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EST 200, Design and
Engineering
MEC

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Course Outcomes

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Coverage
• Design Process.
• Design Thinking .
• Design Communication.
• Design Engineering.
• Expediency, Economics and Environment.

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Text Books
• Yousef Haik, Sangarappillai
Sivaloganathan, Tamer M. Shahin,
“Engineering Design Process”, Cengage
Learning, 2003, Third Edition, ISBN-10:
9781305253285.
• Voland, G., “Engineering by Design”,
Pearson India, 2014, Second Edition,
ISBN 9332535051.

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Other References
• Philip Kosky, Robert Balmer, William Keat, George
Wise, “Exploring Engineering, Fourth Edition: An
Introduction to Engineering and Design”,
Academic Press 2015, 4th Edition, ISBN:
9780128012420.
• Clive L. Dym, “Engineering Design: A Project-
Based Introduction”, John Wiley & Sons, New York
2009, Fourth Edition, ISBN: 978-1-118-32458-5.
• Nigel Cross, “Design Thinking: Understanding
How Designers Think and Work”, Berg Publishers
2011, First Edition, ISBN: 978-1847886361.
• Pahl, G., Beitz, W., Feldhusen, J., Grote, K.-H.,
“Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach”,
Springer 2007, Third Edition, ISBN 978-1-84628-
319-2.

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Engineering Design
MEC

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Contents
• Definition.
• Components.
• Design Levels.
• Importance and Challenges.
• Failure of Engineering Designs.
• Systematic Design.

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Design
• Wikipedia defines design as :
“A plan or specification for the construction
of an object or system or for the
implementation of an activity or process,
or the result of that plan or specification in
the form of a prototype, product or
process”.
• Designer : A person who produces the
design.

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Definition
• ABET Definition :
- process of devising a system,
component, or process to meet the
desired needs.
- iterative decision making process.
- basic sciences, mathematics, and
engineering sciences applied to
optimally convert resources to meet a
stated objective.
- scientific and creative process.

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Fundamental Elements of
Design Process
• Establishment of objectives and criteria,
synthesis, analysis, construction, testing,
and evaluation.
• Include realistic constraints :
economic factors, safety, reliability,
aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.

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Engineering Design Components
• Development of creativity.
• Use of open-ended problems.
• Development and use of modern design
theory and methodology.
• Formulation of design problem statement
and specifications.
• Production processes.
• Concurrent engineering design.
• Detailed system description.

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Central Activity of
Engineering Design

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Engineering Design

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Design Levels
• Adaptive design, developed design, and new
design.
Adaptive Design :
- if development has practically ceased.
- hardly anything left for the designer.
- only minor modifications.
- adaptation of existing designs.
- Design activity demands no special
knowledge/skill.
- problems easily solved with ordinary
technical training.

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Design Levels
Development Design:
- more scientific training and design ability
needed.
- starts from an existing design.
- final outcome may differ markedly from
the initial product.

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Design Levels
 New Design:
- small in number.
- most difficult level.
- generation of a new concept.
- need mastering all the previous skills.
- creativity and imagination, insight, and
foresight.

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Importance of Engineering Design
• Design as a scientific and a creative
process.
• Most of the input will have to come from
the designer.
• Without a design, there would be no
product !
• Design does not start with an engineering
drawing.

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Importance of Engineering Design
• Final engineering drawing as the ‘lab
report’ of the final design, a method of
communicating the design with others.
• If a product is poorly designed, the end
product still will be a bad idea, may fail.
• No one likes to purchase a bad idea.
• Appearance, reliability and quality of the
item and then price matters for a
consumer.

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Importance of Engineering Design
• Many people willing to pay a bit more if
they see the benefits.
• Design for minimum cost makes a product
competitive in the marketplace.
• Investing money and resources at the
design stage yields the biggest return on
investments.
• Changes can be made easily at design
stage.
• Changes made later are costly.

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Failure of Engineering Designs
• Not all that engineers build has become
successful.
• Occasionally, catastrophic failures occur.
Reason for failures:
• Incorrect/overextended assumptions.
• Poor understanding of the problem.
• Incorrect design specifications.
• Faulty manufacturing and assembly.
• Error in design calculations.

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Failure of Engineering Designs
• Incomplete experimentation.
• Inadequate data collection.
• Errors in drawings.
• Faulty reasoning from good assumptions.
• Many designs that are technical success
and no faults occur still fail to achieve their
desired goals.
• Many achieve them but are not adopted by
the users.

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Engineering Designs
• Designers to have the creative and
technical skills to develop an idea to
become a reality.
• Designers to predict each step of product
life from visualization to realization and
finally to the end of its life cycle and how it
will be disposed of and/or recycled.

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Engineering Designs
• Designers to develop a product that
sponsors will like and fund all the way
down to the distributors, vendors, users,
operators, and society as a whole.
• Predicting whether people will like and use
a product developed by the designer
somewhat of a challenge.
• Systematic design process to guide the
designer to achieve goals with creativity.

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Steps for Systematic Design
• Many factors in engineering design not
based on mathematical models.
• Engineering design process to be
systematic.
 Steps :
• Identifying Customer Requirements.
• Product Concept.
• Solution Concept.
• Embodiment Design.
• Detailed Design.

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Systematic Design
• Design engineer to learn to think
independently, to draw conclusions, and to
combine solutions.
• Understanding, logical deduction, and
judgment acquired only by diligent thinking
and working with prior knowledge.
• Need for imagination to do independent
design.

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Thank You