The story of Emory Upton's changes to the Army and how they helped NCOs become important leaders in the United States Army.

1. MG Emory Upton & the Army's NCOs
Christopher L. St. Cyr

2. Agenda
Introduction
Background information
MG Upton's ideas for change
Benefit of those changes for the NCO
Another side of Upton's vision
Summary

3. Introduction
Noncommissioned Officers
 Conduit between officers and enlisted
 Traditional roles
MG Emory Upton
 Dreamed of attending West Point
 Graduated in 1861
 NCOs became the Backbone of the Army

4. Unclassified
The Birth of the NCO
 Baron von Stuben established NCO roles
 Training and discipline of Soldiers
 Rank and file closers on battlefield

5. NCO Growth
GEN Scott added to roles
 Replace fallen officers on battlefield
 Seize initiative

6. NCO Loyalty during Civil War
Largest group of leaders in Union Army
Remaining commissioned officers
relied on NCO to fill shortages

7. Unclassified
Background – Upton
U.S. Army officer In Civil War
Commanded FA, INF, & CAV
New ideas for the future of the Army
Files of Four

8. Upton's Army of the Future
 Adopt Prussian General Staff model
A large, full-time Army
No militia
Freedom from civilian control
 Integrated tactics for combat branches
 Troop dispersion
 Leader development training

9. Unclassified
General Staff Model
Military service required of all men
Offense and defense belong to regular army
Peacetime – plan and train for war
Answers only to emperor

10. Integrated tactics

11. Troop Dispersion
Communication difficult across distance
NCOs led small units of action
NCOs identified and exploited opportunities

12. Created Modern NCO Corps
Increased responsibility
Increased visibility
Learned tactics to support officer intent
Retained traditional roles
Backbone of the Army

13. Leader Development Training
Officer selection
 West Point
 From existing NCOs
Pointed to example from FA
Institutional and unit led development

14. Upton's NCO Legacy

15. Unit Leader Development
Looked forward to, not suffered through
Timely, topical, professional discussions
Preferred method: Facilitation of hands-on
Learn from past mistakes and successes
Structured Self-Development
Self-development pillar of leader development

16. Formal educational process
Rooted in traditional NCO role of trainer
Opportunities for college education
Development of NCOES
Smarter NCOs = better leaders = Backbone
Educational pillar of leader development

17. NCO Movement
Stripes go with you
Varied assignments benefit NCO & units
Opportunities for
 Learning
 Promotion (officer)
Operational assignment pillar of leader
development

18. All Ideas Not Equal
Large, standing armies
Disbanding Militias

19. What are your Questions

20. VI. Conclusion
MG Emory Upton saw the need for change
General Staff
Leader training and development
Tactics requiring more leaders
NCOs filled the voids
NCOs became the Backbone of the Army

21. Acknowledgements
References
Ambrose, S. (1993). Upton and the army (Louisiana
paperback ed.). Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University
Press.
Arms, L. (2007). A history of the nco. Briggs Army Air
Base, TX: U. S. Army Museum of the Noncommissioned
Officer.
Craig, A. M., Graham, W. A., Kagan, D., Ozment, S., &
Turner, F. M. (2009). The heritage of world civilizations
(8th ed., Vol. 1). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice
Hall.
Hamilton, A., Jay, J., & Madison, J. (1787). The
federalist papers (Kindle ed.).
Hogan, D. W., Jr., Fisch, A. G., Jr., & Wright, R. K., Jr. (eds.).
(2007). The story of the noncommissioned officer corps:
The backbone of the Army (Rev. Ed., CMH Pub 70-38).
Washington, DC: U. S. Army Center of Military History.
Kelso, W. M. (2006). Jamestown the buried truth.
Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press.
The constitution of the United States: A transcription.
(n.d.). Retrieved January 24, 2016, from
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution
_transcript.html#top
Von Steuben, F. W. (1794). Regulations for the order and
discipline of the troops of the United States (New ed.).
Boston, MA: Henry Ranlet.
Images
Images were from Flikr.com unless otherwise noted and
are in the public domain, or Creative Commons.
Slide 6: from Hogan etal
Slide 7: Author
Slide 12: Hogan etal
Slide 14: National Guard Heritage Series. Retreived from:
http://www.nationalguard.mil/Resources/ImageGallery/
HistoricalPaintings/HeritageSeries/UtahLightArtillery.a
spx
Slide 16: USASMA and Flikr.com
Slide 19: Upton, Emory, A New System of Infantry
Tactics, Double and Single Rank, Adapted to
American Topography and Improved Fire-Arms
(published in 1867) Retreived from:
https://archive.org/details/newsystemofinfan00 upto