1. RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION ETHICS
Major Ethical Issues In Scientific Research.
Development Of Different Research Metrics
2. Ethics In Researches.
“It Is The Branch Of Philosophy Which Deals
With Dynamics Of Decision Making
Concerning What Is Right & Wrong.”
Deals With “Protection Of Dignity”(गरिमा की
सुिक्षा)
3. 1. Informed Consent.
“A Person Knowingly, Voluntarily & Intelligently As Well As In A Clear
And Manifest Way Gives His Consent.” – Armiger
It Protects Right To Autonomy (स्वायत्तता का अधिकाि), Personal Liberty
(व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता ) & Veracity (सच्चाई).
It Must Provide a “No coercive Disclaimer”.
The Interest Of The Subject Must Always Prevail Over The Interest Of
Society & Science”- Helsinki Declaration (1964)
Disclosure(प्रकटीकरण), Comprehension(बोध), Competency(क्षमता )&
Voluntariness (स्वेच्छाधीनता) Are The Four Essential Parts Of A Consent.
4. 2. Benificence Vs. Non-malificence
“If The Research Finding Prove That It Was Not Beneficial As It Is
Expected This Can Raise Immense Ethical Consideration Especially
In Biological Sciences. - E.H. Carr
Non- Maleficence Requires A High Level Sensitivity To Realise
Harms.
Harm- Physiological, Emotional, Social, Economical
The Risk-benefit Ratio Should Always Be Less Than 1.
Risk≥ Benefit Then Study Should Be Revised.
5. 3. Anonymity & confidentiality
Rights Of Beneficence, Dignity & Fidelity.
If Anonymity Is Impossible Then Confidentiality.
It Becomes Challenge In A Case Where Conduct Is
Personal & the Sample Is Smaller. ( Acid Attack
Survivor, Rape Accuse etc. )
6. 4. Respect for privacy
An Invasion Occurs When Intimate Information Such As
Beliefs, Attitudes, opinions Etc. Is Shared With Others.
It May Even Apply To Report Of Age , Income, Marital
Status Etc.
It May Cause Loss Of Dignity, Relation Or Even The
Human.
7. 5. Vulnerable Groups Of People.
New Issue- Whether It Is Ethical Or Not To Use
Them As A Source For Data Collection.
Captive Population, Mentally Ill Persons, Aged
People, Children, Critically Ill , Sedated And
Unconscious.
Child Labour, Prostitution,Age Injustice Etc.
8. Research metrics
Fundamental Tools To Measure Performance Of A Research
Article Both At Journal Level And Author Level.
Citation-based Metrics Vs. Usage-based Metrics.
Usage Based Metrics- Taylor And Francis Group, JSTOR,
EBSCO Are Some Platforms That Provide Data On Usage.
Altmetrics Attention Score- Attention, Influence & Impact In
Research Society.
9. Clarivate Analytics (USA-2008) Earlier
Thomson Healthcare.
Acquired “Institute Of Scientific
Indexing” In 1992 (Earlier Documation)
And Turned Thomsan Scientific.
Web Of Science Database-
Jcr- Journal Citation Reports-
Impact Factor (1960s 2 Year Window)
Eigen Factor (2007) – Network Theory,
No Self Citation,
Article Influence Score-first 5 Year.
Elsevier Analytics (Netherland-1880)
Scopus Database 2004
The Lancent, Cell, Science Direct
H-index - Perseverance, Self Citation
Citescore- (3 Year Window)
SJR (Scimago Journal Rank)- Value Of The
Sources That Cite It.
Snip (Source Normalized Impact Per
Paper)- Twice A Year
