1. Human exposure to Household Pesticides: Safety Concerns Including Endocrine Disruption Effects By Michael Hansen, Ph.D. Consumers Union of U.S. For Fringe Meeting at CI World Congress 2007 Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Safety Campaign Sydney, Australia October 29, 2007

9. Menegaux, F et al. 2006. Household exposure to pesticides and risk of childhood acute leukamia . Occupational and Environmental Medicine , 63: 131-134 . Conclusion: The results reported herein support the hypothesis that various types of insecticide exposure may be a risk factor for childhood acute leukemia. The observed association with insecticidal shampoo treatment of pediculosis . . . requires further study. Home pesticide use during pregnancy or childhood was associated with childhood acute leukemia in the six studies which investigated that exposure

10. Rauh, VA, Garfinkel, R, Perera, FP, Andrews, HF, Hoepner, L, Barr, DB, Whitehead, R, Tang, D and RW Whyatt. 2006. Impact of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life Among Inner-City Children . Pediatrics , 118(6): e1845-e1859 “ detectable levels of chlorpyrifos were found in 99.7% of personal air samples and 100% of indoor air samples . . . Chlorpyrifos was also detected in 64% to 70% of blood samples collected from mothers and newborns at delivery. . . . Experimental work showed links between chlorpyrifos exposure and neurocognitive development in rats.”

11. Permethrin report. July 2007. TEDX (The Endocrine Disruptor Exchange). At: http://www.endocrinedisruption.com/files/permethrin_report_9-07.pdf Looked at 108 scientific journal articles on potential health effects of permethrin One study suggested that the products permethrin breaks down into may be 100 times more potent with regards to endocrine disruption than permethrin itself. . . In 2006 the EPA also classified permethrin as “likely to be carcinogenic in humans”, based on mouse studies showing evidence of lung and liver tumors related to permethrin. The toxicity of permethrin was shown to be greatly enhanced when used in combination with DEET. Given this, we recommend that serious consideration be given to risks and benefits of using DEET as an insect repellent in areas where permethrin is used.

12. Lu, C, Toepel, K, Irish, R, Fenske, RA, Barr, DB, and R Bravo. 2006. Organic diets significantly lower children’s dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. Environmental Health Perspectives , 114(2): 260-263. “In conclusion, we were able to demonstrate that an organic diet provides a dramatic and immediate protective effect against exposures to organophosphorus pesticides that are commonly used in agricultural production.” Figure 1. Box plots of daily volume-weighted average of malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA) concentrations in 23 children ages 3-11 for 15 consecutive days in which conventional and organic diets were consumed.

13. Lu, C, Toepel, K, Irish, R, Fenske, RA, Barr, DB, and R Bravo. 2006. Organic diets significantly lower children’s dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. Environmental Health Perspectives , 114(2): 260-263. Figure 2. Box plots of daily volume-weighted average of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY; a chlorpyrifos metabolite) concentrations in 23 children ages 3-11 for 15 consecutive days in which conventional and organic diets were consumed.

14. Lu, C, Barr, DB, Pearson, M, Bartelli, S and R Bravo. 2006. A longitudinal approach to assessing urban and suburban children’s exposure to pyrethroid pesticides. Environmental Health Perspectives , 114(9): 1419-1423. Study found association between parents reported use of pyrethroids in the residential environment and elevated pyrethroid metabolite levels in their children’s urine. Diet and age of child also had an affect on metabolite levels in urine, but affect not as strong as for residential use.

15. Richard, S, Moslemi, S, Sipahutar, H, Benachour, N and G-E Seralini. 2005. Differential effects of glyphosate and Roundup on Human Placental Cells and Aromatase . Environmental Health Perspectives , 113(6): 716-720 Conclusion: Our studies show that glyphosate acts as a disruptor of mammalian cytochrome P450 aromatase activity from concentrations 100 times lower than the recommended use in agriculture. . . The dilution of glyphosate in Roundup formulation may multiply its endocrine effect. Roundup may be thus considered as a potential endocrine disruptor. Moreover, at a higher doses still below the classical agricultural dilutions, its toxicity on placental cells could induce some reproduction problems.