1. Population
Cultural Geography
C.J. Cox

2. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

3. Population Terms
Demography - the study of population
characteristics
Overpopulation- when the available
resources cannot support the
number of people
Density - How many? The total
number of people

4. Population Growth
0 AD 250 Million People
1803 AD 1 Billion People
1903 AD 1.6 Billion People
1950 AD 3.0 Billion People
1987 AD 5.0 Billion People
1998 AD 6.0 Billion People

6. Population Distribution
Population
Concentrations
– East Asia
– South Asia
– South East Asia
– Europe
– North America
Sparsely Populated
Regions
– dry lands
– wet lands
– high lands
– cold lands

9. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

10. Arithmetic Density: The total number of
people divided by the total land area.

11. Arithmetic Density: The total number
of people divided by the total land area.

12. Arithmetic Density: The total number of
people divided by the total land area.

13. Physiological Density: The number of people per
unit of area of arable land, which is land
suitable for agriculture.

14. Physiological Density: The number of people per
unit of area of arable land, which is land
suitable for agriculture.

15. Agricultural Density: The number of farmers to
the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

16. Density
Arithmetic Density: The total number
of people divided by the total land area.
Physiological Density: The number of
people per unit of area of
arable land, which is land suitable for
agriculture.
Agricultural Density: The number of
farmers to the total amount of land
suitable for agriculture.

17. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

18. Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a
year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

19. Crude Death Rate : The total number of
deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in
the society.

20. Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a
population in a year, computed as the crude birth
rate minus the crude death rate.

21. Population Characteristics
Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live
births in a year for every 1,000 people
alive in the society.
Crude Death Rate : The total number of
deaths in a year for every 1,000 people
alive in the society.
Natural Increase: The percentage growth of
a population in a year, computed as the
crude birth rate minus the crude death
rate.

23. Population Characteristics
Fertility Rate: The average number of
children a woman will have throughout
her childbearing years.
Doubling Time: The number of years
needed to double a population,
assuming a constant rate of natural
increase.

24. Infant Mortality Rate: - the number of deaths of
children under the age of 1, per thousand of
the general population.

25. Population Characteristics
Life Expectancy : The average number of years
an individual can be expected to live, given
current social, economic, and medical
conditions.
Population under the age of 15 - usually
shown as a percentage of the total population
of a country - dependency ages
Population over the age of 65 - usually shown
as a percentage of the population.
dependency age

26. Life Expectancy : The average number of years an
individual can be expected to live, given current
social, economic, and medical conditions.

27. Population under the age of 15 - usually shown as
a percentage of the total population of a country -
dependency age is 0-15

28. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

29. Population Pyramids
Inverted bar graphs that show a wide
population base (younger population) with a
narrow top (older population).
Population Pyramids show:
– Age Distributions
– Dependency Ratios of under 15 and over 65
– Sex Ratio - Male vs. Female

31. Developing Relatively Developed Developed
(poor) (rich)

35. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

36. POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHIC
PYRAMIDS TRANSITION

37. Demographic Transition - Stage 1
Demographic Transition - the change
in population characteristics of a
country to reflect medical technology or
economic and social development.
Crude Birth Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000
Crude Death Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000
Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000
Today, no country in the world is in Stage 1.

38. Demographic Transition

39. Demographic Transition - Stage 2
As medical technology is introduced, a
population lives longer as the death rate
is lower from the rates of stage one.
Crude Birth Rate: High 40+ / 1,000
Crude Death Rate: Lower 15 / 1,000
Natural Increase Rate: Very High 25+/1,000

41. Demographic Transition - Stage 3
As the wealth and education of a
country increases, social norms, and
use of contraception dictate the birth of
fewer children per woman.
Crude Birth Rate: Lower 20 / 1,000
Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000
Natural Increase Rate: Low 10 / 1000

43. Demographic Transition - Stage 4
As the final stage in the transition of
population characteristics, the fourth
stage sees the population increase rate
again at 0. This stage reflects a highly
industrialized, educated society.
Crude Birth Rate: Low 10 / 1,000
Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000
Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000

45. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

46. Solutions to Population Growth
Education
Birth Control
Socialization
Abortion
Sterilization
Government mandate
Population redistribution

47. Solutions to Population Growth
Migration to resource rich areas
Empowerment of Women
$ for contraception & education
Improving farming techniques in poor areas
Sterilization
Educating men w/ responsibility for birth
control
Changing cultural norms to value girls

48. Solutions to Population Growth
Addressing traditional religious values
that may encourage gender preference
and large families
Starvation
Medical technology - costs of
maintaining vulnerable populations
(old & young)
Disease
Biological Warfare

49. Solutions to Population Growth
Redistribution of wealth - improve
standard of living for poor so that
children aren’t as necessary
Addressing government policies to deal
with their growing populations
Environmental pollution causing higher
death rates

50. Population
Population Terms
Population Growth
Population Distribution
Population Density
Population Characteristics
Population Pyramids
Demographic Transition
Solutions to Population Growth

51. Population
Cultural Geography
C.J. Cox