1. Community Based Water Resource
Management: case study in Burkina
Faso, West Africa
Kampala 13-12-2012
Presented by Lucien DAMIBA, West Africa
Regional Learning Center on Water
Resources Management Coordinator .

2. Location and Target zone
Country Region
Local
Governmen
t
Communit
ies
Burkina
Faso
Central
East
Lalgaye
Tenkodogo
Sablogo
Kampoaga
Basbédo

3. Climate context
• Overall Climate in this
area is Soudano sahelian
(betwen11° 3' et 13° 5‘
latitude North) .
• Two main seasons:
– very short rainy season 3
to 4 months (June to mid
October)
– a long dry season from 8 to
9 months (October to
June).
• Annual rainfall range
around 700-900mm/year)

4. Land use

5. Understanding the situation

6. Water usage and Access challenges
Water Usage:
• Domestic use (drinking,
washing), Livestock , Irrigation,
Brick making
• Community get water from
hand dug wells, borehole or
surface
Access to Water
• travelling long distances to
fetch water
• Long Time spent to fetch
water
• Number of water point not
enough
• Conflict on water point
• Functionality of Water Usage
Association
• More pressure on water point
• Functionality of water point

7. Threath to water resources in the
target villages
•Poor reliability of water
sources – seasonality
• Low storage capacity
•Flood
•Rainfall variability
• Water quality problems
• High rates of service failure:
 Failure of service
management
 Poor design and construction
 Problems with the resource
Community Based Water
Resource Management Project in
Basbédo, Kampoaga and Sablogo

8. CBWRM in Basbedo, Sablogo and
Kampoaga
Principles:
1. Empowering communities and households in particular in the
management of water resources (monitoring and decision making).
2. Effective participation of communities in all stages of CBWRM.
3. Networking the key stakeholders through a suitable learning and sharing
framework to address the local level management of water resources.
4. Pulling together skills, knowledge and practices gathered by
communities, NGOs, local authorities and technical water units in project
implementation. This helps to bridge the gaps identified within the
various stakeholders.
5. Minimizes the threath

9. Rainfall Monitoring
At Community Level
1. Rainfall Monitoring
• Identification and selection of
community « lecteurs » to
collecte,
• Raingauge set up with
support by national Met
Office which has trained local
lecteurs and facilitators,
provided data collection
sheets.
• Support local « lecteurs » to
draw the graph and analyse
them

11. Examples of rainfall data collected by
communities
Basbedo Sablogo

12. Ground water level monitoring
At Community level
2. Groundwater Monitoring
(handdug-well)
• Identification of water source
(community mapping)
• Household survey
• Training lecteurs on:
– Water cycle
– Groundwater Water monitoring
with simple tools (photo lecteur
avec sifflet)
– Data recording on simple format
(lien ) linked to national format
– Draw graph on simple format
(lien)
– Analyse data for decision makin

14. Examples of ground water data
collected by communities
Basbego Kampoaga
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Niveaustatique
Date de mesure
Fluctuation du niveau statique de l'eau dans les puits
Puits 1
Puits 2
Puits 3
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Niveaustatique
Date de mesure
Evolution du niveau de l'eau du Puits de
Kampoaga
Series1

15. What does it mean for communities
1. Community Assemblies :
discuss results achieved
and take decisions
towards improved
management of the
various uses made of
water at community level:
– Priority is given to
drinking water v
irrigation, brick making
etc.
– Allocation of time for men
and animals
– Renewal of Water Usage
Association
– Planning to improve
WRM and Wash services:
(plan d’action Basbedo)=
10 hand dugwell have
been constructed

16. Achievements so far
At Local Autority level ( LGs, ONG
and Regional Directorate of Water)
• Groundwater Monitoring in
borehole
– Hand pump modification
• Cost: $ 10; By local artisan
– Training on logger set up
– Loggers establishment
– Data download training and
data analisys
– Establishment of
Documentation and
Monitoring Comittee to
monitor the project
implementation and
document the experience
(photos)

17. Example of logger water level data
Borehole of Basbedo Borehole for Kampoaga
Natural discharge
There is a correlation betwen rainfall and graound water recharge
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
y = 0.0071x - 273.14
16
16.5
17
17.5
18
18.5
19
19.5
20
12/10/2011
12/11/2011
12/12/2011
12/01/2012
12/02/2012
12/03/2012
12/04/2012
12/05/2012
Level Depth To Water (m)
Le…
Lin…

18. Role of actors (community level)
Lecteurs
• Ground water (hand dug well)
and rainfall monitoring
• Data Interpretation and
analisys
• Data storage
• Feedback to community
• Support Water Usage
Association
• Take part of Documentation &
Monitoring Committee
Community
• Disignation of lecteurs
• Support lecteurs
• Set up and institutionalize of
community assemblies
Participate to community
assembly
• Taking appropriate decision
related to water management in
conjunction with water point
users
• Conflict management
• Designation of 2 Representative
within the Monitoring &
Documentation Commitee

19. Role of Actor (NGO’s level)
DAKUPA (WaterAid Partner)
• Follow up the project
implementation on the ground
• Community mobilization
• Community training
• Support community assembly
preparation
• Data storage
• Participate to data analisys
• Member of documentation and
monitoring committee
– Member of the tecnical unit
• Member of WRM National
Learning Group
WaterAid
• Support Dakupa to implement
the project
• Member of Monitoring and
Documentation Committe
– Member of the tecnical unit
• Support Analyse data provided
by community and Loggers
• Support community training
• Data storage
• Provide different support to
Dakupa, LGs
• Member of WRM National
Learning Group

20. Role of Actors (Local level)
Local Government
• Chair of Monitoring and
Documentation Commitee
• Take decision related to WRM at
commune level (e.g.
• Institutionalising the Committee
– Regular meetings called by Chair
– By-laws per LG or cross LGs
• Sharing information on the project
during the municipal council meetings
• Follow up the project implementation
on the ground
• Community mobilization
• Sharing information on the project
during the municipal council session
Regional Directorate of Water
• Member of Monitoring &
Documentation Commitee
– synthetizer of the Committee
• Take appriate decision related to
WRM at regional level
• Inform national level on the project
• Provide technical support for data
analysis
• Download data from level loggers
• Data storage
• Member of WRM learning group at
national level
• Train community and Local partner
on WRM topic

21. Role of Actors (national level)
DEIE (national level)
• Member of Monitoring and
Documentation Commitee
• Member of WRM Learning
group at national level
• Provide guidance and
technical support on
national Policy on WRM
– Data, format, advice …)
RLC-WRM (regional level)
• Provide guidance technical tools
(toolkit) and support
• Cordinate activities at national
and regional level
• Link with PSU for technical
support
• Support MDC on capacity building
• Train lecteurs
• Support MDC for data analysis
and project documentation
• Coordinate the WRM learning
Group at National and regional
level
• Data storage

22. How we try to link policy and practice
1. WRM Learning Group at national level:
– Experience sharing
– Promotion of good practice
– Associate policy team to WRM learning group
2. Monitoring and Documentation Commitee at
local level
– Providing evidence
– Decision making related to WRM at local level
– Advocacy for local decret
3. Village assembly at community level

23. what stage the project is at in other
West African countries
• Mali
• Ghana
• Nigeria

24. Challenges to date
 Sustaining the motivation of community lecteurs
 Incentivize them to match their efforts and help improve WASH service delivery?
 Capacity of communities to understand, analyse and interprete data and use them.
 How will communities own the methods for analyzing and interpreting data in order to
highlight the rainfall-water table recharge-water removal for good decision making
 Tools for monitoring the underground water :
 How and where to find measurement tools which can be used easily by communities?
 In-between the dip meter and the whistle?
 Cheap but appropriate?
 Education level of communities
 Involving women, most of whom are illiterate?
 How to collect reliable data using people with limited education level?
 How to increase the number of monitoring posts using a limited number of educated people
in the community? (people who are also often appealed to by other stakeholders)
 Sustained ownership of the approach by local authorities
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25. Lessons learnt
 The actual capacity of communties to learn from their own realities,
understand challenges they face and take collective decisions on water
resource management.
 For a CBWRM project to be successful, it is esential to have commitment
and good collaboration of all actors including, technicians, communities,
NGOs and local authorities.
 Good management of local water resources requires a systematic
monitoring of the resources (rainfall, underground water, quantity and
quality issues).
 Linking the local data with the national data system prompts engagement
and involvement of State bodies in charge of water resources.
 A successful implementation of the project in the Country Programmes
requires that actions are planned in the MPBs.
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26. Way Forward
Share CBWRM approach and results with all
Country Programmes in West Africa
Share the evaluation findings with Country
Programmes in West Africa
Ensure that the project is effectively extended to
other countries of West Africa
Support West Africa countries in the ownership
process of the approach
Consolidate successes achieved in the pilot
communities
Extend the project to 10-15 communities of
Burkina Faso
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27. THANK YOU