1. The document discusses the importance and origins of sociology as both a humanistic and scientific discipline. 2. It examines key areas of sociology such as social organization, social psychology, social change, and population studies. 3. The document outlines several pioneers of sociology in the 19th century who helped establish it as a field, including Henri Saint-Simon, Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber.

1. SOCIOLOGY AS A HUMANISTIC
AND SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE
CHAPTER 1

2. A. IMPORTANCE OF SOCIOLOGY

3. 1. We become more understanding, broad-
minded, and tolerant

4. 2. It enables us to learn the application of
scientific methods and techniques to our daily
life problems.

5. 3. Enables us to see the connection between our
own personal forces in the bigger social world
daily which influence life.

6. 4. It furnishes interested people and
specialized sciences with principles and
scientific data which they can use in their
work.

7. 5. It undertakes scientific sociological
researches and inquiry on immediate and
contemporary social problems

8. 6. It has made great strides in the study of
criminology, ethnic relation, social processes,
the family, population and collective behavior.

9. 7. Provides insights into the interrelationship
of human beings within the group so that we may
live in harmony with others.

10. 8. The results of sociological investigations
provide a better background for meeting and
solving social problems.

11. 9. The results of sociological inquiry can help dispel
popular myths, superstition, and stereotypes with accurate
knowledge about human behavior and human societies.

12. 10. It broadens our experiences as we learn to
discard our prejudices and biases as we become
more understanding and tolerant of the customs
of other people.

13. 11. Results of sociological investigation
are useful to everyone.

14. B. AREAS OF SOCIOLOGY

15. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

16. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

17. SOCIAL CHANGE

18. HUMAN ECOLOGY

19. POPULATION STUDIES

20. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND
RESEARCH

21. APPLIED SOCIOLOGY

22. C. PIONEER/FORERUNNERS OF
SOCIOLOGY

23. Henri Sain-Simon (1760-1825)
He based his ideas on the
assumption that the law of human
behavior could be determined in the
same manner that the law of nature
had been arrived at by natural
scientist.

24. Auguste Comte (1978-1857)
He advocated the idea of
“positivism” or the use of
empirical investigation to
understand society and social
phenomenon

25. Herbert Spencer (1830-1903)
Scientist who argued that
human societies go through an
evolutionary process and who
coined the concept “survival of
the fittest”

26. Karl Marx (1818-1883)
He believed that the
misery and exploitation of the
working lower classes in society
was caused by capitalism the
existing industrial order.

27. Emil Durkheim (1858-1917)
He focused on the
characteristics of social groups,
particularly the cohesion or
non-cohesion of religious
groups.

28. Max Weber (1864-1920)
His works dwelt on the
significance of subjective
meanings people give to their
interactions with others.

29. OTHER PIONEERS

30. Walter Bagehot (1826-1877),
English

31. Ludwig Gumplowicz (1838-
1909, Polish)

32. Gustav Ratzer Hoofers (1842-
1912, Austrian)

33. Jacquez Novicow (1849-1912,
Russian)

34. Achille Loria (1857-1943,
Italian)

35. Adolphe Coste (1842-1901,
French)

36. Benjamin Kid (1858-1916,
English)

37. William Graham Sumner (1840-
1913, American)

38. Albion Small (1854-1926,
American)

39. Lester Ward (1841-1913,
American)

40. Franklin Giddings (1855-
1931, American)

41. OTHER EARLY THEORISTS

42. Adolfe Quetelet (1796-1874,
Belgian)

43. Frediric Le Hay (1806-1882,
French)

44. Edward Taylor (1832-1917,
British)

45. Lewis Morgan (1818-1881,
American)

46. Arthur de Gobineau (1816-
1882, English)

47. Henry Buckle (1821-1862)

48. Nicholas Danilevsky (1822-
1885, Russian)