2. What is an electric Motor?
An electric motor converts electric energy to rotational kinetic energy
Can be AC(Alternating Current) or DC(Direct Current) motor
Uses magnets to create motion
Based on one fundamental Law of Magnetism:
Opposites Attract, Likes Repel
4. Transfers power to the commutator
The spinning part of a motor, which carries the metal coils
Holds the armature and the commutator
Reverses charge to the coils after every half rotation
Main Parts of a Motor
Armature
Axle
Brush
Commutator
Field Magnets
Power Source
Creates a magnetic field that repels the coils
Provides power to the motor
6. How the Parts Connect
The battery provides electricity to the brushes, which
transfers it to the commutators
The commutator provides the power to the coils
The coils are charged the same as its corresponding field
magnet
The magnets repel the coils, making it spin
After half a turn, the brushes will reverse the charge to each
coil, continuing the rotational motion
7. How Does the Brush
and Commutator
Work?
Red and Blue represent the 2
charges
When it spins, the brushes
(grey) alternate between
sending electricity to each
commutator
This pole reversal allows the
spinning to continue
The brush is often the first
part in a motor to wear
out, due to friction between it
and the commutators
8. HISTORY OF THE ELECTRIC MOTOR
How Stuff Works-Electric Motor
9. -Michael Faraday makes a wire rotate by using
electromagnetism
-Hans Christian Oersted observes electromagnetic repulsion
and attraction,
-André-Marie Ampère invents the solenoid, a coil of wire that
produces an electromagnetic field
-William Sturgeon invents the electromagnet
Invention of the Electric Motor
1820
1820
1821
1825-1826
1834-1835
-William Ritchie builds a device with the first commutator and
brushes
Thomas Davenport and Orange Smalley buy a solenoid and
create an electric rotary machine (patented in 1837)
1832
10. So who invented the electric
motor???
Thomas Davenport is often hailed as the inventor of the
electric motor
First to patent his design in America
In Europe, better motors already existed
Moritz Jacobi built a motor 3x as powerful as Davenport’s in
1834, 3 years before Davenport patented his design
11. USES OF THE ELECTRIC MOTOR
How Stuff Works-Electric Motor
12. What is the use of an electric Motor?
Uses electricity to create movement
Often used to create small amounts of kinetic energy, where gasoline
engines are impractical (toy car motor)
Motors have evolved to become more powerful and precise
Is even used in some cars, like hybrid and electric plug-in
13. Generator-The Not-So-Evil Twin of the Motor
The exact opposite of a motor
Converts kinetic energy into electrical energy
A motor can also be used as a generator (and vice versa)
It will be less efficient when used the other way
A motor will produce a current by simply spinning the motor
14. References
Doppelbauer, Martin. "The Invention of the Electric Motor 1800-1854." History -The Invention of the Electric Motor
1800-1854. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 May 2013. <http://www.eti.kit.edu/english/1376.php>.
Electric_Motor_Siemens_1MA7_0_18_13. Digital image. Alibaba.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 May 2013.
"How Electric Motors Work." HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 May 2013.
<http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm>.
Howdcmotorworks_1269636862. Digital image. PBCheaven. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 May 2013.
<http://www.pcbheaven.com/wikipages/How_DC_Motors_Work/>.
Thomas_Davenport400. Digital image. Edison Tech Centre. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 May 2013.
<http://edisontechcenter.org/DavenportThomas.html>.
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