6. Group – column of elements with similar
properties.
◦ 8 groups
Period – horizontal row of elements
◦ 7 periods
Same number of
VALENCE electrons
Same number of
electron rings
7. The stair case or zigzag separates the metals
from the nonmetals.
Metals = LEFT of the staircase
Nonmetals = RIGHT of the staircase
**Hydrogen is the exception to the rule
8. Metal
◦ High luster – shiny
◦ Malleable – able to be flattened into sheets
◦ Electronically conductive
Nonmetal
◦ No luster – not shiny
◦ Not conductive
◦ Brittle – breaks apart easily
Metalloids
◦ Elements with the properties of metals and nonmetals
◦ On the staircase
9. GROUP # NAME # of Valence
Electrons
1 Alkali Metals 1
2 Alkaline Earth Metals 2
3 The Boron Group 3
4 The Carbon Group 4
5 The Nitrogen Group 5
6 The Oxygen Group 6
7 Halogens 7
8 Nobel Gases 8 (except He)
Valence electron
electrons on the outer ring
of an atom
