Oberlander "New Service Models: What the Resource Sharing Community, Strategic Service Options and Workflow Design are Reshaping Library Services Towards"
This presentation was provided by Cyril Oberlander of SUNY Geneseo, during the NISO event "Collaborative Library Resource Sharing: Standards, Developments, and New Models for Cooperating," held October 7 - October 8, 2008.
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Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Oberlander "New Service Models: What the Resource Sharing Community, Strategic Service Options and Workflow Design are Reshaping Library Services Towards"
2. Lending Requirement Assump4ons
1. Lending requests in the ILL system should automa4cally check
the ILS, OpenURL resolver, providing applicable barcodes,
holdings data , and URL with ILL permissions, if applicable. If
not available, automate no with group parameters and local
semng.
2. Load leveling feature can be applied to cancel requests when
B/L ra4o exceeds a given value.
3. Update transfer or shipping for Loans in the ILL system should
pass relevant informa4on (barcode) as needed to check out the
item on the ILS.
4. ILL system should provide shipping labels and communicate
(individually and batched) with shipping system if applicable.
5. Update return of loan using the item barcode or ILL # should
update the ILL system and transfer data back to ILS for update.
ILS responds with message (shelf, transfer, hold or other flag
that item.
More Assump4ons
• Automa4on needs to do more work…
• Detec4ng holdings and policies ‐ for borrowing and
lending, electronic or print 4tles, etc.,
• Enable strategies that reinforce group value; consor4a,
delivery networks, affilia4ons, etc.
• Load Leveling and deflec4on features added to local
systems – take away the desire to charge to limit.
• Add more sources as op4ons that libraries can select, and to
u4lize some sources, add payment flexibility with conversions;
EFTS, IFM, Credit Card, etc.
• Incorporate emergent communica4on tools; Skype for
example could reduce cost of communica4on, adds a new
billing feature, and can transfer files through firewalls.
• Incorporate op4ons that have simple business rules.
• Reevaluate policy & services; overdue, holds, checkout
periods, turnaround 4mes, etc.
Hold the phone…
What are the priori4es and strategic next steps?
User
Needs
Library
Needs
Vendor
Needs
ROI
•Delivery op4ons
•Format op4ons
•Hold op4ons
•Policy op4ons
•Fee op4ons
•Adopt me –
visi4ng library
privileges
•Etc.
What are the deal breakers?
•Development cost
•Protec4ng market share & IP
•Maintenance & Sustainability
•New Customers?
•Service cost
•Impact on workflow
•Expand op4ons:
• Batch
• Un‐mediate
• Mediate only
when needed.
• New sources
• Financial flexibility
(IFM, EFTS, Credit
Card)
•Leverage data
(local/global)
Focus on what MaTers…
Discovery isn’t our problem – Service Delivery is
• “main frustraZon is not with the research discovery services
themselves, but with the problem of subsequently accessing
iden4fied sources and materials.” Research Informa4on Network (2006)
survey of researchers.
• “We now have a situa4on in which users may discover items in
online indexes or online library catalogues then hit a dead end
as far as delivery is concerned. This is a dangerous situa4on for
the role of libraries in general. If libraries collecZvely do not
seek to find ways to get around these dead ends others will.”
Gatenby & Goldner, 2005
Let’s start over…
Knowing what we know today…
•How would you have liked to seen ILL develop?
•What library services would be different?
•How do we transform resource sharing?
•What will be different in 2 years?
What are Requests?
SYLLABICATION: re∙quest
TRANSITIVE VERB: Inflected forms: re∙quest∙ed, re∙quest∙ing, re∙quests
1. To express a desire for; ask for. Oven used with an infini4ve or
clause: requested informa=on about the experiment; requested to
see the evidence firsthand; requested that the bus driver stop at the
next corner.
2. To ask (a person) to do something: The police requested her to
accompany them.
NOUN: 1. The act of asking.
2. Something asked for.
IDIOMS: by request In response to an expressed desire: We are offering these
scarves for sale again by request. in request In great demand: a
pianist in great request. on (or upon) request When asked for:
References are available on request.
ETYMOLOGY: From Middle English requeste, the act of reques4ng, from Old
French, from Vulgar La4n *(rs) requaesita, (thing) requested, from
altera4on of La4n requsta, feminine past par4ciple of requrere, to
ask for. See require.
3. Keeping our eyes on where Requests are taking
us?
SYLLABICATION: re∙quest
TRANSITIVE VERB: Inflected forms: re∙quest∙ed, re∙quest∙ing, re∙quests
1. To express a desire for; ask for. Oven used with an infini4ve or
clause: requested informa=on about the experiment; requested to
see the evidence firsthand; requested that the bus driver stop at the
next corner.
2. To ask (a person) to do something: The police requested her to
accompany them.
NOUN: 1. The act of asking.
2. Something asked for.
IDIOMS: by request In response to an expressed desire: We are offering these
scarves for sale again by request. in request In great demand: a
pianist in great request. on (or upon) request When asked for:
References are available on request.
ETYMOLOGY: From Middle English requeste, the act of reques4ng, from Old
French, from Vulgar La4n *(rs) requaesita, (thing) requested, from
altera4on of La4n requsta, feminine past par4ciple of requrere, to
ask for. See require.
Consor4a view of journal 4tles in LC#
order, with use and # of libraries
Keeping our eyes on where Requests are taking
us?
SYLLABICATION: re∙quest
TRANSITIVE VERB: Inflected forms: re∙quest∙ed, re∙quest∙ing, re∙quests
1. To express a desire for; ask for. Oven used with an infini4ve or
clause: requested informa=on about the experiment; requested to
see the evidence firsthand; requested that the bus driver stop at the
next corner.
2. To ask (a person) to do something: The police requested her to
accompany them.
NOUN: 1. The act of asking.
2. Something asked for.
IDIOMS: by request In response to an expressed desire: We are offering these
scarves for sale again by request. in request In great demand: a
pianist in great request. on (or upon) request When asked for:
References are available on request.
ETYMOLOGY: From Middle English requeste, the act of reques4ng, from Old
French, from Vulgar La4n *(rs) requaesita, (thing) requested, from
altera4on of La4n requsta, feminine past par4ciple of requrere, to
ask for. See require.
• To a user‐centric focal point ‐ where
they want us to be.
• To a point of need – a unique
opportunity.
• Towards a new model – a dialogue &
parZcipatory migraZon plan
Purchase Request
E‐Reserve Request
Rare Materials Scan Request
Special CollecZon DuplicaZon Request
Video Booking Request
Library Services Library Services are are fragmented byfragmented by
Request Request Systems thatSystems that
Reinforce funcZonal divisionsReinforce funcZonal divisions
Service Request – in what context? User Search
& Discovery
Get Op4ons
Find it @
your
Library
or drive to another library,
or ILL from your Library,
or request Library buy it.
Do our service
offerings make
sense?
Sense-making for
us & our users
Context
SensiZve
Workflow
Buying Domain
RenZng
Domain
Borrowing / Library
Domain
Free Domain
Free Domain
6. Looking for other ways to cooperate – the next hurdle…
IDS Project 2006/2007 Data – Unfilled within IDS Libraries…
ArZcles Subscrip4on Cost
79 requests for Early Child development and Care $2,973
57 requests for Terrorism and Poli4cal Violence $610
51 requests for Archives of general psychiatry $490
Loans New Cost
15 requests for Synthesis and op4miza4on of digital circuits $135.69
7 requests for Trea4se on harmony $10.10
6 requests for The pursuit of happiness $3.24
What data and criteria maTer for cooperaZon? How do
we get that data to where it is needed?
•Coordinated Collec4on Development
•Shared Collec4ons, including shared leased collec4ons, floa4ng
collec4ons, shared print repositories all impact ILL
•Workflow and Service opportuni4es
Look beyond our func4onal areas:
Remember Parallel Partnerships
DigiZze on Demand for ILL & Digital Library…
“Small items that are too fragile to circulate on interlibrary loan are usually supplied through a
photocopy. But photocopying oven shortens the life of the original… LOC now scans this
type of material and delivers the images via the Web… A scanned item will be accessible
from this page for at least six months… then be permanently accessible from the Library of
Congress catalog…, and an 856 tag will also be added for the DLC holdings record in
OCLC.”
Digital Interlibrary Loan, Library of Congress:
hkp://www.loc.gov/rr/loan/illscanhome.html
Others doing this…
• Na4onal Library of Australia, for public domain Australian works
that are requested by ILL:
hkp://www.nla.gov.au/policy/digi4sa4on.html
• Europe eTen DoD: hkp://www.uibk.ac.at/ub/dea/eten/
Digital Library & ILL partnerships conZnue to grow
Digi4zing and Prin4ng – Borrowing op4ons for medium rare
Print on Demand ‐ a solu4on to rare material ILL, or another acquisi4ons program?
There are over 12K books from the Michigan Historical Reprint Series in Amazon; prices
range between $12‐$43.
“Print‐on‐demand is an akrac4ve alterna4ve for scholars on a budget. Another top seller,
the 1898 textbook "A Trea4se on Universal Algebra with Applica4ons" by Alfred North
Whitehead, is available from Cornell for $35.99 versus $600 for the original from a used
book dealer. “ hkp://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/April07/LibAmazon.dea.html
Future of Request Workflow How do we redesign Service & Request?
• What services do our users want?
• What resources make sense?
• What strategies make sense?
• What workflow/system enables strategies
for user and libraries? What ques4ons do we ask our
users in our request forms?
• What policies make sense today?
• Short Due Dates?
• Overdue Fines?
• Recalls