Healthcare and medicine are being revolutionized by communications and computational resources. Understanding how the convergence of these enabling technologies is advancing our ability to get and stay well is the topic of this presentation.

1. IT and Healthcare

2. Information Technology and
Healthcare

3. What is IT?

4. What is IT?
• Information Technology
• Computers
• Internet
• Databases
• Search
• Websites
• Mobile
• Communications
• Artificial Intelligence
• Cloud Computing
• Wearables:
• Google glass/Apple watch

5. IT Marriage
• Convergence of:
• Computers
• Communications
• Moore’s law
• Network Effects
• Exponential growth

6. Computers
• Computational Power
• Speed
• Cost
• Storage
• Programs
• Apps
• GUIs
• Sensors
• Moore’s law

7. Communications
• Claude Shannon
– Communications Theory
– Representation as data
• Telephony
• Radio
• Broadcast
• Cellular
• Internet
• Web
• Wi-fi
• Mobile

8. Network Effects
• Metcalfe's law states
that the value of a
telecommunications
network is proportional
to the square of the
number of connected
users of the system.
• "compatible
communicating
devices"

9. Enabling Technologies, Convergence,
and Exponential Growth
• Moore’s Law
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=E9wFXHYJgdo
• Limits of Moore’s Law
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=bm6ScvNygUU
Exponential technologies
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=nUWosx9lJ4o

10. What is Healthcare?

11. Healthcare
The maintenance and
improvement of
physical and mental
health, esp. through the
provision of medical
services.
•Patients
•Providers
•Payers
•Public Health

12. Healthcare and Information
Technology
• Medical
Records/Information
• Telemedicine
• Personalized Medicine
– Diagnostics
– Therapeutics
• Public health
– Epidemiology
– Pandemics
– CDC WHO

13. Medical Records
• History
• Medications
• Error Reduction
• Risk Management
• Portability
• Privacy
• HIPPA
• Genetic profile
• Personalized medicine
• The Quantified Self
• Google Glass

14. Medical Records and Informatics

15. Electronic Medical Records EMR

16. Google Glass in Boston
• The medical community has been quick to
embrace Glass. Hospitals and doctors across the
US have been testing it to conduct remote
consultations with specialists, for example,
record live-videos during surgery for instruction,
or provide quick access to patients’ charts, vital
stats, doctors’ notes and other medical
information--all without having to use their
hands to operate a computer.
• Electronic Medical Record and Clinical Decision
Support System

17. Patient Risk Management
• Help, or at least do no
harm.
– Hippocrates
• Toxicity
• Only dose makes the
poison
• How medications
interact

18. Telemedicine
• Remote Areas
• Access to Experts and
Specialists
• Emergency Care
• Expert Systems
• AI

19. Medical Imaging
• Radiology
• Non-invasive diagnosis

20. Types of Imaging
• Ultrasound
• Electromagnetic Waves
– X Ray
– CAT
• Radioactivity
– PET
• Electromagnetism
– MRI
– fMRI

21. Genomics
• Genetic Sequencing
• Predictive
• Proactive
• Personalized Medicine
• Targeted therapies
• the branch of molecular
biology concerned with
the structure, function,
evolution, and mapping
of genomes.

22. IT Enabled
• Genomics
• Exome
• Proteomics
• Metabolics
• Signaling
• Structure and Context

23. VA MVP
• VA Million Veteran Program to sequence the
genomes of one million veterans
• http://www.research.va.gov/MVP/media.cfm
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=GYAp6uvXxjA

24. Robotics
• Prosthetics
• Surgery
– DaVinci

25. Personalized Medicine
• Predictive
• Diagnostics
• Therapeutics
• Monitor
• Genomics
• Proteomics
• Toxicity

26. The Quantified Self
A movement to incorporate
technology into data
acquisition on aspects of a
person's daily life in terms of
inputs (e.g. food consumed,
quality of surrounding air),
states (e.g.
mood, arousal, blood oxygen
levels), and performance
(mental and physical). Such
self-monitoring and self-
sensing, which combines
wearable sensors (EEG, ECG,
video, etc.) and wearable
computing

27. The Quantified Self
• Nike fuel Band
• Fit Bit
• Google Glass
• Apple watch

28. Public Health
• Big Data
• Modeling
• Research
– NIH NCI
• Epidemiology
– CDC
• Pandemic
• Viruses bird flu
– Super bugs
• Food Supplies/air water
• Smallpox
• Polio
• Surveillance 4M door to door
• Malaria

29. Medical Research
• Government
– NIH NCI
– National Science
Foundation
• Research Universities
• Research Hospitals
– Mayo, MD Anderson,
• DARPA
• Philanthropy
– Gates Foundation
• Literature
• Clinical Trials

30. Future of Medicine

31. Arthur C. Clarke
• One of [science-
fiction author]
Arthur C. Clarke’s
laws is that any
sufficiently
advanced
technology is
indistinguishable
from magic.

32. IT and technology
• Technology is putting more power in the
hands of patients, and researchers are
learning to combat disorders by harnessing
the body's own ability to heal and grow.

33. Tricorder X Prize
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=1m2267NBVdg
• http://www.qualcommtricorderxprize.org/

34. X Prize
• Envision a future where everyone has access to
affordable, personalized healthcare through
sophisticated sensing technologies that put you in
charge of your own health. Where sensors and devices
recognize and measure your personal health
information, provide insights and recommendations
relevant to you and communicate that information to
your physician. That’s the aim of this competition: a
whole new level of personalized, digital health
information.
• http://nokiasensingxchallenge.org/media/videos/bette
r-data-means-better-health

35. Brain Mapping Project
• The BRAIN Initiative (Brain Research through
Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies, also
referred to as the Brain Activity Map Project) is a
proposed collaborative research initiative
announced by the Obama administration on April
2, 2013, with the goal of mapping the activity of
every neuron in the human brain. Based upon
the Human Genome Project, the initiative has
been projected to cost more than $300 million
per year for ten years

36. Light Switch for Neurons
• https://www.ted.com/talks/ed_boyden
• Ed Boyden shows how, by inserting genes for
light-sensitive proteins into brain cells, he can
selectively activate or de-activate specific
neurons with fiber-optic implants. With this
unprecedented level of control, he's managed
to cure mice of analogs of PTSD and certain
forms of blindness.

37. Thank You