Islamic System of Education Muslim thinkers of education Dr. Daniyal MUSHTAQ

1. Dr Daniyal Mushtaq

3.  AL-GHAZALI
 IBN-E-KHALDUN
 SHAH WALI ALLAH
 SIR SYED AHAMED KHAN
 ALLAMA IQBAL
 Summary of the unit

4.  Students will be able to:
i) Know the various Muslim thinkers of
Education.
ii) Aware the ideas theories and concepts of
some prominent Muslim education.
iii) Know the Islamic culture heritage and
civilization.
iv) Understand the Islamic system of life in
Pakistan.
v) Describe the guiding principle of Islamic
system of education in Pakistan.

5.  Introduction:
Abu Hamid al Ghazali was born at Ghazali near Tus
in 1058 a.d. he lost his father when he was
young and was educated and brought up by a
trust family friend.
In 1091, he was appointed a professor in nizamiyah
university of Baghdad where he soon became a
famous. He wrote a book Ihyaal-ulu-mud-din .
Al Ghazali died on the 19th December 1111 A.D, at
his native town Tus. His closing year was mainly
spent in pious contemplation and the study of
tradition which as youth he could not remember.

6.  Aims and principles of education:
Alghazali philosophy of education represents the
high point of islamic thinking on education in
which Alghazali evidence inclination towards
reconciliation and the intergration of various
intellectual schools is apparent. Here he
achieves the synthesis, philosophy and mystical
educational thinking.
o For Alghazali the purpose of society is to apply
sharia and the goal of man is to achieve
happiness close to God.
o The aim of education is to cultivate man so that
he abides by teaching of religion, and is hence
assured of salvation and happiness in the eternal
life and hereafter.

7.  Al-ghazli aims the importance of childhood in
character formation.
 It is important that boys should begin to
attend Maktab (elementary school) at any
early age for what they learn there is an
engraved as in stone.
 At the early elementary stage children learn
Quran and the Saying of the Prophet.
 The children tutors must be devoted
attention to the religious education. First the
principles and foundations of religious are
instilled into them.

8.  Al-ghazali clarifying his conception of the
content and the methods of teaching by
classifying the subjects, students may choose
into three categories.
1. Knowledge that is praiseworthy whether in
small or large amount (knowledge of God).
2. Knowledge that is reprehencible whether in
small or large amount (witchcraft, magic and
astrology).
3. Knowledge that is praiseworthy to a certain
extent (tafsir, hadith, fiqh, kalam, linguistics
and grammar).

9.  Scholar, teachers and students:
 Role of scholar in society:
Seeking to attain the truth.
Cultivating his innermost self and acting in
accordance with the knowledge he has
attained.
Disseminating the truth and teaching others
without desire of fear.

10.  Introduction
 Concept of Knowledge
 Types of Knowledge
 Methods of teaching
 Curriculum Load
 Medium of Instruction
 Simultaneous Teaching of two Language
 Knowledge through Journey

11.  Ibn-e-khadun was the greatest thinkers of
medieval of Islam and belonged to an
allusion family which have migrated from
Seville to Tunis on its capture by Ferdirand III
of cast.
 He born in 1332, and he rose to be a man of
remarkable knowledge.
 Concept of knowledge:
To seek knowledge is a natural urge of a human
being and this exactly distinguishes him from
other creatures.

12.  Types of knowledge:
According to ibn I khaldun there are two main
types of knowledge.
1). Firstly, the subject pertaining to philosophy
to be sought mainly through one’s own
intellect and thinking faculities and this
depends easily on one’s mental potentials.
2). Secondly, the type of knowledge comprises
subjects which have reached man not
through his intellect but through the
messengers of God. The knowledge
centralized in and pertaining to religion.

13.  Methods of teaching:
 According to ibn I khadun the best way of gaining
competence was to take part in discussion.
 He never favored the lecture method. Because in
this method students are passive during the
lecture.
Curriculum load:
in His point of view many explanators and
commentories only helped in making the
concepts more complicated because every
scholar had his own point of view and presented
his own explanation of the original version.

14.  Medium of instruction :
Ibn I khaldun was a staunch advocate of using
of mother language as the medium of
instruction.
 Simultaneous teaching of two language:
He strongly oppose the teaching of two
languages simultaneously in the early stages
of child hood because he taught that it is not
possible for the child to attain sufficient
mastery over them and it would be
detrimental to the learning of his own
language.

15.  Introduction
 His religious thoughts
 Aims of Education
 Curriculum
 Methods of Teaching
 The Students
 The Teachers

16.  Introduction:
Qutb ud din Ahmed popularly known as Shah
Wali Allah was born in 1114 and died in 1703.
His religious thoughts:
He was the mujahid of his age. He did not only
criticize the evils prevalent in the society of
the Muslims in his time but also gave creative
suggestion to remedy them. He critically
study the whole history of islam.

17.  Aims of Education:
1). To give awareness to the students about the
relationship between God and man.
2). To develop the ability among students to
conjure the universe.
3). To give knowledge about the establishment and
development of the society.
4). To develop an ability of self realization in the
students.
5). To give awareness about the relationship
between individual and society.
6). To give students the training of social ethics.

18.  Curriculum:
he suggested a suitable curriculum for the
achievement of these above aims.
1. Principles of grammar and use of dictionary.
2. Teaching of Muwatta. IMAM E MALIK.
3. Teaching of Quran with translation.
4. Study of tafseer e JALALAYAN.
Method of teaching:
According to him the method of teaching the
logical as well as practical. He appreciate
encouragement and thinking.

19.  Introduction
 Sir Syed’s Services in the cause of Education
 Philosophy of Education
 Aims of Education
 Curriculum
 Teaching Methods

20.  Introduction:
Sir sayed ahmed khan was born on October 27-
18-17 in Dehli. He got his early education by
his mother at home. he was educated in the
oriental language arabic, percian, urdu
religion and arithmatic.
Sir sayed services in cause of Education:
i).Aligarh institue Gazetee.
ii) Education scheme in local language.
iii) Tehzeeb bul Akhlaq.
iv) College and Muhammadan Educational
conference.

21.  Philosophy of education:
Sir sayed believe in the dynamic and progressive
function of education. He utilized education as
an instrument for reforming his nation thus
becoming the pioneer instrumentalist or
pragmatist in the field of education in India.
Aims of Education:
i) To develop self esteem among students.
ii) To enable students become good human beings.
iii) To give students such trainingwhich help them
to avoid evil ways.
iv) To give students ethical training.

22.  Curriculum:
Religion
Moral science
Mathematics
Natural sciences
Basic education curriculum
Higher education curriculum
Teaching Method:
He liked scientific methods of teaching for
affective learning and also for creativity and
thinking.

23.  Introduction
 Education Aims
 Curriculum
 Methods of Instruction
 Individual Differences
 The Teacher