2. HISTORY
The term ORTHOPAEDICS was coined in 1741 by
Nicolas Andre.
2 Greek words
Orthos — straight
Paidios --- child
Ancient Egyptians carried out Splinting,
splints were made of bamboo and the reed
padded with linen.
These generation used Crutches too
4. HIPPOCRATES
The father of medicine 450 B.C
Described various reduction maneuvers
Principles of traction and counter-traction
Correction of clubfoot deformity
The Hippocratic method of shoulder reduction; is
still used for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation
5. GALEN
Father of sports medicine
He described Musculoskeletal and Nervous system
He coined term “KYPHOSIS, SCOLIOSIS”
6. THE MODERN ERA
There was rapid developments in Medical Science
during Industrial revolution of Europe and so was
Orthopaedics also.
-Better control of infections
-Introduction of novel technology
-Invention of Xray in 1895 by WILHEM
RONTGEN, Germany.
In 1942 Austin Moore performed 1st metal hip
arthroplasty
8. Invention of microscope, 1648 by Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
Invention of micro-organism by Louis Pasteur
In 1842, Crawford Long discovered ether.
In 1846, William T.G. Morton publicly demonstrated
the use of ether.
Before that, manipulations in orthopaedics used to
be very crude and painful. Patients were made
unconscious by giving alchol or even hit on head.
10. Joseph Lister first promoted the
idea of sterilization and sterile
surgery.
1942, Alexander Fleming
discovered penicillin.
11. In 1958, AO group (Association of Ostosynthesis)
also known as Association for the Study of Internal
Fixation (ASIF).
They are dedicated to improving the care of people
with musculoskeletal injuries and their sequelae
through research, development, education and
quality assurance in the principles, practice and
result of fracture treatment.
Key people of the AO group:
Maurice Edmond Muller, Robert Schneider,
Hans Willenegger, Martin Allgöwer.
12. Surgeons who have focused on Orthopedic
surgeries in India:
Dr. R J Katrak,
Dr. N S Narasimha Aiyar
Dr. S R Chandra
Dr. Mukhopadhaya
Dr. K S Grewal
13. Orthopedic surgery pioneer from Assam:
Dr. Shiba Boruah
Dr. Hema Gogoi
Dr. Nandi Purkayastha
Dr. Biswajit Boruah
Dr. Ronen Chakrabarty
Earlier orthopedic was practiced under general
surgery.
14. HUGH OWEN THOMAS
He is considered as father of Orthopaedic surgery
in UK started formal
Orthopaedic training
He advocated enforced-
rest as the best remedy-
for fractures and
Tuberculosis
15. THOMAS SPLINT
This stabilizes fracture Femur and helpful in
transportation of patient
16. THOMAS COLLAR;
-To treat tuberculosis of Cervical Spine
THOMAS TEST;
-A method of detecting hip deformity
THOMAS WRENCH;
-helpful in reducing fractures
18. Roberts Jones and Hugh Owen Thomas are the
pioneer in providing institutional formal training of
orthopaedics surgeon comprising physician UK and
USA.
They are the 1st group of surgeon who dedicated
their whole life for orthopaedic practice
19. INTRODUCTION
Orthopaedics is the branch of surgery concerned
with conditions involving the;
-Musculoskeletal Trauma
-Sports injuries
-Spine diseases
-Degenerative diseases
-Infections
-Tumors
-Congenital deformities
- joints problem
20. ANATOMICAL PLANES
1. Sagittal
2. Coronal
3. Transverse
TERMINOLOGY
1.Genu; Pertains to knee
2.Cubitus; Pertains to the elbow
3.Coxa; Pertains to Hip
21. FRACTURE
DEFINITION: It is a break in the continuity of a
bone
radiologically ------- Uni-or Bicortical break
22. FRACTURE REPAIR
It is a systemic and organised cascade of regenerative
tissue formation with influence of local and systemic
factors.
28. In case of any suggestions/Questions kindly
message/contact on
Mob: +919435031719
Email: drbipulborthakur@gmail.com
drbborthakur@rediffmail.com
THANK YOU….
