CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2019 English

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
072 197 9305
071 867 3530
English,
Xhosa, Zulu,
Afrikaans
Sotho, Siswati
#MensHealth
November 2019
YOUR MANHOOD
PROTECT

Protect your Manhood
 CANSA focusses on prostate cancer, the most common male
cancer globally and locally and showing significant increases
 According to the National Cancer Registry, South African men
have a 1:19 risk for being
diagnosed in their lifetime
 International and local research
indicates that the risk for aggressive
prostate cancer is higher in
black men
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Watch CANSA’s
video raising
awareness
about
screening
for prostate
cancer

 We encourage monthly testicular self-examinations, annual
medical check-ups and cancer screening for early detection,
as symptoms don’t always present
until cancer has spread
 Men also need to lead an active,
healthy, balanced lifestyle, cutting out
lifestyle factors that increase their
cancer risk
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Prostate Cancer - Symptoms
1 in 19* SA men will develop prostate cancer
 Prostate cancer often occurs without any symptoms
 Symptoms more likely if advanced:
 Frequent urination, esp. at night
 Straining to pass urine
 Painful or burning sensation during
urination or ejaculation
 Leaking urine
 Bloody urine/semen
 Advanced cancer can cause deep
pain in lower back, hips/upper thighs
Watch video: Jereme Prins, Prostate Cancer
Survivor Encourages Early Screening & Support
*National Cancer Registry 2014

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Prostate Cancer –Risk Factors
 The most common risk factors include:
 African ancestry
 increasing age (from 50’s onwards)
 family history of prostate cancer – on either mother or
father’s side
 It might be that prostate cancer grows more rapidly in black
than in white men and that transformation from latent to
aggressive prostate cancer might occur earlier in black men
 Rural men especially may present late and with advanced
disease

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Prostate Cancer – Reduce the Risk
 Some risk factors such as race, family history, age can’t be helped
 Eat a healthy diet:
 Men who eat a lot of red meat or high-fat dairy products
appear to have a slightly higher risk
 High alcohol intake increases risk
 Maintain a healthy weight
 Use of steroids influences development of prostate cancer
 Avoid smoking
TREATMENT & PROGNOSIS: Treatment depends on age and how aggressive the
cancer is. Options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy & hormonal
therapy. The prognosis for prostate cancer is good if diagnosed early and treated.

Prostate Cancer – Screening
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Contact your local CANSA Care Centre for information on
and bookings for Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening
 Screening is done with a blood test called the Prostate Specific Antigen
(PSA) to help detect prostate
abnormalities
 CANSA recommends talking to doctor
about screening by age 50, or sooner if
you have a family history
 The PSA test is often combined with a
digital rectal exam, done by a doctor

Colorectal Cancer – Reduce the Risk
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22 The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 79* SA men will develop colorectal cancer
Go for cancer
screenings
Eat a healthy
diet
Exercise
regularly
Maintain healthy
weight
Do not
smoke
Avoid
alcohol
Screening:
 Go for regular colon
screening tests such as a
colonoscopy or a
sigmoidoscopy from age
50 - every 10 years
 Some CANSA Care
Centres offer faecal
occult blood tests
(positive results require a
referral to a doctor)

www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Colorectal Cancer – Signs, Symptoms
(You can have early colorectal cancer without symptoms)
 Change in bowel habits
 A feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely
 Rectal bleeding
 Stomach pain
 Weakness
 Unexplained weight loss
Treatment & Prognosis: Treatment depends on how far the cancer has advanced.
Treatment may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of these
therapies. Prognosis also depends on how far the cancer has advanced. For early (stage I)
cancer of the colon or rectum, the five year survival is about 75%

Lung Cancer - Symptoms
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
You can have lung cancer before symptoms develop.
 Shortness of breath
 Cough
 Coughing up blood
 Chest pains
 Noisy breathing
 Feeling very tired all the time
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Treatment & Prognosis: Treatment depends on the type of cancer, its location and how
advanced it is. Options involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or a combination.
Prognosis depends on whether the cancer has spread.
For cancers that have not spread, the five-year survival rate is about 50%
1 in 80* SA men will develop lung cancer

Lung Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Screening
 Examining the lungs with a fiberoptic telescope
 Sampling sputum to look for cancer cells
 Doing a CT scan
 If you are older than 50 and have a history of smoking or
have Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease (COPD), talk to
your doctor about screening
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Lowering of Risk
 It is estimated that risk for lung cancer can be lowered in 90% of cases
through action and awareness
 Smoking accounts for majority of preventable lung cancers, but non-smokers
can take action to lower their risk as well
 Best way to prevent lung cancer is to not smoke & avoid second hand smoke

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS)
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 320* SA men will develop Kaposi Sarcoma
KS is a cancer that causes patches of abnormal tissue to grow under
the skin, in the lining of the mouth, nose and throat or in other organs
Symptoms
 Skin lesions (pink to brown, brown-red or reddish purple)
 A raised or slightly raised bump (nodule) or a flat area
on the skin
 Swelling in the arms, legs and elsewhere due to KS causes
damage to lymph vessels
 Lung, stomach and bowel problems
 Anaemia, as the lesions occasionally bleed slowly
 Before the HIV/AIDS epidemic, KS usually developed slowly.
In HIV/AIDS patients though, the disease moves quickly *National Cancer Registry 2014

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS)
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Reduce the Risk
Avoid known risk factors that raise risk of
HIV infection:
 Risky sexual practices, such as having
unprotected sex
 Using intravenous (IV) needles that have
been used by someone else
Screening
To be sure that a lesion is caused
by KS, the doctor will do a biopsy
to take a small sample of tissue
from the lesion and send it to a
laboratory to be analysed.
Treatment & Prognosis:
• Treatment can be difficult due to immunosuppressed state of many of people affected.
• The doctor will recommend treatment based on patient’s general health, on where the
lesions are, how extensive they are and how many there are.
• For people with AIDS, anti-HIV medications are used against the virus. This can improve the
person’s overall health and help treat KS.
• Outlook for KS depends on the form of the disease.
• About one-third of people with classic KS develop another cancer which can be fatal.

 Blood in your urine
 Blood may change colour of
urine or show up as blood
clots
 Needing to urinate
frequently
 Burning pain when
urinating
 Biggest risk factor is smoking
— it doubles your risk
 Having a family history of
bladder cancer
 Being older than 55
Bladder Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Signs & Symptoms
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Risk Factors
1 in 152* SA men will develop bladder cancer

 Tell your doctor if you
have any symptoms or
are at a high risk
 Investigations are done
based on symptoms
 Tests may include
cystoscopy, biopsy,
laboratory & imaging
tests
 Surgery is the most common
treatment
 Additional treatments may include:
 administering drugs directly into
the bladder
 chemotherapy
 radiation therapy
 Like all cancers, prognosis depends
on finding the cancer early
 For stage I bladder cancer, the 5-year
survival rate is about 90%
Bladder Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Screening
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Treatment & Prognosis

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 1798* SA men will develop Testicular cancer
Testicular cancer is a common cancer in men
between the ages of 15-49
Risk Factors
 Having had an undescended testicle
 Family history of testicular cancer
 HIV infection
 Personal history of testicular cancer
 Age group

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Like any other part of the body,
the testicles can be affected by
various conditions and
diseases, which can lead to
symptoms:
 Lumps (Masses)
 Swelling
 Pain
 Diagnosis of testicular
cancer is done on presence
of symptoms followed by
physical examination and
laboratory & diagnostic
tests
 Survival is good if detected
and treated early
Symptoms Treatment and Prognosis

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
 The testicular self-examination
(TSE) is an easy way for guys
to check their own testicles to
make sure there aren't any
unusual lumps or bumps —
which can be the first sign of
testicular cancer
 Try to do a TSE every month
so you can become familiar
with the normal size and shape
of your testicles, making it
easier to tell if something feels
different or abnormal in future
Cup one testicle at a time using
both hands - best performed
during or after a warm bath or
shower
Examine by rolling the
testicle between thumb and
fingers - use slight pressure
Familiarise yourself with the
spermatic cord and epididymis -
tube like structures that connect on
the back side of each testicle
Feel for lumps, change in size
or irregularities – it’s normal
for one testis to be slightly
larger than the other

Testicular Cancer
Testi-monials
 Testi-monials, a campaign created by HelloFCB
Cape Town for CANSA which is setting out to remove the awkwardness
around talking about testicular cancer, and drive awareness about how
important it is that men not only talk balls but take care of them too
 The campaign features testicles giving their own testi-monials about
cancer and how they have been personally affected. They will give
advice on how to self-examine and help detect signs and symptoms
testimonials.co.za
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

 CANSA also rolls out the
‘MANVan’ initiative through
funds raised from the Hollard
Daredevil event
 This mobile health clinic
provides free health checks,
and support programmes,
as well as raising awareness of
male-specific cancers
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
MANVan

 CANSA offers screening for men at its CANSA Care Centres:
 Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) bloodtest to detect any prostate abnormalities
 Colorectal screening at some Care Centres - Faecal occult blood test that look for
microscopic blood in the faeces, which may be sign of a growth, inflammation/
bleeding in digestive system
 CANSA is in a new partnership with Pharmacy at Spar, offering cancer
risk-reduction screenings at selected Pharmacy at Spar branches.
Professional nursing staff provide a PSA-bloodtest special (R150) in Nov 2019
 CANSA offers counselling and support to men diagnosed. It's as easy as
making an appointment at one of our CANSA Care Centres to see our social
workers, attending one of our support groups or joining our online support
programs like iSurvivor or our CANSA Champions of Hope Facebook group.
What is CANSA doing to help?
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

 CANSA is investing in research in the high incidence of
prostate cancer and is funding the Southern African
Prostate Cancer study (SAPCS) conducted at the University
of Pretoria. This study will contribute to understanding of
prostate cancer risk, disease progression and outcomes
specifically in the South African population.
 CANSA is also coordinating the IRONMAN (International
Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer) study,
funded by Movember Foundation and sponsored by the
Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium. It will contribute
to a large global study of 5000 men, evaluating the
treatment and patient-reported outcomes for men with
advanced prostate cancer
CANSA Research on Men’s Health
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

Help CANSA expand its cancer screening & educational
programmes, please consider making a
donation at any of our CANSA Care
Centres country-wide
or Online at
http://www.cansa.org.za/personal-donation-options/
or Make a donation via
Snapscan or Zapper apps
on your smartphone:
What can you do to help?
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Disclaimer:
Whilst the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) has taken every precaution in
compiling this presentation, neither it, nor any contributor(s) to this presentation can be
held responsible for any action (or the lack thereof) taken by any person or organisation
wherever they shall be based, as a result, direct or otherwise, of information contained in,
or accessed through, this presentation.

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
072 197 9305
071 867 3530
English,
Xhosa, Zulu,
Afrikaans
Sotho, Siswati
#MensHealth
November 2018
AFFECTING MEN IN SA
THE BIG 5 CANCERS

CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2019 English

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CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2019 English