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Rail	
  Vision	
  Day
From	
  caveats	
  to	
  catenaries
Bruce	
  Sawhill,	
  PhD
November	
  18,	
  2015
Making	
  Rail	
  Work
• A	
  great	
  system	
  is	
  a	
  matter	
  of	
  *luck
• *Luck	
  =	
  Preparation	
  meeting	
  opportunity
• Opportunity	
  created	
  by
– Density	
  pattern
– Bad	
  traffic
– Practical	
  options
– A	
  population	
  ready	
  and	
  open	
  to	
  solutions
– Changing	
  State	
  and	
  Federal	
  priorities/regulations
• Solution:	
  	
  Go	
  where	
  you	
  want	
  to	
  go,	
  often
Density
• Not	
  to	
  be	
  confused	
  with	
  population
• A	
  large	
  population	
  can	
  be	
  very	
  spread	
  out	
  
(Jacksonville,	
  Fresno)—both	
  over	
  1M	
  people,	
  very	
  
unsuitable	
  for	
  transit
• Need	
  dense	
  population	
  near	
  a	
  rail	
  line	
  PLUS
• Places	
  to	
  go	
  near	
  a	
  rail	
  line	
  PLUS
• Ways	
  to	
  get	
  to	
  the	
  rail	
  line	
  AND
• A	
  long	
  skinny	
  settlement	
  pattern
• FTA	
  now	
  realizes	
  difference
Density	
  Maps	
  (	
  Fresno)
972,000	
  people
Density	
  Maps	
  (Santa	
  Cruz)
250k	
  people,	
  100+k	
  in	
  mid-­‐County
The	
  Last	
  Mile
• Best	
  if	
  rail	
  goes	
  somewhere,	
   not	
  *near*	
   somewhere.	
   	
  Somewhere	
   =	
  <	
  1	
  
mile,	
  pref.	
  ½	
  mile.	
  (28%	
  SC	
  pop	
  	
  ½	
  mile	
  from	
  RR,	
  50%	
  1	
  mile)
• VTA	
  =	
  What	
  not	
  to	
  do	
  	
  (low	
  ridership,	
   heavy	
  subsidy)	
  
– Traffic	
  so	
  bad,	
  usage	
  becoming	
  decent	
  anyway
– Airport?
– #10,	
  Caltrain,	
  #17	
  to	
  get	
  from	
  SJC	
  to	
  SC
• In	
  our	
  area,	
  this	
  comes	
  up	
  for
– UCSC
– Marine	
  Sciences	
  Campus
– Cabrillo	
  College
– Hospital/Medical	
   Services	
  area
– Harvey	
  West
• Best	
  solution	
  is	
  direct	
  service
• Second	
  best	
  is	
  coordinated	
  bus	
  (UCSC,	
  hospital,	
  Harvey	
  West)
• Serve	
  a	
  smaller	
  number	
  of	
  people	
  well	
  than	
  many	
  poorly	
  (~VTA)
Rail	
  Spurs	
  worth	
  the	
  effort
UCSC	
  -­‐ MS
0.4	
  – 0.5	
  mi Cabrillo	
  College
0.2	
  mi.	
  plus	
  freeway
Over/underpass
A	
  train	
  is	
  a	
  train	
  is	
  a	
  train?
Caltrain:	
  Diesel	
  powered,	
  460	
  tons
Explosion	
  of	
  new	
  options
40-­‐50	
  tons,	
  electric,	
  no	
  locomotive
Light	
  Rail	
  with	
  Streetcar	
  feel-­‐
Low	
  boarding
Rapid	
  acceleration
Rapid	
  entry/exit
Streetcar	
  with	
  Light	
  Rail	
  Feel:
Top	
  Speed	
  65	
  mph
Room	
  for	
  wheelchairs	
  and	
  bikes
New	
  Technology
• Batteries	
  (in	
  use	
  in	
  Dallas,	
  elsewhere)
• Supercapacitors (Europe)
• Hidden	
  3rd rail
• Inductive	
  charging
• Diesel/electric	
  hybrid
• Regenerative	
  braking
• Efficiencies	
  from	
  300-­‐1000	
  mpg/passenger
• PTC
All	
  aboard!

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Rail visionday

  • 1. Rail  Vision  Day From  caveats  to  catenaries Bruce  Sawhill,  PhD November  18,  2015
  • 2. Making  Rail  Work • A  great  system  is  a  matter  of  *luck • *Luck  =  Preparation  meeting  opportunity • Opportunity  created  by – Density  pattern – Bad  traffic – Practical  options – A  population  ready  and  open  to  solutions – Changing  State  and  Federal  priorities/regulations • Solution:    Go  where  you  want  to  go,  often
  • 3. Density • Not  to  be  confused  with  population • A  large  population  can  be  very  spread  out   (Jacksonville,  Fresno)—both  over  1M  people,  very   unsuitable  for  transit • Need  dense  population  near  a  rail  line  PLUS • Places  to  go  near  a  rail  line  PLUS • Ways  to  get  to  the  rail  line  AND • A  long  skinny  settlement  pattern • FTA  now  realizes  difference
  • 4. Density  Maps  (  Fresno) 972,000  people
  • 5. Density  Maps  (Santa  Cruz) 250k  people,  100+k  in  mid-­‐County
  • 6. The  Last  Mile • Best  if  rail  goes  somewhere,   not  *near*   somewhere.    Somewhere   =  <  1   mile,  pref.  ½  mile.  (28%  SC  pop    ½  mile  from  RR,  50%  1  mile) • VTA  =  What  not  to  do    (low  ridership,   heavy  subsidy)   – Traffic  so  bad,  usage  becoming  decent  anyway – Airport? – #10,  Caltrain,  #17  to  get  from  SJC  to  SC • In  our  area,  this  comes  up  for – UCSC – Marine  Sciences  Campus – Cabrillo  College – Hospital/Medical   Services  area – Harvey  West • Best  solution  is  direct  service • Second  best  is  coordinated  bus  (UCSC,  hospital,  Harvey  West) • Serve  a  smaller  number  of  people  well  than  many  poorly  (~VTA)
  • 7. Rail  Spurs  worth  the  effort UCSC  -­‐ MS 0.4  – 0.5  mi Cabrillo  College 0.2  mi.  plus  freeway Over/underpass
  • 8. A  train  is  a  train  is  a  train? Caltrain:  Diesel  powered,  460  tons
  • 9. Explosion  of  new  options 40-­‐50  tons,  electric,  no  locomotive Light  Rail  with  Streetcar  feel-­‐ Low  boarding Rapid  acceleration Rapid  entry/exit Streetcar  with  Light  Rail  Feel: Top  Speed  65  mph Room  for  wheelchairs  and  bikes
  • 10. New  Technology • Batteries  (in  use  in  Dallas,  elsewhere) • Supercapacitors (Europe) • Hidden  3rd rail • Inductive  charging • Diesel/electric  hybrid • Regenerative  braking • Efficiencies  from  300-­‐1000  mpg/passenger • PTC