2. HYDRO
POWER
• For many centuries, hydropower had been used to
produce mechanical power to perform a range of
activities, including grain milling, textile processing,
and other light industrial operations.
• A great part of the industrial revolution in the 18th
century was “fueled” by access to hydropower.
3. ADVANTAGES
• A big advantage of hydroelectric power is the ability
to quickly and readily vary the amount of power
generated, depending on the load presented at that
moment.
• It utilizes a renewable energy source as “fuel”
(water)
• Generation process is environmentally clean
• High reliability
4. DISADVANTAGES
• It requires large initial investments
• Long transmission lines
• Social and environmental impacts for large-scale
schemes
8. • A dam is a barrier that stops or
restricts the flow of surface water
or underground streams.
Reservoirs created by dams not
only suppress floods but also
provide water for activities such as
irrigation, human consumption,
industrial use, aquaculture, and
navigability.
DAMS
9. • Penstocks are pipes or long
channels that carry water
down from the hydroelectric
reservoir to the turbines inside
the actual power station.
Generally, they are made of
steel and water under high
pressure flows through the
penstock.
PENSTOCK
10. • Spillways are structures
that either form part of a
dam, or are found just
beside one. They are used,
when a reservoir is full, to
pass floodwater safely, and
in a controlled way, over a
dam, around it or through
it. Next time you visit a
dam, look for its spillway.
SPILLWAY
11. • A turbine is a machine that
transforms rotational
energy from a fluid that is
picked up by a rotor system
into usable work or energy.
Turbines achieve this either
through mechanical gearing
or electromagnetic induction
to produce electricity.
TURBINE
12. • A machine that converts
one form of energy into
another, especially
mechanical energy into
electrical energy, as a
dynamo, or electrical
energy into sound, as an
acoustic generator. a
person or thing that
generates. Chemistry. an
apparatus for producing a
gas or vapor.
GENERATOR
13. • A transformer is a
passive component that
transfers electrical
energy from one
electrical circuit to
another circuit, or
multiple circuits.
TRANSFORMER
14. • In electrical engineering, a
transmission line is a
specialized cable or other
structure designed to conduct
electromagnetic waves in a
contained manner. The term
applies when the conductors
are long enough that the wave
nature of the transmission
must be taken into account.
TRANSMISSION LINES
16. TIDAL
POWER
• Tidal energy (or tidal power) is a form of
hydropower, that uses water to create energy.
Tidal energy converts the energy obtained from
tidal movement into electric power using tidal
generators. Tidal power was first conceived in
the 1970s, during the oil crisis, when there was an
initial emphasis on developing alternative
energy sources to distance the U.S. and Europe
from the volatility of the oil markets.
17. CAUSE OF
TIDES
• Tides refer to the rise and fall of our oceans’
surfaces. It is caused by the attractive forces of
the Moon and Sun’s gravitational fields as well
as the centrifugal force due to the Earth’s spin.
• The Moon, although much smaller than the Sun,
is much closer. Now, gravitational forces
decrease rapidly as the distance between two
masses widen. Thus, the Moon’s gravity has a
larger effect on tides than the Sun. In fact, the
Sun’s effect is only about half that of the Moon’s.
18. GENERATION OF
TIDAL ENERGY
• Tidal power is taken from the Earth's oceanic
tides. Tidal forces are periodic variations in
gravitational attraction exerted by celestial
bodies.
• Due to the strong attraction to the oceans, a
bulge in the water level is created, causing a
temporary increase in sea level.
19. ADVANTAGES
• It is an inexhaustible source of energy.
• Tidal energy is environment-friendly energy
and doesn’t produce greenhouse gases.
• As 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water,
there is scope to generate this energy on large
scale.
• We can predict the rise and fall of tides as they
follow a cyclic fashion.
• Efficiency of tidal power is far greater as
compared to coal, solar, or wind energy. Its
efficiency is around 80%.
• Although the cost of construction of tidal
power is high maintenance costs are relatively
low.
20. DISADVANTAGES
• Cost of construction of tidal power plants is high.
• There are very few ideal locations for the
construction of plants and they too are localized to
coastal regions only.
• Intensity of sea waves is unpredictable and there
can be damage to power generation units.
• Influences aquatic life adversely and can disrupt the
migration of fish.
• The actual generation is for a short period of time.
The tides only happen twice a day so electricity can
be produced only for that time.
• Frozen seas, low or weak tides, straight shorelines,
and low tidal rise or fall are some of the
obstructions.
21. E N V I R O N M E N T A L I M P A C T S O F
T I D A L E N E R G Y
• The main environmental concerns with tidal
energy are from the turbine blades striking or
entangling marine organisms, as higher speed
flowing water increases the risk of organisms
being pulled near or through these devices.
• As with all offshore renewable energies, there is
also a concern about how the creation of
electromagnetic fields and acoustic outputs may
affect marine organisms.
22. USES
• Tidal Electricity- Like other forms of
Energy, the main usage of Tidal
Energy is in the generation of
Electricity. Tidal Energy is being used
in France to generate 240MW of Tidal
Electricity at very low costs.
• Grain Mills- Tidal Energy has been
used for hundreds of years. Just like
Wind Mills, Tidal Energy was used
for the mechanical crushing of grains
in Grains Mills.
• Energy Storage- Tidal Energy can
also be used as a store of Energy.
Like many of the hydroelectric dams
which can be used a large Energy
Storage, so Tidal Barrages with their
reservoirs can be modified to store
energy.
• Provide Protection to Coast in High
Storms- Tidal Barrages can prevent
Damage to the Coast during High
Storms and also provide an easy
transport method between the 2
arms of a Bay or an Estuary on
which it is built.
23. H O W T I D A L E N E R G Y C O M P A R E S
W I T H O T H E R R E N E W A B L E S
• Tidal stream generators draw
energy from water currents in much
the same way as wind turbines
draw energy from air currents.
• While the initial cost of building tidal
energy plants is high, tidal energy
power plants are expected to run for
a very long time, which make them
more cost-effective in the long run.
24. R E F E R E N C E S
• https://www.davuniversity.org/images/files/study-
material/tidal%20energy_CHL457.pdf
• http://esc.fsu.edu/documents/lectures/fall2006/EML4450L26.pdf
