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CONCEPT OF OJA
Prof. Sangeeta Gehlot
Head, Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda
Institute of Medical Sciences
Banaras Hindu University
Introduction of Oja
तत्र रसादीनाां शुक्रान्तानाां धातूनाां यत्परां तेजस्तत्खल्वोजस्तदेव
बलमित्युच्यते, स्वशास्त्रमसद्धान्तात्
(Su.Su.15/19)
तन्त्रान्तरे तु ओजःशब्देन रसोऽप्युच्यते, जीवशोणितिप्योजःशब्देनािनन्न्त
के चित्, ऊष्िाििप्योजःशब्देनापरे वदन्न्त (Dalhana on Su. Su.15/9)
यच्छरीररसस्नेहः प्रािा यत्र प्रततन्ष्िताः| ( Ch. Su. 30/11)
यस्िाद्रसादोजो भवतत स रसः सववधातुस्थानगतत््वात्
तत्तदधातुवन्िन्यत इतत सववधातुनाां स्नेह ओजःक्षीरे घृतमिव
(Bhavaprakash)
 Oja is the Sara of Rasadi Sapta Dhatu
 It has been also known as a entity which provides Bala (Physical and Psychological
strength ) to the body.
 It is the Sneha present in all Dhatu or Sneha of body where Prana resides.
 It has been also termed as Rasa, Jivashonita, Ushma.
Description of Oja in Veda
 तेजोऽमस तेजोितय धेहह, वीयवनमस वीयवितय धेहह|
बलिमस बलितय धेहह, ओजोऽस्योजोितय धेहह|
िन्युरमस िन्युां धेहह, सहोऽमस सहोितय धेहह|
विोऽमस विोितय धेहह, उजवस्युज्ांव ितय धेहह|
शु. यजु.१९/९
 आ तें प्रािां सुवािमस पराां यक्ष्िां सुवामि ते|
दक्षां त उग्रिाभाररषु पराां यक्ष्िां सुवामि ते|
अथवव/७/५६/४-१३-५
Nourishment of Oja
पुष्यन्न्त त्वाहाररसाद्रसरुचधरिाांसिेदोन्स्थिज्जशुक्रौजाांमस (Ch.Su.28/4)
It gets nourished from the Aahar Rasa in the same way all Dhatu are nourished
Formation and circulation of Oja
 प्रथिां जायते ह्योजः शरीरेऽन्स्िञ्छरीररिाि ्| (Ch.Su.17/75)
 यत् सारिादौ गभवस्य यत्तद्गभवरसाद्रसः
सांवतविानां हृदयां सिाववशतत यत्पुरा ( Ch.Su.30/10)
 दश िूलमसरा हृत्स्था: सवं सववतो वपुः
रसात्िकां वहन्त्योजस्तन्न्नबद्धां हह िेन्ष्िति ् ( A.Hr.Sha. 3/18)
 Oja is formed from the commencement of life itself.
 It is the first thing present in form of Sara as a result of union of Shukra and Shonita
or Garbharasa.
 It is present in heart and gets circulated to whole body with the help of ten great
vessels attached to it.
यत्परां तेजः सारां घृतिधुस्थानीयां प्रत्येकिेव रसादीनाां यदुत्कृ ष्िोऽशः सारभागः स मिमलत्वा
हृदयप्रधानस्थानत्वात्तत्रस्थ एव ि धिनीमभहृवदयिूलामभः कृ त्स्नां शरीरां तपवयतत बलहेतुश्ि
धातूनाां भवतत, शुक्रशोणितसांसगावत्प्रभृतत शरीरिचधततष्िते स्वकिविा तदोजः (Chakrapani
on Su.Su. 15/19)
Just like the Ghrita is present in milk, Oja is present in all Dhatu in form of utmost
Saaransha. It is present in heart and gets circulated to whole body through the
Dhamani.
Measurements and types of Oja
 rPpkfi ijkijHksnsuf}fo/ka] r=;r~ ije"VfcUnqda rnâfn fr"Bfr] ;Urq rrks cgq rnija'kjhjaizh.k;frA
 सकलशरीर्यावपनस्तस्य षड्बबन्दुकस्य ववशेषेि हृदयां स्थानि् (A.H.Su.11/37)
 Dalhana has described two types of Ojas-Upchaya Lakshana and Shakti Lakshana.
 Upchaya Lakshana is essence of all Dhatus, Ardhanjali in measures
 Shakti Lakshana Oja present in heart and eight drops in measures.
 According to Hemadri, it is of four types : Rasatmaka Oja, Jeevashonitarupi ,
Dhatutejarupi and Malarupi .
Para Oja Apara Oja
Site Heart Whole body
Quantity 8 drops Ardhanjali
Color Ishatarakta, Ishatapeeta Sarpi
Taste Madhur
Functions Sustenance of life Provide strength, nourishment
Sites of Oja
 स्थानातन द्वादश् भवन्न्त तद्यथा शोणित्िाांस िेदो अन्स्थ िज़्ज़ा शुक्र शुक्ल स्वेद वपत्तां श्लेष्ि
िूत्र पुरीषाणि ( Bhela Samhita )
 ओज: सववशरीरस्थां । (Shar.Pur.5/18)
 हृदयस्थिवप ्यावप देहन्स्थतततनबन्धनि ् (A.H.Su.11/37)
 Ojas is diffused in entire body of living beings even in every cell. Oja is found in the
cellular organelles of all Dhatus, the site in the cells may be mitochondria which is the
store house of energy and due to which Oja is called strength.
 Although Oja is present in entire body but main site of Oja is Hridaya as it is rich in
mitochondria and glycogen to provide the energy for its continuous function.
 Acharya Bhela has mentioned 12 sites of Oja i.e. Six Dhatu, Pitta and Kapha, Sveda,
Mutra, Purisha and Shukla.
Attributes of Oja
 सवपववविं िधुरसां लाजगन्न्ध प्रजायते| ( Ch.Su.17/75)
 हृहद ततष्ितत यच्छु द्धां रक्तिीषत्सपीतकि ्| (Ch.Su.17/74 )
 गुरु शीतां िृदु श्लक्षिां बहलां िधुरां न्स्थरि ्।
प्रसन्नां वपन्च्छलां न्स्नग्धिोजो दश गुिां स्िृति ् ॥
 ओजः सोिात्िकां न्स्नग्धां शुक्लां शीतां न्स्थरां सरि ् |
ववववक्तां िृदु िृत्स्नां ि प्रािायतनिुत्तिि ् ( Su.Su.15/21)
गुरु शीतां िृदु श्लक्षिां बहलां िधुरां न्स्थरि ्।
प्रसन्नां वपन्च्छलां न्स्नग्धिोजो दश गुिां स्िृति ् ॥
(Ch.Chi.24/31)
Color
Odor
Rasa
Qualities
Lajagandhi
Madhura
Snigdha, Sheeta, Sthira, Rasa,
Mritasana, Prasanna, Pichhila
Sarpi, ishatlohita, ishatpeeta
Functions of Oja
देहः सावयवस्तेन ्याप्तो भवतत देहहनः |
तदभावाच्ि शीयवन्ते शरीराणि शरीररिाि ्( Su.Su. 15/22)
ओजस्तु तेजो धातूनाां शुक्रान्तानाां परां स्िृति्|
हृदयस्थिवप ्यावप देहन्स्थतततनबन्धनि ्
न्स्नग्धां सोिात्िकां शुद्धिीषल्लोहहतपीतकि्|
यन्नाशे तनयतां नाशो यन्स्िांन्स्तष्ितत ततष्ितत
तनष्पद्यन्ते यतो भावा ववववधा देहसांश्रयाः
( A.H.Su.11/37-38)
 तत्र बलेन न्स्थरोपचितिाांसता सवविेष्िास्वप्रततघातः स्वरविवप्रसादो बाह्यानािाभ्यन्तरािाां ि
करिानािात्िकायवप्रततपवत्तभववतत ( Su.Su. 15/20)
 दोषािाां प्राकृ तां वैकृ तां ि स्वरूपिुक्तिी ते ि दोषाः सिा अप्योजसा
ववहहन देहां सांवाहतयतुिशक्ताः (A.S.Su.19/27)
 It is best in all Pranayatana i.e. responsible for the sustenance of life in normalcy and
results in death if diminished .
 Normal or abnormal states of Dosha are also defined by Oja. If Oja is not in normalcy,
It affects the functioning of Dosha.
 It provides stability, strength, nourishment of Mamsa Dhatu, facilitate the smooth
functioning of internal as well as external sensory and motor organs, maintains voice
and complexion.
Etiology of Oja Kshaya
 ्यायािोऽनशनां चिन्ता रूक्षाल्पप्रमिताशनि्|
वातातपौ भयां शोको रूक्षपानां प्रजागरः|
कफशोणितशुक्रािाां िलानाां िाततवतवनि्|
कालो भूतोपघातश्ि ज्ञात्याः क्षयहेतवः| (Ch.Su.17/76-77)
 अमभघातात्क्षयात्कोपाच्छोकाद््यानाच्रिात्क्षुधः
ओजः सङ्क्क्षीयते ह्येभ्यो धातुग्रहितनःसृति् |
तेजः सिीररतां तस्िाद्ववस्रांसयतत देहहनः (Su.Su. 15/23)
Features of Oja Kshaya
 बबभेतत दुबवलोऽभीक्ष्िां ्यायतत ्यचथतेन्न्द्रयः|
दुश्छायो दुिवना रूक्षः क्षािश्िैवौजसः क्षये| ( Ch.Su.17/73)
Stages of Oja Kshaya
 तस्य ववस्रांसो ्यापत् क्षय इतत (त्रयो दोषाः;) मलङ्क्गातन भवन्न्त सन्न्धववश्लेषो गात्रािाां सदनां
दोषच्यवनां क्रक्रयासन्न्नरोधश्ि ववस्रांसे, स्तब्धगुरुगात्रता वातशोफो विवभेदो ग्लातनस्तन्द्रा तनद्रा ि
्यापन्ने, िूच्छाव िाांसक्षयो िोहः प्रलापो िरिमितत ि क्षये ( Su.Su. 15/24)
Features of Oja Vriddhi
ओजोवृद्धौ हह देहस्य तुन्ष्िपुन्ष्िबलोदयः (A.H.Su.11/41)
Oja and Bala
 सववधातुस्नेहभूतस्योपियलक्षिस्यौजसो रूपरसौ वीयावहद ि ववद्यते, बलस्य तु भारहरिाहदशन्क्तगम्यस्य
रसवीयवविावहदगुिा न ववद्यन्ते, अतोऽनयोभेदोऽस्त्येवेतत (Dalhana on Su.Su.15/19)
Although Oja and Bala have been considered same entity but are different in following
points:
OJA
It possess Rupa, Rasa, Veerya etc.
It is assessed through Anumaan
Bala
It is assessed through Vyayama like weight
bearing capacity
It is assessed through Pratyaksha
Oja and Kapha Dosha
प्राकृ तस्तु बलां श्लेषिा ववकृ तो िलां उच्यते ।
स िॆवौजः स्िॄतः काये स ि पाप्िोन्प्दश्यते ॥
(Ch.Su.17/117)
Kapha Dosha in normal functional state has been considered as Oja or Bala
Conclusion
 Oja is the essence of all Dhatu i.e. it reflects the appropriate nourishment of
the body.
 It is most important entity regulating the functions of Dosha and other
organs as well as substance of life.
 It can be also considered as an entity responsible for the defense mechanism.
CONCEPT OF OJA

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CONCEPT OF OJA

  • 1. CONCEPT OF OJA Prof. Sangeeta Gehlot Head, Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University
  • 2. Introduction of Oja तत्र रसादीनाां शुक्रान्तानाां धातूनाां यत्परां तेजस्तत्खल्वोजस्तदेव बलमित्युच्यते, स्वशास्त्रमसद्धान्तात् (Su.Su.15/19) तन्त्रान्तरे तु ओजःशब्देन रसोऽप्युच्यते, जीवशोणितिप्योजःशब्देनािनन्न्त के चित्, ऊष्िाििप्योजःशब्देनापरे वदन्न्त (Dalhana on Su. Su.15/9) यच्छरीररसस्नेहः प्रािा यत्र प्रततन्ष्िताः| ( Ch. Su. 30/11) यस्िाद्रसादोजो भवतत स रसः सववधातुस्थानगतत््वात् तत्तदधातुवन्िन्यत इतत सववधातुनाां स्नेह ओजःक्षीरे घृतमिव (Bhavaprakash)
  • 3.  Oja is the Sara of Rasadi Sapta Dhatu  It has been also known as a entity which provides Bala (Physical and Psychological strength ) to the body.  It is the Sneha present in all Dhatu or Sneha of body where Prana resides.  It has been also termed as Rasa, Jivashonita, Ushma.
  • 4. Description of Oja in Veda  तेजोऽमस तेजोितय धेहह, वीयवनमस वीयवितय धेहह| बलिमस बलितय धेहह, ओजोऽस्योजोितय धेहह| िन्युरमस िन्युां धेहह, सहोऽमस सहोितय धेहह| विोऽमस विोितय धेहह, उजवस्युज्ांव ितय धेहह| शु. यजु.१९/९  आ तें प्रािां सुवािमस पराां यक्ष्िां सुवामि ते| दक्षां त उग्रिाभाररषु पराां यक्ष्िां सुवामि ते| अथवव/७/५६/४-१३-५
  • 5. Nourishment of Oja पुष्यन्न्त त्वाहाररसाद्रसरुचधरिाांसिेदोन्स्थिज्जशुक्रौजाांमस (Ch.Su.28/4) It gets nourished from the Aahar Rasa in the same way all Dhatu are nourished
  • 6. Formation and circulation of Oja  प्रथिां जायते ह्योजः शरीरेऽन्स्िञ्छरीररिाि ्| (Ch.Su.17/75)  यत् सारिादौ गभवस्य यत्तद्गभवरसाद्रसः सांवतविानां हृदयां सिाववशतत यत्पुरा ( Ch.Su.30/10)  दश िूलमसरा हृत्स्था: सवं सववतो वपुः रसात्िकां वहन्त्योजस्तन्न्नबद्धां हह िेन्ष्िति ् ( A.Hr.Sha. 3/18)
  • 7.  Oja is formed from the commencement of life itself.  It is the first thing present in form of Sara as a result of union of Shukra and Shonita or Garbharasa.  It is present in heart and gets circulated to whole body with the help of ten great vessels attached to it.
  • 8. यत्परां तेजः सारां घृतिधुस्थानीयां प्रत्येकिेव रसादीनाां यदुत्कृ ष्िोऽशः सारभागः स मिमलत्वा हृदयप्रधानस्थानत्वात्तत्रस्थ एव ि धिनीमभहृवदयिूलामभः कृ त्स्नां शरीरां तपवयतत बलहेतुश्ि धातूनाां भवतत, शुक्रशोणितसांसगावत्प्रभृतत शरीरिचधततष्िते स्वकिविा तदोजः (Chakrapani on Su.Su. 15/19) Just like the Ghrita is present in milk, Oja is present in all Dhatu in form of utmost Saaransha. It is present in heart and gets circulated to whole body through the Dhamani.
  • 9. Measurements and types of Oja  rPpkfi ijkijHksnsuf}fo/ka] r=;r~ ije"VfcUnqda rnâfn fr"Bfr] ;Urq rrks cgq rnija'kjhjaizh.k;frA  सकलशरीर्यावपनस्तस्य षड्बबन्दुकस्य ववशेषेि हृदयां स्थानि् (A.H.Su.11/37)
  • 10.  Dalhana has described two types of Ojas-Upchaya Lakshana and Shakti Lakshana.  Upchaya Lakshana is essence of all Dhatus, Ardhanjali in measures  Shakti Lakshana Oja present in heart and eight drops in measures.  According to Hemadri, it is of four types : Rasatmaka Oja, Jeevashonitarupi , Dhatutejarupi and Malarupi .
  • 11. Para Oja Apara Oja Site Heart Whole body Quantity 8 drops Ardhanjali Color Ishatarakta, Ishatapeeta Sarpi Taste Madhur Functions Sustenance of life Provide strength, nourishment
  • 12. Sites of Oja  स्थानातन द्वादश् भवन्न्त तद्यथा शोणित्िाांस िेदो अन्स्थ िज़्ज़ा शुक्र शुक्ल स्वेद वपत्तां श्लेष्ि िूत्र पुरीषाणि ( Bhela Samhita )  ओज: सववशरीरस्थां । (Shar.Pur.5/18)  हृदयस्थिवप ्यावप देहन्स्थतततनबन्धनि ् (A.H.Su.11/37)
  • 13.  Ojas is diffused in entire body of living beings even in every cell. Oja is found in the cellular organelles of all Dhatus, the site in the cells may be mitochondria which is the store house of energy and due to which Oja is called strength.  Although Oja is present in entire body but main site of Oja is Hridaya as it is rich in mitochondria and glycogen to provide the energy for its continuous function.  Acharya Bhela has mentioned 12 sites of Oja i.e. Six Dhatu, Pitta and Kapha, Sveda, Mutra, Purisha and Shukla.
  • 14. Attributes of Oja  सवपववविं िधुरसां लाजगन्न्ध प्रजायते| ( Ch.Su.17/75)  हृहद ततष्ितत यच्छु द्धां रक्तिीषत्सपीतकि ्| (Ch.Su.17/74 )  गुरु शीतां िृदु श्लक्षिां बहलां िधुरां न्स्थरि ्। प्रसन्नां वपन्च्छलां न्स्नग्धिोजो दश गुिां स्िृति ् ॥  ओजः सोिात्िकां न्स्नग्धां शुक्लां शीतां न्स्थरां सरि ् | ववववक्तां िृदु िृत्स्नां ि प्रािायतनिुत्तिि ् ( Su.Su.15/21) गुरु शीतां िृदु श्लक्षिां बहलां िधुरां न्स्थरि ्। प्रसन्नां वपन्च्छलां न्स्नग्धिोजो दश गुिां स्िृति ् ॥ (Ch.Chi.24/31)
  • 15. Color Odor Rasa Qualities Lajagandhi Madhura Snigdha, Sheeta, Sthira, Rasa, Mritasana, Prasanna, Pichhila Sarpi, ishatlohita, ishatpeeta
  • 16. Functions of Oja देहः सावयवस्तेन ्याप्तो भवतत देहहनः | तदभावाच्ि शीयवन्ते शरीराणि शरीररिाि ्( Su.Su. 15/22) ओजस्तु तेजो धातूनाां शुक्रान्तानाां परां स्िृति्| हृदयस्थिवप ्यावप देहन्स्थतततनबन्धनि ् न्स्नग्धां सोिात्िकां शुद्धिीषल्लोहहतपीतकि्| यन्नाशे तनयतां नाशो यन्स्िांन्स्तष्ितत ततष्ितत तनष्पद्यन्ते यतो भावा ववववधा देहसांश्रयाः ( A.H.Su.11/37-38)
  • 17.  तत्र बलेन न्स्थरोपचितिाांसता सवविेष्िास्वप्रततघातः स्वरविवप्रसादो बाह्यानािाभ्यन्तरािाां ि करिानािात्िकायवप्रततपवत्तभववतत ( Su.Su. 15/20)  दोषािाां प्राकृ तां वैकृ तां ि स्वरूपिुक्तिी ते ि दोषाः सिा अप्योजसा ववहहन देहां सांवाहतयतुिशक्ताः (A.S.Su.19/27)
  • 18.  It is best in all Pranayatana i.e. responsible for the sustenance of life in normalcy and results in death if diminished .  Normal or abnormal states of Dosha are also defined by Oja. If Oja is not in normalcy, It affects the functioning of Dosha.  It provides stability, strength, nourishment of Mamsa Dhatu, facilitate the smooth functioning of internal as well as external sensory and motor organs, maintains voice and complexion.
  • 19. Etiology of Oja Kshaya  ्यायािोऽनशनां चिन्ता रूक्षाल्पप्रमिताशनि्| वातातपौ भयां शोको रूक्षपानां प्रजागरः| कफशोणितशुक्रािाां िलानाां िाततवतवनि्| कालो भूतोपघातश्ि ज्ञात्याः क्षयहेतवः| (Ch.Su.17/76-77)  अमभघातात्क्षयात्कोपाच्छोकाद््यानाच्रिात्क्षुधः ओजः सङ्क्क्षीयते ह्येभ्यो धातुग्रहितनःसृति् | तेजः सिीररतां तस्िाद्ववस्रांसयतत देहहनः (Su.Su. 15/23)
  • 20. Features of Oja Kshaya  बबभेतत दुबवलोऽभीक्ष्िां ्यायतत ्यचथतेन्न्द्रयः| दुश्छायो दुिवना रूक्षः क्षािश्िैवौजसः क्षये| ( Ch.Su.17/73)
  • 21. Stages of Oja Kshaya  तस्य ववस्रांसो ्यापत् क्षय इतत (त्रयो दोषाः;) मलङ्क्गातन भवन्न्त सन्न्धववश्लेषो गात्रािाां सदनां दोषच्यवनां क्रक्रयासन्न्नरोधश्ि ववस्रांसे, स्तब्धगुरुगात्रता वातशोफो विवभेदो ग्लातनस्तन्द्रा तनद्रा ि ्यापन्ने, िूच्छाव िाांसक्षयो िोहः प्रलापो िरिमितत ि क्षये ( Su.Su. 15/24)
  • 22. Features of Oja Vriddhi ओजोवृद्धौ हह देहस्य तुन्ष्िपुन्ष्िबलोदयः (A.H.Su.11/41)
  • 23. Oja and Bala  सववधातुस्नेहभूतस्योपियलक्षिस्यौजसो रूपरसौ वीयावहद ि ववद्यते, बलस्य तु भारहरिाहदशन्क्तगम्यस्य रसवीयवविावहदगुिा न ववद्यन्ते, अतोऽनयोभेदोऽस्त्येवेतत (Dalhana on Su.Su.15/19) Although Oja and Bala have been considered same entity but are different in following points: OJA It possess Rupa, Rasa, Veerya etc. It is assessed through Anumaan Bala It is assessed through Vyayama like weight bearing capacity It is assessed through Pratyaksha
  • 24. Oja and Kapha Dosha प्राकृ तस्तु बलां श्लेषिा ववकृ तो िलां उच्यते । स िॆवौजः स्िॄतः काये स ि पाप्िोन्प्दश्यते ॥ (Ch.Su.17/117) Kapha Dosha in normal functional state has been considered as Oja or Bala
  • 25. Conclusion  Oja is the essence of all Dhatu i.e. it reflects the appropriate nourishment of the body.  It is most important entity regulating the functions of Dosha and other organs as well as substance of life.  It can be also considered as an entity responsible for the defense mechanism.