This is a research paper I wrote an E-health intervention called Copacetic Diabetic (the name my group came up with). Our e-health intervention focused on newly diagnosed Diabetic patients, which we decided would be an mobile app and website. In this paper, I addressed the need for our intervention and the research literature I review. it also includes the mock-ups I created for our nutrition page. This demonstrates my research skills, I was a group member.

1. Name: Ciara Henderson
Assignment Name: Final Paper
Title of eHealth Intervention: Copacetic Diabetic
Target Population: newly diagnosed Diabetes patients
Total Number of Words in Main Narrative: 1552
Date Submitted: April 21, 2014
Table of Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................................2
Review of the Research Literature .................................................................................3
Continues…………………………………………………………………………
……………………...4
Description of the Proposed Technology .........................................................................4
Mock ups......................................................................................................................5
Improving Marketing and Engagement .........................................................................9
References .........................................................................................................................10

2. Introduction
The main users of the technology component my team and I are proposing are for
newly diagnosed diabetics. These users are adults who has been newly diagnosed with
diabetes and do not know anything about the disease or how it is managed. Diabetes is a
very complex and life-long disease that requires patients understanding of the disease and
how to manage it even though it is very complex, diabetes can be prevented through a
healthy lifestyle (prediabetes). This disease requires the patients to make major lifestyles
changes with diet and exercise and to establish a medication regimen to help manage
their medications. The patient diagnosed with this disease will need the help from their
family and healthcare providers (Care-Coordinators). The problem my team is addressing
is transition care with newly diagnosed diabetics is self-management. Managing their
diet, exercise, medication and glucose level are part of self-management. According to
the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, national diabetes fact sheet: Diabetes
affects 25.8 million people, 8.3% of the U.S. population; in 2010 there were 18.8 million
people (all ages) diagnosed with diabetes.
Newly diagnosed diabetics main health information and support needs are
education, care-coordination, and management of medication, diet and activity.
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, national diabetes fact sheet:
In 2010, about 1.9 million people aged 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with
diabetes; there were an estimate of 79 million Americans aged 20 years or older with
prediabetes. The overall goals of my team’s propose eHealth intervention is to build
awareness of diabetes and to educate user about diabetes (prevent diabetes), improve
medication management, to improve healthcare team (team of care-coordinators), and to
improve nutrition and exercise management through a tailored website and mobile app.
The potential significance of a successful implementation of my team proposed eHealth
intervention is that it will help the user understand this disease, help care-coordinators
with decisions, help user with diet and exercise. If our eHealth intervention is successful
user will gain more education on diabetes and will know how to manage their
medication, diet and activity therefore making better lifestyle choices.
Review of the Research Literature
The first study I found was Diabetes self-management support using mHealth and
enhanced informal caregiving. The main goals of this intervention were to monitor
patients’ symptoms and self-management problems, provide patient with tailored
messages about diabetes self-management and medical help-seeking, to generate
guidance on self-management support for the patients’ informal caregivers through
emails, and lastly, to provide patients’ clinicians with feedback via fax with updates on
the selected patient reported health and self care problem. Target audience is patients
with diabetes, the technology they used were mobile health Interactive Voice Response

3. based. The system found problems with blood pressure levels that could have gone
unreported and the system overload the clinicians. The eHealth intervention was
somewhat effective. From this study, I learned that patient engagement depends on the
patients’ comprehensions levels, I also learned that when designing a tool it needs to
assess the users health literacy or provide a glossary for users to see what certain words
mean. I also learned that IVR is not always the best system to use for support and that
the user need to see what choices they are making when reporting their problem to
clinicians. The idea I came up with after reading this study was that we could add IVR to
the website when users call to receive support.
The second studied I found was Internet interventions to support lifestyle
modification for diabetes management: A systematic review of the evidence. The goal of
this study was to identify studies that used Internet based interventions to promote
diabetes education and lifestyle modification among adults with type 2 diabetes. The
main component was website. The target audience varied for all the studies. The studies
found two studies that focused on the improvements in diet and activity. There were
studies that focused on high risk, this review identified studies that were successful in
changing diet behavior and physical activity. They conducted a review found that on the
studies that dealt with medication adherence were negative. The studies in this review
that were successful were theory based. The studies that were not successful lacked
tailored feedback on education. I learned that when creating an ehealth intervention for
users with diabetes that tailoring information to each user is important because not every
one comprehend the same, that one shoe does not fit all or even most people. The ideas I
came up with from this review is to add feedback space where users can provide
feedback on whether the site engaged them and rate their experience.
An Internet based diabetes self-care efficacy, this study used randomized control trail
design that observed the changes in diabetes self-care from pre-to-post intervention. The
main goals of this study were to increase the patient self-care, to educate the patient on
health risks and benefits, to help the patient with their lifestyle changes. The technology
component they used a website that has quizzes, videos of peers and videos lectures from
health professional on self-care. Each theme focused on different behaviors for general
diabetes control. This study evaluated whether the site was successful by asking the user
if they would recommend this site. This study intervention showed users who were more
self-efficacious had a higher- level of self-care. No the ehealth intervention was not
effective because it didn’t allow users to set their own behavior goals or monitor their
progress toward these goals. I learned from this study that users input is necessary. I got
the idea to add a question onto the website asking if the user would recommend
Copacetic Diabetic to their friends and to add a feature where the user can track their
progress with their diet goals. I also came up with the ideal of adding videos to my
component for nutrition like videos on how to cook a certain recipe.

4. Description of the Proposed Technology
The main components of my team eHealth intervention are a tailored website and
mobile app, the subcomponents are Blood glucose level monitoring and history,
medication management, activity management (exercise), diet management (nutrition),
emergency physician locator and social support. My component part for the website and
mobile app focuses on diet. The problem my component deals with is diet, educating the
user on nutrition. The features for the website and mobile app are a food diary, recipe
finder and creating a meal plan. My component will support the educational needs and
nutrition management (meal planner and food diary). The main user of the website and
mobile app will be the newly diagnosed diabetic.
The physician recommends our website/app: Copacetic Diabetic because of how
interactive it is for the user. The patient finds the website and sees that it is also an app,
downloads and begin to use the app. Once the patient creates an account, he/she can
begin benefiting from it. For example, the patient can go to the education and FAQ’s and
find information about diabetes and view the most asked question about our site. The
patient could also start logging their glucose levels, activity, diet or set-up an
appointment with a physician. The patient could begin creating their meal plan and a
begin tracking their diet through the food diary. This will benefit the user because it will
guide them through, helping them understand the diabetes and understand how important
self-management is.
I designed my component this way because I wanted to make it easy to use and
make it interactive and interesting for the user. I think our eHealth intervention would
be more effective because it more interactive and it gets the user engaged, it also guides
the user compared to other websites where they just give a lot of information and are not
actually guiding the user through the process, they expect the user to know what to do.
Web-based interventions provide a viable option for facilitating self-management outside
of the clinician and that web-based interventions can be successful at reaching the patient
(Internet interventions to support lifestyle modification for diabetes management).
Mock-ups:
mock up 1

5. mock-up 2
Create A Meal
Plan
Find Recipes
Food Diary
Create a meal plan
or choose a meal
plan/edit a meal
plan.
Find Recipes,
Search for recipes,
save and edit
recipes, add
ingredients to
meal planner. Rate
recipes.
Food Diary,
Enter the meal
you ate. Enter
your diet goal.

6. mock up 3:
Add to plan
Add to
shopping list
Recipe Finder
Add ingredients that
you do not have to
your grocery list
Add the recipe of your
choice to your meal plan
Recipe List
View your favorite
recipes.

7. Click to save recipe
Balsamic Chicken
mock up 4:
Sample Recipe Page
Ingredients
½ cup balsamic vinegar
2 teaspoons Dijon mustard
2 teaspoons honey
2(4 ounce) salmon fillets
½ green onion, chopped
Serving size 1 Edit Click to edit serving size
Ingredients checklist
q ______
q ______
q ______
q ______
Click to add items to grocery list
Click to add meal plan

8. Diet goals
Day 1 Day 2
Meal Planner
Planned meals list
q Lorem ipsum
q dolor sit amet
q ex eum ferri
q accusam men
Eat fruit with meal Eat more grains for breakfast
q Goal completed 5points q Goal incomplete -10points

9. Improving Marketing and Engagement
My marketing strategy to increase awareness about Copacetic Diabetic, more
particular my website/app is by sharing it with support groups and with people that I
know who has diabetes. I would also promote my website with a text code locally at
schools, hospitals, clinics, bus anywhere were people can view and learn about my
intervention. Also could do a booth with an actual demonstration or a video with a
demonstration on how to use Copacetic Diabetic app and will mention the benefit of
using it. I will get the users to participate in the eHealth intervention through
gamification, make it like a competition; for example, maybe having it set up to where
each time the user meets their food goal per day and share it on Facebook, will level up
each month when they’re day goal is met therefore making it fun for the user share their
progress. The persuasive tools that I plans to use to improve engagement is to have
reward points that turns into cash (gift-cards) and are awarded at the end of 30 days, but
only if they meet all their food goals. This gives the user an incentive to meet their food
goals each day and if the user doesn’t meet their food goal then they loose money.

10. References
Aikens, J. E., Aikens, J. E., Zivin, K., Trivedi, R., & Piette, J. D. (2013). Diabetes self-management
support using mHealth and enhanced informal caregiving. Journal of
Diabetes and its Complications, 28(2), 171; 171-176; 176.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), & Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). (2011). National diabetes fact sheet: National estimates and
general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the united states, 2011. Atlanta,
GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, 201
Cotter, A. P., Durant, N., Agne, A. A., & Cherrington, A. L. (2014). Internet
interventions to support lifestyle modification for diabetes management: A
systematic review of the evidence. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 28(2),
243-251. doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.07.003 [doi]
Wangberg, S. C. (2008). An Internet-based diabetes self-care intervention tailored to self-efficacy.
Health Education Research, 23(1), 170-179.