1. The document discusses marine pollution, including its sources, impacts, and methods of control and prevention. It defines marine pollution and examines its various sources from land-based industries and activities, as well as from shipping. The impacts on marine life and ecosystems are also outlined. 2. International and local regulatory bodies that monitor and control marine pollution are identified, including the IMO and Malaysia Marine Department. Methods of prevention under conventions like MARPOL and mitigation efforts like beach cleanups are described. 3. In conclusion, the document stresses the importance of protecting the marine environment for sustainable development and recommends introducing new technologies and educational campaigns targeted at youth.

1. LOB 40103 -
INTRODUCTION TO MARINE
POLLUTION CONTROL (IMPC)
ASSIGNMENT 1

2. Introduction
1.What?
2.Where?
3.When?
4.Who?
5.Why?
6.How?
Conclusion and Recommendation
Table of
Content

3. INTRODUCTION
Marine Pollution
- become more problem in the present day.
- Pollution directly discharge from land
- Give harmful effect towards marine
environment

4. 1.What?
1.1 What is marine? What is pollution?
1.2 What is marine pollution?
1.3 What is marine pollution control?
1.4 What are the sources of marine pollution?
1.5 What are the impact/effect marine
pollution?

5. 1.1.1 Marine?
- Any activities that related to the sea or sea
transport
1.1.1 Pollution?
- Introduction of thing or substances that
harmful and give poisonous effect into the
environment.
1.2 Marine Pollution?
- Marine pollution is the contamination or the
presence of pollutants in oceans and seas.
1.3 Marine Pollution Control?
- Refers to the control measures to prevent and
reduce the marine pollution.

6. 1.4 Sources of Marine Pollution
1.4.1 Land
Direct discharge from the land industry
I.) Agricultural Industry
- Improper animal waste planning causes the
industry to dumped mass of feces into the river
and ocean.
I.) Food Processing Industry
- Mass volume of seaweed harvesting process
will give impact to the acidity of the ocean.
- The seaweed and algae dissolve the carbon
dioxide in water.
- As the result, the level of the ocean acidity will
decrease

7. III.) Land Mining Industry
- Materials such as copper and gold is a major
source of contamination into the ocean.
- can interfere with the life cycles of numerous
marine organisms and life.
IV.) Daily Sewage
- Wastewater from sources including domestic
or industrial liquid waste products
- Via a pipe or sewer system.
- Untreated sewage may contain water,
nutrients, solids, pathogens, helminths, oils and
greases.

8. V.) Plastic, litter and human waste
- Consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic
or semisynthetic organic compounds.
- Food containers and packaging are the largest
component of the ocean solid waste stream
(80 million tons)

9. 1.4.2 Shipping Industry
I.) Drydocking
- The sand blasting process use to clean the old
ship paint before repaint process happen will
affect the marine life.
II.) Ship Demolition/Breaking Yard
- Waste material such as asbestos and toxic
material was dumped everywhere at the
coastal area
- An examples, majority ship demolition
company at Bangladesh did not have any
proper monitoring and regulation control
toward marine environment.

10. 1.5.1 Effect of Marine Pollution
Sealife
- Long-term impact toward the marine life.
(Decades to recover).
- Small fishermen who fish in in country boats
have not been able to go out fishing.
Reduction of the photosynthesis rate in marine
life.
- The growth of underwater ecosystems
affected by the accumulation of plastics and
rubber that float in the surface of the water.
- The penetration of light decrease and lead to
slow photosynthesis process.

11. 1.5.2 Impact of Marine Pollution
Acidification
- Happen when the level of seawater acidity
increase
Eutrophication
- Happen when the marine ecosystem
contain more nitrogen and phosphorus.
Toxin
- The toxin will accumulate with the tissue of
the many species of aquatic life.

12. 2. Where?
- Where is the marine pollution exists?
I.) River
II.) Coastal area
III.) Ocean

13. 3. When?
When marine pollution start happened?
- Since 50 years ago
- Million tons of garbage dumped every year
When the organization start to aware and concern of
the impact and effect of marine pollution?
- Was concerned during several United Nations
Conventions on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
beginning in the 1950s.
- In Malaysia, MARPOL was applied through
Merchant Shipping Ordinance and other
environmental act such as Environmental
Quality Act 1974 and Merchant Shipping (Oil
Pollution) Act 1994.

14. 4. Who?
The international body that regulate and monitor
marine pollution?
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
- Create the regulation that relate with all pollution
accident happen cause by international shipping
business.
Malaysia national body that regulate and monitor
marine pollution?
Malaysia Marine Department
- Prevent and control the marine pollution at
Malaysia territorial water.

15. 5. Why ?
Why marine pollution still exist nowadays?
- Waste material such as plastic not easily to break
down
- Considered food to the marine animals
Why the marine pollution must be prevent and
mitigate?
- Uncontrolled pollution will cause some of the
marine species extinct.
- The number of fish become reduce because of
the pollution

16. 6. How?
6.1 How to prevent marine pollution?
MARPOL 73/78
- For international shipping activities, all ship that registered
under IMO must comply with MARPOL 73/78.
- The objective of MARPOL is aimed at preventing and
minimizing pollution from ships for accidental pollution and
that from routine operations.
International Convention on Oil Pollution
Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC)
- Parties to the OPRC are required to establish measures for
dealing with pollution incidents, either nationally or in co-
operation with other countries.

17. 6.2 How to mitigate/reduce the polluted marine
environment?
- Organize a beach clean-up event.
- Reduce rubbish and usage of plastic
- Make sure only rain goes down the drain

18. Conclusion and Recommendation
- Marine environment must be protected to
ensure the sustainable development of
marine economy
- The introduction of latest technology and
organize marine campaign to local youth
should be implement