In this paper, we introduce a method for identifying the specific needs of a community from a user survey, and adapting maps accordingly. This method was applied to four different groups of trekkers: walkers, road cyclists, cross-country bikers, and recreational trekkers. Relevant concepts, criticisms and expectations for each group were identified using natural language processing and lexicometry methods and tools. Suggestions for adapting maps focus on data selection and graphic representation. Pedestrian trails were emphasized using trail-marking signs as graphical symbols and adding numbers which refer to additional information. Specific trails were added to the cross-country biking map using the difficulty level indication of ski maps. Moreover, contour lines were highlighted for cross-country bikers to help them to understand relief. The road cyclist map was designed at a 1/50 000 scale with generalized data. The slope of cycling paths was indicated by a diverging color scheme to convey the difficulty of different sections of road. This paper describes part of an on-demand map making process and illustrates it for a specific community, trekkers. It has been shown that it is possible to select data and define radical graphic choices as long as the community is targeted enough to have the same needs and wishes.

1. 25th International Cartographic Conference, Paris, France
On-demand cartography for trekkers:
different trekkers, different maps
Catherine Dominguès, Charlotte Hoarau
COGIT Laboratory, IGN, France
July 5th, 2011

2. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 2C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Some trekker maps

3. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 3C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Some trekker maps

4. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 4C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Some trekker maps

5. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 5C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Context
 Trekking maps might be very different
 Local initiatives
 In IGN, neither specific data nor specific
symbolization for trekking
 A survey conducted for trekkers

6. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 6C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Objectives
 Map making method based on user survey :
– Improving our process of on-demand map making
– Testing natural language processing (NLP)
methods and tools
 Special case: cartography for trekkers

7. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 7C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
cartographic
proposals
survey analysis

8. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 8C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
survey analysis
cartographic
proposals

9. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 9C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trekker survey
 4 groups according to their activity:
– walking
– road cycling
– cross-country biking
– those who occasionally practice these activities

10. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 10C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trekker survey
 4 groups according to their activity:
– walking
– road cycling
– cross-country biking
– those who occasionally practice these activities
 4 interviews conducted by coordinator

11. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 11C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trekker survey
 4 groups according to their activity:
– walking
– road cycling
– cross-country biking
– those who occasionally practice these activities
 4 interviews conducted by coordinator
 Open-ended questions

12. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 12C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
survey analysis
cartographic
proposals

13. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 13C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Written corpus
 1 group = 1 activity = 1 practice of trekking
 Transcription of questions and replies =
written (sub-)corpus
 4 written sub-corpora for 4 practices of
trekking

14. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 14C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Written corpus
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.

15. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 15C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
survey analysis
cartographic
proposals

16. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 16C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Relevant concepts
 Relevant concepts for each activity

17. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 17C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Relevant concepts
 Relevant concepts for each activity
 Used tool: lexicometry
– Based on corpus
– To make out significantly frequent words in a
corpus

18. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 18C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Relevant concepts
 Relevant concepts for each activity
 Used tool: lexicometry
– Based on corpus
– To make out significantly frequent words in a
corpus
 Contrastive study between each sub-corpus
and a reference corpus

19. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 19C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Relevant concepts
road cycling
sub-corpus
cross-country biking
sub-corpus
walking
sub-corpus
recreational trekking
sub-corpus
 Reference corpus=concatenation of sub-corpora
road cycling
sub-corpus
cross-country biking
sub-corpus
walking
sub-corpus
recreational trekking
sub-corpus
reference corpus

20. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 20C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.
Written corpus

21. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 21C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Written corpus
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.

22. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 22C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Relevant items
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:100 000
1:25 0001:25 000
1:50 000
scale used
herringbone pattern
contour line
relief
slope
contour linedifference in
altitude
slope gradient
landmarkroad
circuit
forest
town
signposted footpath
path
vegetation
self-orientation
trackroad
lane
path
signposted footpath
track
track
path
facility used
stroll ride
marked path
marked pathmarked pathitineraryactivity
recreational trekkingroad cyclingcross-country
biking
walking
Sub-corpus
Topics

23. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 23C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
survey analysis
cartographic
proposals

24. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 24C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 Use of morpho-syntactic patterns to identify
criticisms and expectations:
– opinion: I think that
– preference: I prefer
– wish: I would like
– criticism: <to be> too much
– assessment: I like, <NOUN> <to miss>
User criticisms and expectations

25. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 25C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 for example : a preference
User criticisms and expectations
with Unitex : http://www-igm.univ-mlv.fr/~unitex/

26. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 26C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 337 cases :
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.
User criticisms and expectations

27. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 27C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 337 cases :
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.
User criticisms and expectations

28. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 28C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Written corpus
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.

29. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 29C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.
Written corpus

30. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 30C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 Transcription of interview = 1 written
(sub-)corpus:
- If contour lines are dim, you can't see them very well.
- If you highlight them, it’s going to be heavy. Graticule
and Lambert coordinates are not useful. They are only
for specialist. Yes, they are useful for specialists. They
prevent you from reading the map or they don't. The
map is too crowded by all these numbers.
- I like color. It's lively. It's clear. I have a quick overall
reading of relief; I can see valleys well.
- The map shows the distance you can cover by bike : 25
by 30 kms.
- I am fond of vivid colors.
Written corpus

31. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 31C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
User criticisms and expectations
walking cross-country biking road cycling recreational trekking
1:25 000 scale
1:50 000 scale
1:100 000 scale 1:25 000 scale on-demand map
much information tourist information
relief information
distance information
number of vehicles on
the road
tourist information
relief information
distance information
level of difficulty
simple map
well spaced out map
simple legend
technical vocabu-
lary
bright colours
contrasting colours
conventional colours
contrasting colours
dense map scale 1:50 000
hard-to-read legend
1:50 000 map
too dense legend
complicated map
confusing map
Lambert graticule Lambert graticule Lambert graticule
local boundaries
Lambert graticule
not enough contras-
ting colours
irrelevant information
pastel colour
too similar icons

32. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 32C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Outline
trekker
survey
relevant
items
criticisms &
expectations
transcription
written
corpus
lexicometry
patterns
maps
survey analysis
cartographic
proposals

33. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 33C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Initial map

34. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 34C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road graphical representation
 Removing the administrative classification
 Preservation of road relevance information

35. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 35C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
 Association with landmarks
 Including roads in the background layer
Road graphical representation

36. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 36C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road graphical representation
 Road accessibility for cyclists
– Footpaths, tracks… not accessible
– Highways forbidden

37. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 37C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road graphical representation
 Road accessibility for cyclists
– Footpaths, tracks… not accessible
– Highways forbidden
 Discontinuity of road network
➙ Dashed symbolization

38. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 38C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road graphical representation
Inaccessible roads

39. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 39C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:100 000
1:25 0001:25 000
1:50 000
scale used
herringbone pattern
contour line
relief
slope
contour linedifference in
altitude
slope gradient
landmarkroad
circuit
forest
town
signposted footpath
path
vegetation
self-orientation
trackroad
lane
path
signposted footpath
track
track
path
facility used
stroll ride
marked path
marked pathmarked pathitineraryactivity
recreational trekkingroad cyclingcross-country
biking
walking
Sub-corpus
Topics

40. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 40C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:100 000
1:25 0001:25 000
1:50 000
scale used
herringbone pattern
contour line
relief
slope
contour linedifference in
altitude
slope gradient
landmarkroad
circuit
forest
town
signposted footpath
path
vegetation
self-orientation
trackroad
lane
path
signposted footpath
track
track
path
facility used
stroll ride
marked path
marked pathmarked pathitineraryactivity
recreational trekkingroad cyclingcross-country
biking
walking
Sub-corpus
Topics

41. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 41C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
 For pedestrian trekkers
– Need of self orientation information and facility
highlighting

42. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 42C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
 For pedestrian trekkers
– Need of self orientation information and facility
highlighting
Source : French Trekking Federation
Terrain Symbols

43. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 43C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
 For pedestrian trekkers
– Need of self orientation information and facility
highlighting
Source : French Trekking Federation
Our Legend SuggestionTerrain Symbols

44. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 44C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Pedestrian trekker map
Pedestrian trails

45. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 45C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:100 000
1:25 0001:25 000
1:50 000
scale used
herringbone pattern
contour line
relief
slope
contour linedifference in
altitude
slope gradient
landmarkroad
circuit
forest
town
signposted footpath
path
vegetation
self-orientation
trackroad
lane
path
signposted footpath
track
track
path
facility used
stroll ride
marked path
marked pathmarked pathitineraryactivity
recreational trekkingroad cyclingcross-country
biking
walking
Sub-corpus
Topics

46. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 46C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:25 000
1:50 000
1:100 000
1:25 0001:25 000
1:50 000
scale used
herringbone pattern
contour line
relief
slope
contour linedifference in
altitude
slope gradient
landmarkroad
circuit
forest
town
signposted footpath
path
vegetation
self-orientation
trackroad
lane
path
signposted footpath
track
track
path
facility used
stroll ride
marked path
marked pathmarked pathitineraryactivity
recreational trekkingroad cyclingcross-country
biking
walking
Sub-corpus
Topics

47. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 47C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road cyclist map
Cyclist trails

48. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 48C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Road cyclist map
Cyclist trails

49. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 49C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail graphical representation
 For cross-country bikers
– Need of difficulty level information
– Using the skimap color schema

50. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 50C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Cross-country biker map
Cross-Country trails
Pedestrian trails

51. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 51C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Trail highlighting
Cross-country biker and
pedestrian trails
Road cyclist trails

52. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 52C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
walking cross-country biking road cycling recreational trekking
1:25 000 scale
1:50 000 scale
1:100 000 scale 1:25 000 scale on-demand map
much information tourist information
relief information
distance information
number of vehicles on
the road
tourist information
relief information
distance information
level of difficulty
simple map
well spaced out map
simple legend
technical vocabu-
lary
bright colours
contrasting colours
conventional colours
contrasting colours
dense map scale 1:50 000
hard-to-read legend
1:50 000 map
too dense legend
complicated map
confusing map
Lambert graticule Lambert graticule Lambert graticule
local boundaries
Lambert graticule
not enough contras-
ting colours
irrelevant information
pastel colour
too similar icons
Points of interest

53. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 53C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Points of interest
walking cross-country biking road cycling recreational trekking
1:25 000 scale
1:50 000 scale
1:100 000 scale 1:25 000 scale on-demand map
much information tourist information
relief information
distance information
number of vehicles on
the road
tourist information
relief information
distance information
level of difficulty
simple map
well spaced out map
simple legend
technical vocabu-
lary
bright colours
contrasting colours
conventional colours
contrasting colours
dense map scale 1:50 000
hard-to-read legend
1:50 000 map
too dense legend
complicated map
confusing map
Lambert graticule Lambert graticule Lambert graticule
local boundaries
Lambert graticule
not enough contras-
ting colours
irrelevant information
pastel colour
too similar icons

54. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 54C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Points of interest
walking cross-country biking road cycling recreational trekking
1:25 000 scale
1:50 000 scale
1:100 000 scale 1:25 000 scale on-demand map
much information tourist information
relief information
distance information
number of vehicles on
the road
tourist information
relief information
distance information
level of difficulty
simple map
well spaced out map
simple legend
technical vocabu-
lary
bright colours
contrasting colours
conventional colours
contrasting colours
dense map scale 1:50 000
hard-to-read legend
1:50 000 map
too dense legend
complicated map
confusing map
Lambert graticule Lambert graticule Lambert graticule
local boundaries
Lambert graticule
not enough contras-
ting colours
irrelevant information
pastel colour
too similar icons

55. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 55C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Points of interest
walking cross-country biking road cycling recreational trekking
1:25 000 scale
1:50 000 scale
1:100 000 scale 1:25 000 scale on-demand map
much information tourist information
relief information
distance information
number of vehicles on
the road
tourist information
relief information
distance information
level of difficulty
simple map
well spaced out map
simple legend
technical vocabu-
lary
bright colours
contrasting colours
conventional colours
contrasting colours
dense map scale 1:50 000
hard-to-read legend
1:50 000 map
too dense legend
complicated map
confusing map
Lambert graticule Lambert graticule Lambert graticule
local boundaries
Lambert graticule
not enough contras-
ting colours
irrelevant information
pastel colour
too similar icons

56. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 56C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Points of interest
 Removing irrelevant information (golf courses, …)
 Adding specific information (bike repairer’s…)
Picnic Area
Campsite
Monument
Bike Repairer
Points of Interest

57. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 57C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Recreational trekker map
Pedestrian
trails
Touristic
information
Adding touristic information for recreational trekkers

58. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 58C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Conclusion
 Specific maps for trekkers:
– Incompatible requests were prioritized
– Relevant choices regarding the targeted audience
 Trekkers' criticisms and expectations
identified without any preconceived idea

59. Trekker survey Survey analysis (NLP tools) Cartographic proposals
25th ICC, Paris, FranceCartography for trekkers 59C.Dominguès, C.Hoarau
Plans for future work
 To test resulting maps by trekkers
 To apply natural language processing
methods to another targeted audience

60. 25th International Cartographic Conference, Paris, France
On-demand cartography for trekkers
Catherine Dominguès, Charlotte Hoarau
For further information:
catherine.domingues@ign.fr
charlotte.hoarau@ign.fr
http://recherche.ign.fr/labos/cogit
Thank you for your attention