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11. juvenile training schools

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Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice
Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice

The document discusses the training school system for incarcerating youth in the 19th century and its modern incarnations. It describes the key components of traditional training schools, including living spaces, security, education, and parole. However, it notes that in practice training schools often had poor rehabilitation services, custodial orientations, high violence due to gang subcultures, and antagonism between staff and youth. The document concludes that the future of the training school system may involve downsizing, redesign, or even abolition.

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The Training School System 19TH CENTURY CONGREGATE INSTITUTIONs IN THE 21ST CENTURY 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Perimeter Fence 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Day room guard station 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Dormitory guard station 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Standard Living Unit 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Showers 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Living unit toilets 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Sequoia Treatment Unit 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Sequoia cell block 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Cell door with food slot 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Juvenile Correctional Institutions Key Terms • IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT • SOCIAL HIERARCHY* • WARD SUBCULTURE • CUSTODIAL FACILITY • CUSTODIAL STAFF • TREATMENT STAFF • GENERAL POPULATION • SPECIAL POPULATION • PAROLE BOARD • PAROLE CONSIDERATION DATE • PROGRAMMING 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
COMPONENTS OF A YOUTH TRAINING SCHOOL • LIVING SPACE • SECURITY AND SAFETY • HEALTH CARE • MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT • EDUCATION • VOCATIONAL TRAINING • PAROLE 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
TRAINING SCHOOL PROCESS • JUVENILE COURT COMMITMENT • RECEPTION UNIT • DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENTS • PAROLE CONSIDERATION DATE DETERMINATION • INSTITUTION DESIGNATION • LIVING UNIT ASSIGNMENT • DAILY PROGRAM DETERMINATION • RELEASE DATE BASED ON PERFORMANCE 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
YOUTH TRAINING SCHOOL: WARD HIERARCHY • Shot callers • Gang members • Gang affiliates • Cases/Loners/victims • Punks/Snitches 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
TRAINING SCHOOL DISCIPLINARY PRACTICES • ISOLATION • MECHANICAL RESTRAINT • LOSS OF PRIVILEGES • TIME EXTENSION 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
REALITIES OF TRAINING SCHOOL LIFE • LIMITED REHABILITATION RESOURCES • POOR QUALITY SERVICES • CUSTODIAL ORIENTATION • HIGH RATES OF VIOLENCE/GANG SUBCULTURE • ANTAGONISM BETWEEN STAFF AND YOUTH • ISOLATION FROM YOUTHS FAMILY & COMMUNITY 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Future of the Training School System • Downsizing • Redesign • Abolition 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013

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11. juvenile training schools

  • 1. The Training School System 19TH CENTURY CONGREGATE INSTITUTIONs IN THE 21ST CENTURY 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 2. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 3. Perimeter Fence 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 4. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 5. Day room guard station 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 6. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 7. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 8. Dormitory guard station 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 9. Standard Living Unit 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 10. Showers 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 11. Living unit toilets 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 12. Sequoia Treatment Unit 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 13. Sequoia cell block 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 14. Cell door with food slot 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 15. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 16. Juvenile Correctional Institutions Key Terms • IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT • SOCIAL HIERARCHY* • WARD SUBCULTURE • CUSTODIAL FACILITY • CUSTODIAL STAFF • TREATMENT STAFF • GENERAL POPULATION • SPECIAL POPULATION • PAROLE BOARD • PAROLE CONSIDERATION DATE • PROGRAMMING 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 17. COMPONENTS OF A YOUTH TRAINING SCHOOL • LIVING SPACE • SECURITY AND SAFETY • HEALTH CARE • MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT • EDUCATION • VOCATIONAL TRAINING • PAROLE 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 18. TRAINING SCHOOL PROCESS • JUVENILE COURT COMMITMENT • RECEPTION UNIT • DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENTS • PAROLE CONSIDERATION DATE DETERMINATION • INSTITUTION DESIGNATION • LIVING UNIT ASSIGNMENT • DAILY PROGRAM DETERMINATION • RELEASE DATE BASED ON PERFORMANCE 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 19. YOUTH TRAINING SCHOOL: WARD HIERARCHY • Shot callers • Gang members • Gang affiliates • Cases/Loners/victims • Punks/Snitches 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 20. TRAINING SCHOOL DISCIPLINARY PRACTICES • ISOLATION • MECHANICAL RESTRAINT • LOSS OF PRIVILEGES • TIME EXTENSION 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 21. REALITIES OF TRAINING SCHOOL LIFE • LIMITED REHABILITATION RESOURCES • POOR QUALITY SERVICES • CUSTODIAL ORIENTATION • HIGH RATES OF VIOLENCE/GANG SUBCULTURE • ANTAGONISM BETWEEN STAFF AND YOUTH • ISOLATION FROM YOUTHS FAMILY & COMMUNITY 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 22. Future of the Training School System • Downsizing • Redesign • Abolition 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013