types , mechanism of massage etc

1. Therapeutic Sports Massage
Presented by-
Dibendu Kr. Bej (MPED student)
Topic:-
Physiological and psychological effects of massage

2. IntroductIon
Massage is the systemic rubbing and
manipulation of different part of the body for
the therapeutic benefits.
The word Massage is a derivation from the
Greek massein, or the French masser, which
both mean: to knead.

3. History of the massageHistory of the massage
o In the Chinese and indian history massage can
be traced back as early as 3000 years ago
o In Ayurveda text, in Dinacharya concept it is
mentioned that massage should be done after
doing exercise.
o “The Cong-Fou of the Tao-Tse”(Chinese text)
was probably the foundation both of modern
massage and of the manual Swedish
movements.

5. Swedish
Also known as
relaxation massage
Usually a full body
massage that is
focused for relaxation
of the client
VARIOUS TYPES OF MASSAGE IN
MODERN ERA

6. Some people
actually require
deeper work in
order to reach a
specific muscle
Deep Tissue

7. Helps to calm the
nervous system
Relieves tight and sore
muscles
Uses a moist heat
Different size stones are
roasted to a warm and
comfortable temperature
Great for relieving
stress!
Hot Stone

8. Majority of work
is done using the
therapists’ feet
while the client is
face down.
Pressure may
range from very
light to very deep
Ashiatsu

9. Used to treat
adhesions
Deep tissue
work but light
pressure
Myo-fascial Release

10. Mixture of massage
and stretching
Great way to get to
those hard to reach
muscles
Helps to increase
flexibility
ROM or Stretching Massage

11. Effleurage (Stroking)Effleurage (Stroking)
• Every massage begins and
ends with effleurage
• Increases venous and
lymphatic flow
• Increases circulation to skin
surface
• Start with a light pressure,
move centripetally or
centrifugally consistently
throughout treatment
VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF MASSAGE

12. Petrissage (Kneading)Petrissage (Kneading)
• Consists of kneading
manipulations that press
and roll muscles under
fingers or hands
• Muscles are gently
squeezed, lifted, and
relaxed
• Hands may remain
stationary or move along
length of muscle or limb

13. Tapotment (Percussion)Tapotment (Percussion)
• Hacking

14. • Hacking
• Slapping
Tapotment (Percussion)Tapotment (Percussion)

15. • Hacking
• Slapping
• Beating
Tapotment (Percussion)Tapotment (Percussion)

16. • Hacking
• Slapping
• Beating
• Tapping
Tapotment (Percussion)Tapotment (Percussion)

17. • Hacking
• Slapping
• Beating
• Tapping
• Clapping or cupping
Tapotment (Percussion)Tapotment (Percussion)

18. VibrationVibration
• A fine tremulous
movement, made by hand
or fingers placed firmly
against a part causing a
part to vibrate
• Hands should remain in
contact and a rhythmical
trembling movement will
come from arms

19. Transverse Friction MassageTransverse Friction Massage
• Technique for treating chronic
tendon inflammation
• Purpose is to increase
inflammatory response to
progress healing process
• Use strong pressure in
perpendicular direction to
fibers for 7 to 10 minutes
every other day

20. Acupressure Massage TechniquesAcupressure Massage Techniques
• Locate points from chart
• Use fingers or elbow to
do small friction- like
circular motions
• Amount of pressure applied
should be intense and
painful
• Patient reports a dulling or numbing effect
• Treatment times range from 1-5 min at several points

21. Effects of massage
Effects On Pain:
• Modulates pain through gate control & β-endorphins
Skin:
• Purifies the skin from dead horny cells
• Improves blood supply to tissues, increases skin temperature
• Affects the venous and lymph flow, decreases oedemas
• Improves skin and subcutaneous tissue trophicity
• Enhances the activity of sweat and sebaceous glands
• Contact stimulates cutaneous receptors
Nervous System:Nervous System:
• Reduces activity of sympathetic nervous system
• Reduces fatigue, stress and increases the mental work
abilities
• Improves the transmission of nerve impulse processes.

22. Circulatory System:Circulatory System:
• Blood flows from the internal organs to skin and muscles
• Expand peripheral blood vessels
• Improve blood supply to tissues and accelerate capillary
blood circulation
• Facilitate and accelerate venous blood circulation
• Facilitate heart work and improve blood supply to cardiac
muscle
• Reduce blood pressure and decelerate heart rate
Joint and ligament system:
• Increases elasticity and agility of ligaments
• Influences blood and lymph flow in bones and joints.
• Most effectively works with friction.
Effects of massage

23. Lymphatic system:
• Speed of the lymph flow in largest lymphatic vessels is four
mm/sec. Through the thoracic duct ( ductus thoracicus) all the
lymph flows through only six times in twenty-four-hours
• Massage empties cells from the end-products of metabolism,
reduces lymph stasis and oedema.
Muscle system:
• Affects the blood and lymph flow in muscles
• Enhances elimination of lactic acid
• Restores muscle capacity two to four times (the number of
active capillaries increases in muscles). In1mm² of the cross-
section of muscles there are opened and functioning 1400 of
capillaries
• Increases or reduces muscle tone
• Most effective are kneading techniques ( petrissage)
Effects of massage

24. • Respiratory system-
• Reduces the frequency of breathing,
• Increases the oxygen intake and the carbon dioxide elimination,
• Improves the blood and lymph flow in respiratory organs and
muscles
• Enhances expectoration
• Digestive system-
• Improves small intestine peristalsis,
• Stimulates blood and lymph flow, thereby improving the
absorption of nutrients.
• Increases secretion of bile
• Internal organs are most effectively affected by vibration
techniques of massage.
Effects of massage

25. • Excretory System-
– Increases the elaboration of urine, mineral salts,
urea and uric acid.
• Endocrine system-
– Improves blood, lymph circulation, activates
functional activity of internal secretion glands.
Improves self-comfort.
Effects of massage

26. Psychological effects of massage
• Increases awareness of mind-body connection!
• Massage can help you become more aware of where we are
holding tension, as well as where we have tight muscles or
painful areas
• Massage reduces mental stress and Decreases angry
feelings- secretion of cortisol hormone increases.
• Promotes better sleep and sleep patterns
• Massage induces mental relaxation
• Fosters peace of mind and moods – Serotonin & endorphins
hormone secretion increases.
• Massage helps improve concentration
• Provides mental clarity
• Revitalizes your mind

27. Indications For MassageIndications For Massage
• increase coordination
• decrease pain
• decrease
neuromuscular
excitibility
• stimulate circulation
• facilitate healing
• restore joint mobility
• remove lactic acid
• alleviate muscle cramps
• increase blood flow
• increase venous return
• retard muscle atrophy
• increase range of motion
• edema
• myofascial trigger points
• stretching scar tissue

28. • adhesions
• muscle spasm
• myositis
• bursitis
• fibrositis
• tendinitis
• revascularization
• Raynaud's disease
• intermittent claudication
• dysmenorrhea
• headaches
• migraines
Indications For MassageIndications For Massage

29. ReferencesReferences
• 1. Archer, P. (May 2001). Three clinical sports massage approaches for treating
injured athletes. Athletic Therapy Today. 6(3): 14-20.
• 2. Barnes, J. (2004). What is myo fascial release. 17-19.
• 3. Clover, J. (2001). Sports medicine essentials: core concepts in athletic
training and fitness instruction. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Learning.
• 4. Hilbert, J; Sforzo, G; Swenson, T. (2003). Massage decreases intensity of
delayed soreness. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 37: 72-75.
• 5. Prentice, W. (2003). Therapeutic modalities. ed. New York, NY: McGraw
Hill.
• 6. Sefton, J. (May 2004). Myofascial release or athletic trainers, part 3: specific
techniques. Athletic Therapy Today. 9(3) 40-41.
• 7. Sykaras, E; et al. (2003). Manual massage effects in knee extensors peak
torque during short-term intense continuous concentric – eccentric isokinetic
exercise in female elite athletes. Isokinetics

30. Contraindications For MassageContraindications For Massage
• arteriosclerosis
• thrombosis
• embolism
• severe varicose veins
• acute phlebitis
• cellulitis
• synovitis
• abscesses
• skin infections
• cancers
• acute inflammatory
conditions
Thank you so much for having
patients