5. She was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old. Twenty-five years after the execution, Pope Callixtus III examined the trial, pronounced her innocent and declared her a martyr.
6. She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920. She is, along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux, one of the patron saints of France. Joan asserted that she had visions from God which instructed her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War. The uncrowned King Charles VII sent her to the siege of Orleans as part of a relief mission.
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8. Fashion Joan wore simple female peasant clothes as a young child but from her departure from Vaucouleursshe wore men's clothes. This raised questions in her own era and raised other questions in the twentieth century. The technical reason for her execution was a biblical clothing law. The nullification trial reversed the conviction in part because the condemnation proceeding had failed to consider the doctrinal exceptions to that stricture. In terms of policy, she was safe to disguise herself as a page . People on her side at her trail said she continued to wear male clothing in prison to prevent “molestation” and rape.
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10. Punishment/Ruels Joan grew up in in patriarchal society, the church had many laws and rules which you had to abide by or be made to face the consequences. Types of Crimes:-Witchcraft-Vagrancy-Theft-SmugglingTypes of Punishments :-Hanging-Burning-Pillory-Whipping-Branding-The Wheel
11. Culture Medieval CultureIn the feudal system society was organized as a “pyramid”. The clergy and nobles were at the top, peasants at the bottom. Peasants, like Joan, worked on the land and lived in rough huts, which they often shared with their animals. They slept on straw mattresses on the floor. In the middle were the scientists, merchants, craftsmen and yeoman farmers. Joan came under the two category's of WomenWomen were seen as helpless, stupid but beautiful, and pure. MerchantsMerchants bought and sold goods such as furs and wool. Some became very wealthy and started the first banks. Merchants and craftsmen formed powerful associations called guilds. They sold their goods at fairs where people gathered to trade and to have fun.
12. Entertainment Because Joan was a peasant she would do things like , go to fairs ,and take part in festivals hosted by the church. She was very religious and spent most of her time at the church.
13. Eduction Joan was very under educated by the time of her death. She would be on the farm working rather than learning to read and write , which was only open to rich , boys.
