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Motivation and Conflict Theories in 40 Characters
- 1. Motivation theory :conflict and Frustration Prof Chanu Bhattacharya
- 2. Motivational Theory: 1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 2. Alderfer's ERG Theory. 3. McClelland's “Acquired Needs” Human Motivation Theory. 4. Vroom's Theory of Expectancy. 5. The Hawthorne Effect. 6. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory. 7. Locke's Goal-Setting Theory. 8. Drive reduction theory Hull 9. Herzberg two factor theory 9/23/2021 physio 2
- 3. Maslow's hierarchy Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of motivation which states that five categories of human needs dictate an individual's behavior. Those needs are physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs 9/23/2021 physio 3
- 5. Alderfer's ERG theory Alderfer's ERG theory suggests that there are three groups of core needs: existence (E), relatedness (R), and growth (G) hence the acronym ERG. Alderfer's proposed that when a certain category of needs isn't being met, people will redouble their efforts to fulfill needs in a lower category. 9/23/2021 physio 5
- 7. McClelland's “Acquired Needs” Human Motivation Theory 9/23/2021 physio 7
- 8. Vroom's Theory of Expectancy 9/23/2021 physio 8
- 10. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory 9/23/2021 physio 10
- 12. Reduction of a drive state •A theory of learning in which the goal of motivated behavior is a reduction of a drive state. It is assumed that all motivated behavior arises from drives, stemming from a disruption in homeostasis, and that responses that lead to reduction of those drives tend to be reinforced or strengthened. 9/23/2021 physio 12
- 13. Reduction of a drive state 9/23/2021 physio 13
- 17. Conflict and frustration • A serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one • The feeling of being upset or annoyed as a result of being unable to change or achieve something. 9/23/2021 physio 17
- 20. What is Frustration? Blocking of a desire and goal. Failure of fulfill the goals due to obstacles and barriers. 9/23/2021 physio 20 1) Personal Frustration. 2) Conflicting Frustration. 3) Pressure Frustration. 4) Environmental Frustration
- 21. Important sources of frustration: a) Environmental forces b) Personal inadequacies: c) Conflict produced frustration: d) Reduce the level of goal: Aggressiveness: e) Withdrawal: f) Compromise: Frustration increase productivity, creativity, discovery, and also masterpieces/benefit of frustration 9/23/2021 physio 21
- 22. Poor communication One of the causes of frustration stems from poor communication. Often, we fail to communicate in a way that other people understand. Have you ever found yourself saying, “You’re not listening to me?” That’s an example of poor communication. In this instance, the other person will typically say that they are listening to you. That’s because they’re listening but they don’t understand what you want because you haven’t articulated the need in a way that the listener understands. 9/23/2021 physio 22
- 23. Dealing with Frustration 1. Meditate. The first step to dealing with frustration is to notice that you're feeling. 2. Get some fresh air. Exercise. ... 3. Practice nonviolent communication. 4. Focus on positive visualization. 5. Change the tone of your thoughts. 6. Look for solutions, not problems. 7. This too shall pass. 9/23/2021 physio 23
- 24. Weiten has identified four types of coping strategies 1. Appraisal-focused (adaptive cognitive), 2. Problem-focused (adaptive behavioral), activities and cognitions aimed at avoiding the stressful situation and can be of a distraction or social diversion nature. 3. Emotion-focused, and emotional reactions, Benefits.Journaling.Reframing.Cognitive Distortions.Positive Thinking. 4. Occupation-focused coping. Task-oriented coping consists of efforts aimed at solving the problem. 9/23/2021 physio 24
- 25. • Severe frustration use defense mechanisms 9/23/2021 physio 25
- 26. Conflict Types 1. Conflict with the self, 2. Conflict with others, 3. Conflict with the environment 4. Conflict with the supernatural. 9/23/2021 physio 26
- 27. Classification of conflict according to goal 9/23/2021 physio 27
- 28. Types 1. Person vs. Person. 2. Person vs. Nature. 3. Person vs. Society. 4. Person vs. Technology. 5. Person vs. Supernatural. 6. Person vs. Self. 7. Person vs. Destiny 9/23/2021 physio 28
- 29. Nature of conflict • Person vs. Self. An internal conflict. The character is fighting with himself mentally. ( ... • Person vs. Nature. An external conflict. ... • Person vs. Person. An external conflict. ... • Person Vs. Society. An external conflict. 9/23/2021 physio 29
- 30. Styles of conflict management • According to the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), used by human resource (HR) professionals around the world, there are five major styles of conflict management— • collaborating, competing, avoiding, accommodating, and compromising. 9/23/2021 physio 30
- 33. conflict resolution Styles of conflict resolution Characteristics features Utility & benefit Competitive Aggressive communication, low regard for relationship (Assertive) In emergency for quick resolution (low cooperation) Avoiding Delegating Controversial decision, Accepting default (Low cooperation) Issue is not so important ,time necessary (low assertive) Compromising Give and take the resources, Splitting the differences between the two positions (medium assertive) Everyone expecting to be give-up something , when other styles failed (medium cooperation) Collaborating (High Assertive)Common goal and mutual satisfactions Variety viewpoints need for the resolutions (high cooperative) Accommodating (high cooperation)Maintain relationship important Harmony more important than winning(low assertive) 9/23/2021 physio 33
- 34. Summary • Learn motivation theories • Frustration • Conflict 9/23/2021 physio 34