2. > 17% of the world’s human & 11% livestock
population and counting
4.2% of the world’s water
2.4% of the world’s area
142 m ha cultivated & 60 m ha net irrigated
138% cropping intensity
52% of population earns livelihood in agriculture
14.7% contribution in GDP
10.5% earning of total exports
India Today….
(Government of India
Ministry of Agriculture, 2010-11)
3. Y = 4 t/ha..
* KBS
Traditional
Farming
(Early 1900s)
Mechanization
(1960s)
Green Revolution
(1970s)
Biotechnology Era
(2000s)
Technology Convergence (21st
century)
Y = < 0.5 t/ha,
Feudalism
Y = >0.5 t/ha,
Land Reforms
Y = >1 t/ha,
Co-operatives
Y = >1.5 t/ha,
HRD/ Technological
Break Through
* Knowledge based Society
Distinct Transitions:
History of Agriculture
4. INDIA IN WORLD FOOD BASKET….
Commodity
Present
Annual
Production
, mt
Rank in
the
World
Demand
by 2020,
mt
Food grain 257 III 284
Pulses 17.2 I 22
Oilseeds 30 V 68
Horticultu
re Produce
234 II 336
Milk 127 I 152
Meat 6.8 V 11
Eggs
(billion
no.)
65 III 88
Fish 8.3 II 12 Govt. Of India, Ministry of
Agriculture, 2012-13
6. HAVE YOU EVER IMAGINED BEFORE EATING YOUR
PIZZA HOW MANY AGRICULTURE PROFESSIONALS
ARE ENGAGED?
7.
8.
9. ECONOMIC CONDITION OF FARMERS IN INDIA
The average Indian farm
family works 80 hours per
week, and earns about
$3000.00 in a year.
The average monthly
income per capita from
farming increased from
Rs 1,060 in 2003 to Rs
3,844 in 2013 (NSSO
report), a compounded
annual income growth
rate of 13.7%.
An American farmer
earns $60000.00 in a
year working 80 hours
per week.
To double the income of
farmers by 2022, in
(numerical) terms would
require a 15%
compounded income
growth rate, which is a
marginal increase over
the achieved increase
from 2003 to 2013.
11. Sl.
No.
Size-Group
Percentage of number
of operational
holdings to total
Percentage
of area
operated to
total
1 Marginal
(below 1.00
ha.)
67.10 22.50
2 Small (1.00
- 2.00 ha.)
17.91 22.08
3 Semi-
medium
(2.00 - 4.00
ha.)
10.04 23.63
4 Medium
(4.00 -
10.00 ha.)
4.25 21.20
5 Large
(10.00 ha.
& above)
0.70 10.59
Land Holding Statistics
(Government of India
Ministry of Agriculture, 2010-11)
12. Misery of Indian Farmers:
Very high percentage of workforce involved in agriculture
Poor infrastructural facilities
Huge population leading to scarcity of resources
Inequality in prevailing socio-economic conditions
Low productivity
Over dependency on monsoon
Dividend agricultural land
Less mechanization and
Low literacy rate etc.
13. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
INCREASING INCOMES OF
FARMERS
1. Increasing incomes by improving productivity
2. Water and Agri-Input policies
3.Integrated Farming System and Dairy Husbandry
4. Better market price realization
5. Special Policy Measures
(IFCN Dairy Report, 2014)
Livestock formed a major component of poverty alleviation
strategy of Government of India (Datt and Sundaram
2007).
14. INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM APPROACH
Increasing incomes of small and marginal farmers by improving
productivity through Promotion of Integrated farming system
approach.
It involves synergic blending of crops, horticulture, dairy, fisheries,
poultry, etc. seems viable option to provide regular income and at site
employment to small land holder, decreasing cultivation cost through
multiple use of resources and providing much needed resilience for
predicted climate change scenario.
15. DAIRY/ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Dairy husbandry is a boon for small farmers, as a family with three
cows or buffaloes can earn an annual income of Rs.up to 1.0 lac, while
conserving our precious native breeds.
With stall-fed, high yielding animals, the dung availability will increase
by 3 to 4 times, giving a boost to biogas and agricultural production.
Dairying is one of the most important means of providing livelihood and
nutritional security to the rural masses.
16. SCENARIO OF DAIRY PRODUCTION IN INDIA
Livestock plays an important
role in socio-economic life of
India. It is a rich source of high
quality foods such as milk,
meat and eggs.
India with the total milk
production of 142 million
tonnes (2015-16) is the world's
highest milk-producing country
accounted for about 17% of the
world milk production.
It is the world’s largest
consumer of dairy products,
consuming almost 100 per cent
of its own milk production.
Livestock contributes 8% to GDP
of India.
Livestock is the life line of Indian
Agro-based economy.
India being an agro- based
country; animal agriculture is the
main sideline sector that
contribute more than 28% to agro
GDP including poultry.
Value of output from milk group is
highest among all the agricultural
commodities, accounting for
nearly one fourth of the value of
output from agricultural sector.
17. Which is India’s
number one farm
crop by value?
• Paddy
• Wheat
• Milk
•For certain parts of the world, milk production value accounts for more than 20% of the
total agricultural value; namely in the following countries:
New Zealand (35%)
Finland (26%)
India (24%)
Luxembourg (23%)
Estonia (23%)
Switzerland (21%)
Latvia (20%) (FAO,2010)
18. IMPORTANCE OF DAIRYING
Source of subsidiary income
Source of fast/quick income
Source of organic manure
Dairy farming-The rural cash flow
Source of fuel for domestic purposes
Source of draught power for farm operations
Employment generation throughout
the year
Utilization of Agri by-products
Lesser dependency on climate in comparison
to agriculture.
21. ANALYSIS OF STRENGTHS AND
OPPORTUNITIES OF DAIRY FARMING
BUSINESS
Strengths
The never depleting vast livestock population of the country
and a sustainable livestock production system.
Due to low milk productivity of our animals, there is a vast
scope for improvement of the milk production.
Purchasing power of the consumers is on the upswing with
growing economy & continually increasing population of
middle class.
Milk consumption in India is regular part of the dietary
programme irrespective of the region and religion and
hence demand is likely to rise continuously.
22. CONTINUING...
Indian dairy farming thrives largely on crop residues and
agricultural by-products keeping the input costs low.
Labour cost is also fairly low making the industry fairly cost
competitive.
Industry continues to grow and the margins are still fairly
reasonable.
Vast pool of highly trained and qualified technical
manpower is available at all levels to support R&D as well
as industry operations.
23. Opportunities
Expanding market will see creation of enormous job
and self employment opportunities.
With the growing economy the investment
opportunities are also increasing continually.
Demand for dairy products is income elastic.
Continued rise in middle class population will see
shift in the consumption pattern in favour of value
added products besides the growth in demand for
liquid milk.
Greatly improved export potential for indigenous as
well as western milk products.
24. INTERESTING BUT WE NEVER
IMAGINE
It’s livestock which converts
weeds into feeds and feeds
into foods.
It’s livestock which works
24/7/365 for farmers.
25. STARTING OF A DAIRY FARM ENTRPRISE
(FARM MODEL OF DAIRY UNIT OF 10 SAHIWAL
COWS)
26. BEFORE STARTING A DAIRY FARM PLAN FIRST
1. Research species and breed
2. Decide on a food source
3. Create a breeding plan
4. Study farming practices
5. Invest in capital
6. Find a good source for animals
7. Research the local milk market
8. Contact the government
9. Create a business plan
27. TECHNO-FINANCIAL ASSUMPTIONS
TO BE MADE:
Species & Breed of animal:
Whether cattle/buffalo of
Gir/Murrah or any other breed.
Purchase of animals: 2nd
lactation and in 2-3 batches.
Cost of animals: Will vary a/c
to breed and milk yield.
Milk production: Crossbred
dairy cows: (10
litres/day/animal).
Milk sale price: Rs. 40/litre
Floor space requirement: 50-
60 sq.ft/adult animals (closed),
100-120 sq.ft/adult animal (open),
20-30 sq.ft/calf (closed) & 40-60
sq.ft/calf (open).
Housing: Animal shed: 500/sq. ft,
Office and other buildings:
1000/sq. ft respectively.
Lactation length: 300 days
Dry period: 100 days
Mortality: 3% in Adult animals
while <10% in case of Calves.
28. TECHNO-FINANCIAL ASSUMPTIONS TO BE
MADE : CONTINUATION...
Feeding/Ration : Green
fodder(20-25 kg/animal/day)-
available in farm
land/(Rs.250/Quintal).
Dry fodder (3-4 kg/animal/day)-
available in farm land.
Concentrate (3 kg/animal/day-
milking animal) - Rs. 1,000/quintal.
Concentrate (1 kg/animal/day-dry
animal).
Cultivable land for fodder
production: 1 acre land will
support fodder production for 4
adult animals throughout year.
Depreciation: 5% on animal
shed/buildings and 10% on
farm machineries and
equipments, respectively.
Bull:1bull for service/Artificial
insemination technique.
Labour:5,000/month/labour. (1
labour for 10 cow other than
home labour support).
Veterinary aid: 500/cow or
buffalo/year.
Loan : 75% of the fixed cost.
Interest: 10%/year.
29.
30. BASICS TO RUN A DAIRY FARM EFFICIENTLY
1. Mark each individual animal-Ear tagging is safest method.
2. Control the spread of disease- Regular Vaccination & Deworming.
3. Give the animal proper nutrition- Provide Balanced ration.
4. Milk the animal frequently: Will increase the milk yield up to 20-
25%.
5. Understand the breeding cycle- Breed female animals regularly.
6. Plan for changes in herd- By Selling, Slaughtering or Keeping an
animal in herd respectively.
4 Tools/Pillars for Efficient Dairy Farm Management are:
FEEDING
BREEDING HOUSING
HEALTH
CARE
31. FEEDING
Concentrate must be feed individually according to production requirements. Feed 1 kg of
concentrates per 2-3 litres of milk production.
Regularity in feeding should be followed. Concentrate mixture can be fed at or preferably
before milking while the roughage ration can be fed after milking.
High yielding animals may be fed three times a day (both roughage and concentrate).
Abrupt change in the feed should be avoided.
Highly moist and tender grasses may be wilted or mixed with straw before feeding.
Legume fodders may be mixed with straw or other grasses to prevent the occurrence of
bloat and indigestion.
For high yielding animals, the optimum concentrate roughage ratio on dry matter basis
should be 60:40.
Daily 30 g of common salt and 30 g of mineral mixture should be given to the dairy
cattle.
36. HEALTH CARE
Vaccination
schedule
Cattle Management is the Key to Herd's
Health
1.Biosecurity-Keep contagious diseases off your
farm is by keeping a closed herd. Avoid bringing in
new cattle unless they are disease-free.
2.Nutrition-An adequate and balanced diet is the
cornerstone of cattle health. Each class of animal-
needs a sufficient amount of balanced food and
minerals to meet its particular needs.
3.Vaccination-Develop an appropriate vaccination
schedule for your herd to prevent the most prevalent
or devastating diseases in your region.
4.Parasite Control-Parasitic burden, both internal
and external, results in lower weaning weights in
calves, less milk production, less efficient immune
system, and lower reproduction rates.
38. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE AVAILABLE
FROM BANKS
NABARD LOANS FOR DAIRY FARMING
Loan from banks with refinance facility from NABARD is available for starting
dairy farming. For obtaining bank loan, the farmers should apply to the nearest
branch of a commercial bank, regional rural bank or co-operative bank in their
area in the prescribed application form which is available in the branches of
financing banks.
For dairy schemes with very large outlays, detailed project reports will have to
be prepared.
DAIRY PLUS SCHEME FOR FINANCING DAIRY UNITS (SBI)
Purpose: For construction of shed, purchase of milch animals, milking machine, chaff
cutter or any other equipment required for the purpose.
Individual farmers (<65 Years of age) who are members of the milk procuring societies
are eligible for loan.
AGRICULTURE FINANCE DAIRY FARMING - IDBI BANK DAIRY LOANS
Individuals and group of farmers experienced in Dairy farming and are actively engaged
in such activities are eligible for loans.
Extent of Exposure: Min. Rs. 20,000 and Max. Rs. 10 lakh.
39. IMPACT OF DAIRY INDUSTRY
Social impact
Economic impact
Impact on infrastructure
Impact on improved food aid security and
nutrition.
41. Gujarat Woman Milking Millions in Dairy Den
VADODARA: Ramilaben Govindbhai Patel hasn't been to college. But
at 43, she earns what some CEOs take home.
She milks cows every day and supplies milk to a dairy co-operative.
She milked Rs 1.10 crore - Rs 1,10,17,675 - net profit in 2011-12, to
be precise.
At Pentarpura village in Sabarkantha district, Ramilaben's dairy farm
churns out 5.55 lakh litres of milk per annum.
Ramilaben is an inspiration to other women in Gujarat who are the
backbone of the dairy industry. Out of the total 16,117 milk societies,
2,124 are run by women. Of the 31.8 lakh members in 15 district
unions, 8.2 lakh are women.
42. CONTINUATION...
Hi-tech Dairy Farming at Nag Khurd Becomes a Role Model for Farmers:
Two brothers of Nag Khurd village near Majitha have become a role model for
the people of their area due to hi-tech methods adopted by them at their dairy
farm, resulting in an increased income.
Ravi Inder Singh (33) and Preet Inder Singh (30), sons of Harjinder Singh,
said encouraged by the government’s initiatives towards boosting agriculture-
related allied activities, they decided to go in for dairy farming. They now have
225 cows and our daily milk production touches 2,700 litres,”
Her Success Story Began With Just 1 Cow: VADODARA: Parvati Patel
started milking the only cow that the family had and pouring milk at Soldhara's
milk society. At present her farm having 30 cows and 15 heifers.
For the past 22 years, she is heading Soldhara's milk society, entirely run by
women. And since 2000, she is director of Valsad District Co-operative Milk
Producers Union Limited, popularly known as Vasudhara Dairy.
