a contemporary (modern version) of Confucius, he once worked as a record keeper
at the time of Zhou Dynasty but soon left the service due to his frustration with corruption.
Around 142 CE, Daoism began as an organized religion with the establishment of the Way of the
Celestial Masters sect by Zhang Daoling during the Han Dynasty.
The writings of Daoism centers on the concept of Dao, as a way or path signifying appropriateness
of one’s behavior to lead other people.
Dao in Daoism means road, path or way in which one does something.
Daoist Dao means the way the universe works.

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Shintoism
It is a loosely organized local belief in Japan, somewhat an ardent (dedicated) religious form of
Japanese patriotism. Its mythology highlights the superiority of Japan over other lands.
Japanese people believed that their emperors literally descended from the sun goddess Amaterasu.
Conscious effort is done to revere the beauty of Japan’s lands, especially mountains.
The term ‘Shinto’ was coined around the 16th century CE to distinguish native belief system from
the imported religions of China and Korea, including Buddhism, Daoism and Confucianism.
The term came from the Chinese words ‘shen’ and ‘tao’ roughly translated as the ‘way of the gods’.
Of primal importance were the kami that were often defined as the gods but could also refer to
deities of heaven and earth, or even spirits in human beings, animals, trees, seas, and mountains.
B. GEOGRAPHY OF FAITH
The Western Frontier
West Asia is the home of three great religions (J, C, I).
Religions have increasingly become involved in domestic politics of West Asia, resulting in
prolonged conflicts among countries that have claimed thousands of lives.
The Levant: Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Syria, and Palestine.
Israel remains the only country in the world with a Jewish-majority population comprising almost
75% of its citizens.
The Arabian Peninsula, the world’s largest peninsula, consists of countries that are predominantly
Islamic in character. (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and Oman).
Most West Asian countries follow Shi’a and Sunni denominations of Islam. Iran and Iraq associate
themselves with the Shi’a sect while Muslims in Saudi Arabia belong to Sunni branch.
The topography of West Asia is characterized by vast areas of mountainous terrains which played
significant roles in many religious beliefs as these landforms provide ideal settings where gods live or
where gods and mortals meet.
SACRED MOUNTAINS in the Judeo-Christian Traditions
Holy
Mountains
Location Significance
Mount Ararat Eastern part of Turkey Traditional landing place of Noah’s Ark as
narrated in the book of Genesis
Mount Sinai Sinai Peninsula
in Egypt
The peak where Moses received the Ten
Commandments
Mount Zion/
Mount Moriah
Jerusalem Known as the
city of
Known as the city of David and Temple Mount
Mount Tabor Israel Site of transfiguration of Jesus Christ
One of the most sacred sites in the world revered by JCI. Three structures are found in the present site:
Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Dome of the Rock, and the Domen of the Chain. The Jewish people consider the
Temple Mount as their holiest shrine. Mount Moriah is also believed to be the site of sacrifice of Isaac
by Abraham.
Vast expanse of deserts and bodies of water also played important roles in biblical history.
Place Significance
Yam Suph (Red Sea) Israelites crossed this as they escaped from Egyptian lands
Sinai Desert Israelites lived here en route the Promised Land (spiritual cleansing
Presently, followers of Abrahamic religions place high regard on the city of Jerusalem in Israel
because of the numerous sites that are central to their belief system.
There are more than a thousand synagogues, more than a hundred churches and more than 70
mosques.

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The Western Wall (Wailing Wall or Kortel), one of the four remaining walls that surrounded
Temple Mount, is the second holiest shrine for the Jews.
Jerusalem has been sacred for the Christians for almost two thousand years now. Important sites
include Mount Zion and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which is the site of the Golgotha (or the
place of crucifixion) and the empty tomb of Jesus Christ.
Lastly, Jerusalem has been sacred for the Muslims for almost 1400 years now. For the Sunni
Muslims, it is their third holiest city.
Located at the Temple Mount, the Islamic Dome of the Rock is the most recognizable structure in
Jerusalem. It is believed that the rock is the spot from which Muhammad ascended to heaven.
Likewise, the First and Second Temples are believed to lie beneath or near the shrine.
Another Islamic structure is the Al-Aqsa Mosque associated with the night journey undertaken by
Muhammad.
The Indian Subcontinent
The subcontinent of South Asia covers an area more than one and a half million square miles
stretching from the Hindu Kush and Baluchi Hills on the west and the Great Himalayan mountain range
on the north, to the Burmese mountain on the east and the Indian Ocean on the south.
More than 4000 years ago, a civilization emerged along the Indus River that developed a unique
culture long before the dawn of the Christian era.
Invasions from people originating in Macedonia and Central Asia have added diversity to India’s
population and complexity to its culture.
Because sweltering heat is one major feature of India’s ecological setting, it is no wonder that
Hindus revere the sun (Surya) and fire (Agni).
Water also plays a major role as evidenced by Hindus venerating a god of water and celestial
oceans (Varuna).
The South Asian countries of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh depend on the rivers of Indus,
Ganga-Yamuna, and Brahmaputra. Traversing the great plains of north India, the Ganga (Ganges) is the
holiest river for the Hindus. From its point of origin to its confluence with the ocean, many ancient
pilgrimage sites and cities line up along the Ganga that include Rishikesh, Haridwar, Prayag and
Varanasi.
Even Buddhists consider Varanasi as an important religious site. During the olden days, there
was once a deer park in Samath which is now a residential area in Varanasi. In this park, Siddhartha
Gautama gave his first sermon about the principles of Buddhism. It is presently marked by the Dhamek
Stupa shrine.
The Buddha also met his first disciples at this place which is now commemorated by the
Chaukhandi Stupa monument.
The Eastern End
At the eastern end of the great Asian continent one finds the cultural and political dominance of China.
The location of China proper in the valleys of two great bodies of water, the Huang He and
Yangtze, is quite favorable because of the support these streams provide to the Chinese people that made
historic China the center of culture.
From these river valleys emerged small states now controlled by the first recorded dynasties, the
Shang and the Zhou. It is within this context that the great Confucius became fascinated with ethical
questions and morality in government officials.
It was only during the second millennium after the death of Confucius in 479 BCE that the
teachings and ideals identified with his philosophy spread in China. By the time of the Han dynasty,
Confucian teachings had become the state religion. In Korea, it began to be disseminated extensively
around the 15th century. In Japan, it was accepted by the majority during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Daoism emerged in response to the widespread warfare and social turmoil that besieged the Zhou
dynasty.
The entry of Buddhism in Japan between the 4th and 8th centuries had a direct effect in their

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religious traditions.
Shinto was introduced (to distinguish native from foreign religion).
Shinto followers acknowledged that the numerous buddhas and bodhisattvas were revelations of the kami.
Fusion between Shintoism and Buddhism.
Japan developed a unique form of Buddhism taking its fullest meditative form under Zen.
CULTURAL MILIEU
World religions can be regarded along the lines of their exclusivity or non- exclusivity.
Exclusive religions are oftentimes monotheistic with Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Meanwhile, non-exclusive religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and Shintoism.
On Monotheism and Universality
While Judaism and Islam affirm the presence of one god (Unitarian creed) Christianity
acknowledges one God in three persons (Trinitarian creed): The Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.
The basic principles of the Muslim faith are reflected in the “Five Pillars of Islam”.
Both Christianity and Islam are considered universalizing religions because they both attempt to
operate on a global scale.
On the other hand, Judaism can be considered an ethnic religion because it draws members from
a specific group of people from a definite locality with most of its practices and rituals performed
continuously throughout generations.
On the Concept of Dharma
The concept of dharma is integral in religions that emerged in India, including Hinduism,
Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.
In Hinduism, dharma could mean duty, righteousness, and ethics. In all humanity, this is common
and evident in virtues such as peacefulness, empathy, and kindness. For Buddhism, it means cosmic law
and order, or the teachings of Buddha and the truth of the way things are.
For the Theravada sect, dharma is sometimes used to indicate all the factors of existence.
Dharmic religions do not compel their adherents to profess their devotion to be a believer or a
practitioner. Meditational and yoga rituals lead to right behavior and ultimate understanding of the
universe.
While the Hindus and Buddhists share similarities in their ideas concerning enlightenment and
liberation, they differ in:
Hindus believe in trimurti or the three forms of god.
Buddhists do not believe in the existence of any god therefore intermediaries for humans and
gods are not necessary along with the many rituals that go with venerating them.
On Nature and Ancestors
The elements of cult of heaven and ancestor worship are features of ancient Chinese culture
integrated into the Confucian philosophy and belief. Confucius had a firm conviction in a natural order
that was moral order.
Apart from having a harmonious relationship between humans and heaven, the establishment of
an ideal human society is also key to Confucian followers. The five basic social relationships are:
1. Ruler and subjects; 2. Father and son; 3. Husband and wife; 4. Older and younger brothers;
5. Friends or members of the community
In Shintoism, divinities are closely linked to nature and natural forces. The sacred Mount Fuji, an
abode of Japanese gods, is surrounded by temples and shrines. It is one of the three holy mountains along
with Mount Tate and Mount Haku.
Shrines are erected to venerate or remember ancestors, an occurrence, and natural phenomena,
such as mountains, rivers, rocks and trees. Shinto followers carry out ritualistic practices diligently in
order to establish union with the present society and the nation’s past. Majority of its followers also
practice Buddhism.

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World
Religion
1. What concepts have you learned from this module?
________________________________________________________________________
2. What have you discovered about yourself in relation to the module?
________________________________________________________________________
.
Vll. APPLICATION
Activity 3: Concept Map
Based on the readings, what are the 3 things that are related to World Religion? Fill out the concept
map below. Read and answer the following questions in your journal
CONGRATULATIONS!
You are now in the last part of this module! But before we part ways, let us try to sum up the
learnings that you got. At this point, write down on your journal, your significant insights by completing
the following sentence prompts.
I have learned that ____________________________________________________________________.
I have realized that ___________________________________________________________________.
I will apply _________________________________________________________________________.
MY REFLECTION PAPER - Be guided on the following questions:
1. In what way do you appreciate geography and culture in your religion?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
2. If given the chance, which part of geography and culture would you like to change? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
.
Analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture, and religions by creating a map showing
the 5-world religion based on geography and culture.
You may access the link, http://allfreeprintable.com/world-blank-map for a printable blank world
map or use the template provided. Use one color per religion. Provide a map legend. Take note of the
cities or countries where each religion originated.
IX. POST-TEST

15. 15
Below the map, write a paragraph explaining the interconnectedness of geography, culture, and
religions. World mapping analysis of interconnectedness of geography, culture, and religion of five
world religions. (Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam)
Source: http://allfreeprintable.com/world-blank-map
What three (3) questions would you like to ask your teacher about Interconnectedness of Geography,
Culture and Religion?
Rubrics for map analysis.
CATEGORY 20 15 10 5
Thoroughly Ideas somewhat explained the
interconnectedness of
geography, culture, and
religion
Little or no
Idea explained ideas of
the
Ideas explained the
interconnectedness
explanation of ideas
of the
Explanation interconnectedness
of geography,
of geography,
culture, and religion
interconnectedness
of geography,
culture, and religion culture, and religion
Location
All place of origin per religion
were labelled and located
correctly
Most place of origin per
religion were
labelled and located correctly
Some place of origin per
religion were
labelled and located correctly
No place of origin per religion
were
labelled and located correctly
Work adequately Work inadequately Work does shows Work does not

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Map shows understanding of the shows understanding of the little understanding of the shows understanding of the
representat interconnectedness interconnectedness interconnectedness interconnectedness
ion of 5 religions in
geography, and
of 5 religions in
geography, and
of 5 religions in
geography, and
of 5 religions in
geography, and
culture culture culture culture
Color & symbols Color & symbols Color & symbols Color & symbols
Color/map used per religion, all
shows
used per religion,
mostly shows
used per religion,
some shows
used per religion,
does not shows
legend interconnectedness
of geography and
interconnectedness
of geography and
interconnectedness
of geography and
interconnectedness
of geography and
culture culture culture culture

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Congratulations and thank you for finishing this module! You’ve just had a
fruitful learning discovery in the interconnectedness of geography, culture and
religion, for sure, you will also do the same in the succeeding modules. Read in
advance about Effects of Religion.
lX. ASSIGNMENT / ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

18. 18
PRE-TEST
1. Totem Pole in British Columbia Pilgrimage
2. Kaaba in Mecca
3. Stonehenge Circle in the South of England
4. Golden Temple in India
5. A river in India
ACTIVITY 1
Picture 1. Answers may vary.
Picture 2. Answers may vary.
Hajj - is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the
holiest city of the Muslim.
Picture 3. Answers may vary.
Reflections: Answers may vary.
Study Questions: Answers may vary.
ACTIVITY 2
Answers may vary.
Reflections: Answers may vary.
ACTIVITY 3
Three Ideas: Historical Foundations, Geographical Context, and Cultural
Milieu
Reflections: Answers may vary.
ACTIVITY 4
Reflection Paper: Answers may vary.
POST-TEST
World Map Analysis: Answers may vary.
X. ANSWER KEY

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References:
 Ong, Jerome A. et.al. Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems.
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 Corral, Victoria,Ed.D et.al . Introduction to World Religions and Belief
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 https://www.ancientfacts.net/black-stone-kaaba-origins/
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 Published by: Erdkunde, http.//www.jstor.org/stable/41331384, Page Count:
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 https://www.slideshare.net/jomarienel/lesson-2-origin-of-world-religions
 Accessed time: 11:50pm 7/28/2020
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 https://www.slideshare.net/jomarienel/lesson-2-origin-of-world-religions
 http://allfreeprintable.com/world-blank-map

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INTRODUCTION TOWORLD RELIGIONSAND BELIEF SYSTEMS
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