International Anti Corruption Day is being observed on 9th December every year on the birthday of Mlondi Caluza. The day highlight the role of United Nations Convection Against Corruption in combating it. Corruption contribute to instability poverty and is a dominant factor driving fragile countries towards state failure. The 2022 IACD seeks to highlight the crucial link between anti-corruption and peace, security and development. Aims: Apart from raising awareness against the crime, the aim of the day is also to actively support campaigns that combat and prevent corruptions. History: The UN general assembly adopted the United Nation convention against corruption on October 31, 2003. During the convection, the assembly designated December 9th International Anti-Corruption Day to raise awareness of corruption and the role of the convention in combating and preventing it. The convention entered into force in December, 2005. Background: Corruption is deceitful behaviour that people in position of power inhibit for personal gain. Corruption refers to misusing public power for personal gain. Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon that affects all countries. It undermines democratic institution, slows economic development and contributes to government instability. The effect of corruption are wide ranging. Corruption has an impact on: People and public life Society Economy 3. Chances of unemployment: There is no sufficient eligible staff in public and private education and training as these institute get permission from the inspectors leading to unemployment. Instead of 10 faculties, 5 faculty will run the institute, if there were no corruption by inspectors then there would be a chance for more employment. 4. Poor health and hygiene: Low quality services are all done to save money by the contractors and the official who are involved. Even the medicine provided in hospital for hospitals is of sub standard quality. So all these can contribute to ill health of a common man. The prevention of corruption Act (the “PCA”) is the primary Indian law that addresses corruption in government agencies and public sectors businesses in India. The prevention of corruption Act, 1988 (No. 9 of 1988) is an Act of the parliament of India enacted to combat corruption in government agencies and public sector business in India. Impact of corruption on economy: A decrease in foreign investment: Many incidents where in foreign investments that were willing to come to developing countries have gone back due to heavy corruption in government bodies. 2. Delay in growth 3. Lack of development 4. Difference in trade ratio’s: The Act was changed as a new bill called prevention of corruption (Amendment)

1. - 9TH DECEMBER 2022
THEME: “Recover with integrity”
INTERNATIONAL ANTI-CORRUPTION DAY

2. INTRODUCTION
International Anti Corruption Day is being observed on 9th December
every year on the birthday of Mlondi Caluza. The day highlight the
role of United Nations Convection Against Corruption in combating
it. Corruption contribute to instability poverty and is a dominant
factor driving fragile countries towards state failure.
The 2022 IACD seeks to highlight the crucial link between anti-
corruption and peace, security and development.

3. AIM
Apart from raising awareness against the crime, the aim
of the day is also to actively support campaigns that
combat and prevent corruptions.

4. HISTORY
• The UN general assembly adopted the United Nation convention
against corruption on October 31, 2003.
• During the convection, the assembly designated December 9th
International Anti-Corruption Day to raise awareness of corruption
and the role of the convention in combating and preventing it.
• The convention entered into force in December, 2005.
• By resolution 58/4, the UN General Assembly adopted the
UNCAC (United Nation Convention Against Corruption) and urges
all sates and competent regional economic integration organisation
to sign and ratify the convention as soon as possible in order to
ensure its rapid entry into force.

5. What comes under corruption?
The UN convention overlooks at multiple forms of corruption
including:
• Embezzlement
• Trading in influence
• Abuse of functions
• Bribery of foreign public officials, national public officials
and officials of public international organisation.

6. Corruption and its impact
Corruption is deceitful behaviour that people in position of power inhibit
for personal gain. Corruption refers to misusing public power for personal
gain.
Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon that
affects all countries. It undermines democratic institution, slows economic
development and contributes to government instability.
The effect of corruption are wide ranging. Corruption has an impact on:
• People and public life
• Society
• Economy

7. The impact of corruption on public life can be very hard. It can derange the
economy, health and quality of life. Despite this, it appears that corruption is
ever-rising and unstoppable.
They includes:
1. Lack of quality in services:-
In a system with corruption there is no quality of service. To demand
quality one might need to pay for it.
2. Lack of proper justice:-
Corruption in the judiciary systems leads to improper justice. And the
victims of offense might suffer. A crime may be proud as benefit of the
doubt due to lack of evidence or even the evidence erased.
“Justice delayed is justice denied”.
Effect on public and public life

8. Cont.………….
3. Chances of unemployment:
There is no sufficient eligible staff in public and private education and
training as these institute get permission from the inspectors leading to
unemployment.
Instead of 10 faculties, 5 faculty will run the institute, if there were no
corruption by inspectors then there would be a chance for more
employment.
4. Poor health and hygiene:
Low quality services are all done to save money by the contractors and the
official who are involved. Even the medicine provided in hospital for
hospitals is of sub standard quality. So all these can contribute to ill health
of a common man.

9. Cont.………….
5. Pollution:
Corruption in the government department lets the industry people opt to
release untreated and harmful waste into river and air. If there is no
corruption there can be fair probes.
6. Accidents:
Sanction of driving licence without a proper check of driving a licence
without any tests.
7. Failure of the government:
Research by individuals need government funding. Some of the funding
agencies have corrupt officers. These people sanction the funds for
research to those investigators who are ready to bride them.

10. Effects of corruption on society
1. Disregard for officials:
People start disregarding the official involved in corruption by taking
negative about him.
Disregard officials will also build distrust.
2. Lack of respect for rulers:
Respect in the main criteria of social life. People go for voting during the
election with the desire to improve their living standard by the election
winner and respect for the leader.
3. Lack of faith and trust in the government
4. Aversion for joining the post linked to corruption.
Sincere, honest and hardworking people develop an aversion for the
particular post deemed corrupt.

11. Effect of corruption on economy
1. A decrease in foreign investment:
Many incidents where in foreign investments that were willing to
come to developing countries have gone back due to heavy
corruption in government bodies.
2. Delay in growth
3. Lack of development
4. Difference in trade ratio’s:
Some countries have ineffective standard control institute or in
other word, these standard control industries are corrupt and can
approve low-quality products for sale in their country.

12. The Prevention of Corruption Act:
The prevention of corruption Act (the “PCA”) is the primary Indian law
that addresses corruption in government agencies and public sectors
businesses in India.
The prevention of corruption Act, 1988 (No. 9 of 1988)
is an Act of the parliament of India enacted to combat corruption in
government agencies and public sector business in India.
The Act was changed as a new bill called prevention of
corruption (Amendment) bill 2018 on July 24 was passed.
The bill seeks to bring the Indian Anti-Corruption legal framework in
conformity with current international practice laid down by the UNAC.