Collection of ancient coins

King of Persia –SiglosKing of Persia –SiglosKing of Persia –SiglosKing of Persia –Siglos
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Obverse: The Great King kneeling right holding
spear and bow. Classic symbols of power, hunting,
and war.
Reverse: Incuse Punch. This ‘Type’ precedes the
idea of sculpting a reverse image (intaglio) ‘die’ on
the end of the reverse punch so a coin had front
and back images instead of just a front with a
‘punched indentation’ on the reverse.
Persian silver Siglos of ‘The Great King’. 486-450
B.C.E. Cabinet SB 4678v Seabee Catalogue. The
coin is ‘Type III’ of four types, or styles. In this
case, Full body Great King kneeling with bow in
one hand and spear in other. King could be Darius
I, Xerxes I, or Artaxerxes as the coins were of four
somewhat similar styles regardless of the king. A
Siglos is 1/20 of a gold Daric (After Darius!) The
name Siglos is likely related the Shequel, the
Babylonian unit of weight that later became the
name of the major Phoenician and Hebrew
denominations. Note: it is interesting that it was 20
of these silver Sigloi to a gold Daric. So the ratio of
silver to gold was 20 to 1. Comparison Coin Wildwinds.com

Persian Kings Phoenicia
1/16th
Silver Silver Shekel
Phoenicia, Sidon. Circa 435-420 BC.
AR Half Shekel.
Obverse
 Obverse: Galley sailing left; two waves
below.
 Reverse: King of Persia standing right,
drawing bow against attacking Lion.
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Cyzicus, Mysia
Hemiobol 5th Cent. B.C.E.
Cyzicus, Mysia
Hemiobol 5th Cent. B.C.E.
Comparison Coin Wildwinds.com
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Obverse: Forepart of boar left., tunny fish
behind boar. “A Superb Tunny fish!”
Reverse: Lion's head left., star above. 0.32gr.
Nice toning. Not round, so some parts of the
coin strike are off-center.
Note: The ‘Wildwinds’ archive coin overall is
extremely fine, but the Tunny fish on the top
right coin is superior. It is difficult, given the
‘hand made’ nature of striking lumps of metal
between an anvil (with an Obverse die on it) and
a Punch (with a Reverse die) to find a coin with
all elements rendered perfectly.
Mysia, Cyzicus. Hemiobol, 5th Century B.C.E..
Hemiobol (Diameter 7-9mm). That’s a VERY
small coin! But it is also beautiful. The Fish
behind the wild Boar is called a ‘Tunny Fish’,
which is a Tuna. A Tunny Fish is the Badge or
Logo of the city of Cyzicus. E.g.: A Rose is the
symbol of Rhodes (and an intentional pun); it’s a
turtle for the island of Aegina, an Owl for
Athens, etc. SNG Cop.49. From Dr. M. Dieterle.

Thracian, Chersonesus HemidrachmThracian, Chersonesus Hemidrachm
My Cabinet
Obverse: Forepart of a lion facing right, head
facing left. Hint of flat strike on the body of
the lion. Small portion of Test cut showing on
edge of the Obverse.
Reverse: Quadrapartite incuse square with a
monogrammed ‘Alpha-Gamma & Pellet’ and a
torch within the shallower depressions. VF
with some dark patination.
Thrace, Chersonesus. AR (Silver)
Hemidrachm. Lion. Weber 2407, McClean
4092. 400 - 350 B.C.E.. AR Hemidrachm.
1.94g. Test Cut on edge shows very strongly
but does not significantly impact the esthetics,
or value, of the coin.
Chersonesus, which today is called the
Gallipoli peninsula and is part of Turkey, is the
peninsula in the northeast Aegean Sea on
which the cities of Kardia/Cardia and
Lysimachia were situated. The finest of these
relatively common coins were minted there.

Hieron II of Syracuse
Bronze
Hieron II of Syracuse
Bronze
 Sicily, Syracuse. Hieron II. 274-216 B.C. ﾆ
18 mm (6.60 g, 7').
 Obverse: Diademed head of Zeus facing left.
 Reverse: Trident. Fine, brown patina.
It would not be hyperbolic to refer to Hieron
as ‘The Great’. Hieron led a group of
mercenaries in a coup against the civil
authorities of the great Greek (colonial) city of
Syracuse in Sicily. When his Mercenaries
became largely uncontrollable, Hieron sent
them into a battle he knew they would lose
(especially when he refused to send in
Reserves.) Hieron ruled for 60 years and is
thought to have been a relative of Archimedes.
Hieron is said to have asked Archimedes to
create a number of clever devices of war to
protect, and grant advantage, over three
empires that wanted to claim Syracuse for
itself: the Romans, the Carthaginians, and the
Greeks.
 Sicily, Syracuse. Hieron II. 274-216 B.C. ﾆ
18 mm (6.60 g, 7').
 Obverse: Diademed head of Zeus facing left.
 Reverse: Trident. Fine, brown patina.
It would not be hyperbolic to refer to Hieron
as ‘The Great’. Hieron led a group of
mercenaries in a coup against the civil
authorities of the great Greek (colonial) city of
Syracuse in Sicily. When his Mercenaries
became largely uncontrollable, Hieron sent
them into a battle he knew they would lose
(especially when he refused to send in
Reserves.) Hieron ruled for 60 years and is
thought to have been a relative of Archimedes.
Hieron is said to have asked Archimedes to
create a number of clever devices of war to
protect, and grant advantage, over three
empires that wanted to claim Syracuse for
itself: the Romans, the Carthaginians, and the
Greeks.
My Cabinet

Agathocles Greek Syracuse (Sicily)Agathocles Greek Syracuse (Sicily)
Period III, Circa 304-289 B.C.E.. AE-20.
Bronze coin with some minor Verdigris.
SICILY, SYRACUSE. Agathocles 317-289
B.C.E..AE.21.
 Obverse: Bust of Artemis facing right with
quiver at shoulder.
 Reverse: Winged Thunderbolt with
Agathocles Basileoy, or Agathokleos King
in Greek. Obviously, Thunderbolt =
Lighting; this is a standard representation of
‘lightning’ seen across cultures and
centuries.
Again, museum coin is exquisite and gives
idea of the beauty.
Period III, Circa 304-289 B.C.E.. AE-20.
Bronze coin with some minor Verdigris.
SICILY, SYRACUSE. Agathocles 317-289
B.C.E..AE.21.
 Obverse: Bust of Artemis facing right with
quiver at shoulder.
 Reverse: Winged Thunderbolt with
Agathocles Basileoy, or Agathokleos King
in Greek. Obviously, Thunderbolt =
Lighting; this is a standard representation of
‘lightning’ seen across cultures and
centuries.
Again, museum coin is exquisite and gives
idea of the beauty.
Near Perfect example of same coin: Bust of Artemis right ,
in front Σ ｽ ΤΙΡΑ. Reverse. Agathokles Basilaeus, above and
below thunderbolt. Ref: SNG Cop 779.
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Greek Macedonian Kings
Perseus
Greek Macedonian Kings
Perseus
 Obverse: Head of King Perseus right, wearing
winged helmet with a griffin’s head top; with a
harp, called a harpa, over his shoulder.
 Reverse: Eagle standing left on a plow, head
right; branch before, Sigma between legs. SNG
Copenhagen #1273. Good VF. Soft obverse.
Thick, brown patinated surface.
King Perseus, implying his namesake with
winged helmet, 178-168 B.C.E.. 24mm ,
8.93gm. Perseus was the son of Phillip V.
Phillip was the very capable King of of the
Antigonid Dynasty for Macedon (Antigonus
was one of Alexander the Great’s Generals who
‘won’ Macedon after Alexander’s death). He
managed to keep his kingdom together even
after losing conflicts to the Romans. But his
son Perseus became ‘The Last King of
Macedonia’ when he lost his Kingdom to the
Romans. Bronze Greek coins are less common,
surprisingly, than Silver.
 Obverse: Head of King Perseus right, wearing
winged helmet with a griffin’s head top; with a
harp, called a harpa, over his shoulder.
 Reverse: Eagle standing left on a plow, head
right; branch before, Sigma between legs. SNG
Copenhagen #1273. Good VF. Soft obverse.
Thick, brown patinated surface.
King Perseus, implying his namesake with
winged helmet, 178-168 B.C.E.. 24mm ,
8.93gm. Perseus was the son of Phillip V.
Phillip was the very capable King of of the
Antigonid Dynasty for Macedon (Antigonus
was one of Alexander the Great’s Generals who
‘won’ Macedon after Alexander’s death). He
managed to keep his kingdom together even
after losing conflicts to the Romans. But his
son Perseus became ‘The Last King of
Macedonia’ when he lost his Kingdom to the
Romans. Bronze Greek coins are less common,
surprisingly, than Silver.
Note: The lettering on the Reverse appears to be BA
of ‘Beta - Alpha’ at the top (first two letters for
Greek Basilaeus (King)). But the two letters bottom
row are not completely legible,. The first could be
‘pi’ (first letter of Perseus), the second does not
appear in any way to be an E or Epsilon. More
investigation on this is required.
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Celtic Tetradrachm
Danube Region
Celtic Tetradrachm
Danube Region
 Obverse: Head imitating Phillip II of Macedon.
‘Crude Head’ of ‘Simplified type’. Phillip II
Tetradrachms were used by Phillip to pay
‘Celtic Mercenaries’ for his very successful
armies. The mercenaries came home, spent the
‘money’ and created demand for more. Local
Celts imitated the figure and form of real Phillip
II Tetradrachms.
 Reverse: Horse Left. CCCBM I, 39ff; De La
Tour 9883. Toned VF
Danube Region Celts. Coin is Oltenia
Type Tetradrachm (Oltenia refers to an
area situated between the Danube, the
Southern Carpathian Mountains, and the
Olt River including much of modern day
Romania.) Circa 2nd Century B.C.E.. AR
(Silver) Tetradrachm 8.10 Grams. Almost
Scyphate (Cupped).
 Obverse: Head imitating Phillip II of Macedon.
‘Crude Head’ of ‘Simplified type’. Phillip II
Tetradrachms were used by Phillip to pay
‘Celtic Mercenaries’ for his very successful
armies. The mercenaries came home, spent the
‘money’ and created demand for more. Local
Celts imitated the figure and form of real Phillip
II Tetradrachms.
 Reverse: Horse Left. CCCBM I, 39ff; De La
Tour 9883. Toned VF
Danube Region Celts. Coin is Oltenia
Type Tetradrachm (Oltenia refers to an
area situated between the Danube, the
Southern Carpathian Mountains, and the
Olt River including much of modern day
Romania.) Circa 2nd Century B.C.E.. AR
(Silver) Tetradrachm 8.10 Grams. Almost
Scyphate (Cupped).
The ‘Trade Dollar’ of the time.
Phillip II (382-386 B.C.E). Tetradrachm.
Father of Alexander the Great. Wildwinds.com
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LEUCI France Tulum (Toul).LEUCI France Tulum (Toul).
 Obverse: Bald head looking left.
 Reverse: Boar l. LT—, BMC 426-432. VF,
green-grey glossy patina.
“Bald Head” Potin. c.80-50 B.C.E.. 4.22g.
Possibly belonging to the Bellovaci.
Unlike most of the other ancient coins in
this collection, this coin was cast instead
of struck. You can tell this by the ‘sprue’
along the edge that shows how the molten
base metal was poured into a mold that
held several coin forms. When cooled, the
mold was broken and the connected blank
coins would be cut from each other.
The Reverse is fine to very fine. But the
obverse is poor. The auction description
said that it is BMC 426-432. I looked in La
Tour II and #9180 is the closest I could
find but that is not it. Will update when I
find the correct identification.
 Obverse: Bald head looking left.
 Reverse: Boar l. LT—, BMC 426-432. VF,
green-grey glossy patina.
“Bald Head” Potin. c.80-50 B.C.E.. 4.22g.
Possibly belonging to the Bellovaci.
Unlike most of the other ancient coins in
this collection, this coin was cast instead
of struck. You can tell this by the ‘sprue’
along the edge that shows how the molten
base metal was poured into a mold that
held several coin forms. When cooled, the
mold was broken and the connected blank
coins would be cut from each other.
The Reverse is fine to very fine. But the
obverse is poor. The auction description
said that it is BMC 426-432. I looked in La
Tour II and #9180 is the closest I could
find but that is not it. Will update when I
find the correct identification.
This is a similar coin whose obverse is in better
condition that shows how the worn front of my
coin might look.
My Cabinet

Celtic Gaul Gold ¼ StaterCeltic Gaul Gold ¼ Stater
Celtic Britain, Imported Coinage, Geometric
Type; 58 – 50 BCE, Gold Quarter Stater, 1.44
g. Van Arsdell 63.3.
Obverse: Two people in Boat. (Van Arsdell
#69-3 Gaule Belgique V #116. ). Some sources
say Obverse is “Crescent with two appendages”.
Reverse: Geometric pattern with tree. Van
Arsdell 69.1; SCBC 46. Good VF. (No mention
of 'Import' in this short, catalogue note.)
My Cabinet.
Comparison CoinMuseum Quality

Celtic Horse & BoarCeltic Horse & Boar
 Obverse: Great head of ‘Ogmios’, the Celtic prime
deity, analogous to Zeus, looking right. (Follows
Phillip II Tetradrachm style).
 Reverse: Horse and Boar. Rider has the Tennis
Racquet Type head and horse has a Double-Beaded
Tail. c.60-56 B.C.E.. AR stater. Fox Snouted horse r.
boar below. Gd VF, bright silver, highly ornate tail.
Note: highly stylized “razorback” boar is underneath
horse, between front and rear legs.
“Great Head” Coin from Coriosolites tribe. Flan was
cracked in the original strike of the coin. This Celtic
Tribe is from what is today the Saint-Brieuc, Dinan,
Corseul of Modern France. The Coriosolites were
coastal folk and the wavelike curls cresting the head
may echo their proximity to the sea .De la Tour 6598,
D & T 2340, SCB 15. LT 6598, Rybot 32, Hooker
no.90. Weight 6.42 grams, 21 x 22 mm. Note: This
could have been minted when Julius Caesar was
invading, and writing his famous book, ‘The Gallic
War’ as the Celtic tribes of Gaul needed to mint money
to raise armies to fight the Romans.
 Obverse: Great head of ‘Ogmios’, the Celtic prime
deity, analogous to Zeus, looking right. (Follows
Phillip II Tetradrachm style).
 Reverse: Horse and Boar. Rider has the Tennis
Racquet Type head and horse has a Double-Beaded
Tail. c.60-56 B.C.E.. AR stater. Fox Snouted horse r.
boar below. Gd VF, bright silver, highly ornate tail.
Note: highly stylized “razorback” boar is underneath
horse, between front and rear legs.
“Great Head” Coin from Coriosolites tribe. Flan was
cracked in the original strike of the coin. This Celtic
Tribe is from what is today the Saint-Brieuc, Dinan,
Corseul of Modern France. The Coriosolites were
coastal folk and the wavelike curls cresting the head
may echo their proximity to the sea .De la Tour 6598,
D & T 2340, SCB 15. LT 6598, Rybot 32, Hooker
no.90. Weight 6.42 grams, 21 x 22 mm. Note: This
could have been minted when Julius Caesar was
invading, and writing his famous book, ‘The Gallic
War’ as the Celtic tribes of Gaul needed to mint money
to raise armies to fight the Romans.
My Cabinet

Celtic Tetradrachm
Danube Region
Celtic Tetradrachm
Danube Region
 Obverse: Stylized head facing right.
 Reverse: Rx: Human or bird-headed horse
r., lyre or comet below.
Celtic. Gallic Tribes. Amorica. Coriosolites; c.
75-50 BC, Billon Stater, 6.48g. Rudd, Ancient
British Coins-67. Spink-17-19. De La Tour-
6703. Allen-p.19-20, pl. 16, 221 var.
Amorica region, originally Aremorica
"country by the sea", included Brittany,
lower Normandy, almost all of Pays de la
Loire, and the Channel Islands (Rudd, p.
30). Purchased from Harlan J. Berk, 176th
Buy=Bid Sale August 2011.
 Obverse: Stylized head facing right.
 Reverse: Rx: Human or bird-headed horse
r., lyre or comet below.
Celtic. Gallic Tribes. Amorica. Coriosolites; c.
75-50 BC, Billon Stater, 6.48g. Rudd, Ancient
British Coins-67. Spink-17-19. De La Tour-
6703. Allen-p.19-20, pl. 16, 221 var.
Amorica region, originally Aremorica
"country by the sea", included Brittany,
lower Normandy, almost all of Pays de la
Loire, and the Channel Islands (Rudd, p.
30). Purchased from Harlan J. Berk, 176th
Buy=Bid Sale August 2011.
My Cabinet

Tetradrachm Alexander III
The Great
Tetradrachm Alexander III
The Great
 Obverse: Alexander (Suggesting Hercules)
Facing Right wearing Lion-Head as
Headdress with Lion skin knotted at neck.
 Reverse: Zeus seated left holding eagle and
scepter, monogram in wreath to left, MI
below throne. Muller 734. Greek “Basileus
Alexandroy” King Alexander. Zeus suggests
Phiedias’ Cryselephantine statue of Zeus at
Olympus; one of the 7 Wonders of the
Ancient World.
AR (Argentum) Silver Tetradrachm of
Alexander III, The Great. 336-323 B.C.E..
Heavy 17.10 Grams. Note: Consider the
obverse image of Alexander wearing a Lion
Headdress with the lions mouth covering the
back of his head, teeth under his ears; what a
powerful image for the populations he
conquered! This is a good example of the
use of coins for propaganda and for social or
political manipulation of the masses.
 Obverse: Alexander (Suggesting Hercules)
Facing Right wearing Lion-Head as
Headdress with Lion skin knotted at neck.
 Reverse: Zeus seated left holding eagle and
scepter, monogram in wreath to left, MI
below throne. Muller 734. Greek “Basileus
Alexandroy” King Alexander. Zeus suggests
Phiedias’ Cryselephantine statue of Zeus at
Olympus; one of the 7 Wonders of the
Ancient World.
AR (Argentum) Silver Tetradrachm of
Alexander III, The Great. 336-323 B.C.E..
Heavy 17.10 Grams. Note: Consider the
obverse image of Alexander wearing a Lion
Headdress with the lions mouth covering the
back of his head, teeth under his ears; what a
powerful image for the populations he
conquered! This is a good example of the
use of coins for propaganda and for social or
political manipulation of the masses.
Comparison Coin
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Tetradrachm of Ptolemy IITetradrachm of Ptolemy II
 Obverse: Ptolemy II, Diadem Head
Right. (A diadem is simply a long piece
of white cloth wrapped around the crown
of the head and draping the nape of the
neck signifying ‘Royalty’.)
 Reverse: Eagle Standing Left on
Thunderbolt 14.10 Grams. Greek Letters,
“Ptolemy Basilaeus” (Ptolemy King)
Silver Tetradrachm, AR (Argentum) 285-
246 B.C.E.. 14.10 Grams. Svornos
Catalog 371. Near Extremely Fine. Some
marks on the coin ‘fabric’ of the reverse
caused by rust on the dies used when the
coin was made (or struck). Ptolemy II was
instrumental in developing Alexandria as
the center of Mediterranean world culture.
He created the famous Library of
Alexandria and gave financial support to
scholars that made it an intellectual
haven.
 Obverse: Ptolemy II, Diadem Head
Right. (A diadem is simply a long piece
of white cloth wrapped around the crown
of the head and draping the nape of the
neck signifying ‘Royalty’.)
 Reverse: Eagle Standing Left on
Thunderbolt 14.10 Grams. Greek Letters,
“Ptolemy Basilaeus” (Ptolemy King)
Silver Tetradrachm, AR (Argentum) 285-
246 B.C.E.. 14.10 Grams. Svornos
Catalog 371. Near Extremely Fine. Some
marks on the coin ‘fabric’ of the reverse
caused by rust on the dies used when the
coin was made (or struck). Ptolemy II was
instrumental in developing Alexandria as
the center of Mediterranean world culture.
He created the famous Library of
Alexandria and gave financial support to
scholars that made it an intellectual
haven.
Alexander the Great took Egypt from the Persians in
332 B.C.E.. On his death in 323 B.C.E., one of his
Generals, Ptolemy, claimed Egypt as Pharaoh. He was
called that by the Egyptians themselves. Ptolemy thus
started the Ptolemaic dynasty that lasted until 30 B.C.E.
at the death of Cleopatra VII (last of the ‘Ptolemies’).
Ptolemy I proclaimed on the famous ‘Satrap Stele’, that
he would “….restore to Horus…the territory of Patanut
[Egypt], from this day forth for ever….” Egypt largely
prospered under Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine rule.
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Ptolemy II Tyre MintPtolemy II Tyre Mint
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo right,
with long curls.
 Reverse: Eagle standing left on
thunderbolt; club in field to left with what
appears to be a Gamma above. Some
scholars believe the obverse portrait on
this coin is that of Alexander III, ‘The
Great’ though minted more than 50 years
after Alexander; such might have been the
value in linking the current regimes to
Alexanders.
EGYPT: PTOLEMY II. 285-246 B.C.E..
Bronze -15mm minted in 269/8 B.C.E.
(4.27 gm). cf. Svornos 641/SNG. Cop
481 (Tyre mint). Scarce and Very
fine‘SNG Cop’ stands for “Sylloge
Nummorum Graecorum: The Royal
Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish
National Museum Copenhagen”. It’s a
multi-volume catalogue of ancient Greek
coins.
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo right,
with long curls.
 Reverse: Eagle standing left on
thunderbolt; club in field to left with what
appears to be a Gamma above. Some
scholars believe the obverse portrait on
this coin is that of Alexander III, ‘The
Great’ though minted more than 50 years
after Alexander; such might have been the
value in linking the current regimes to
Alexanders.
EGYPT: PTOLEMY II. 285-246 B.C.E..
Bronze -15mm minted in 269/8 B.C.E.
(4.27 gm). cf. Svornos 641/SNG. Cop
481 (Tyre mint). Scarce and Very
fine‘SNG Cop’ stands for “Sylloge
Nummorum Graecorum: The Royal
Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish
National Museum Copenhagen”. It’s a
multi-volume catalogue of ancient Greek
coins.
My Cabinet

Tyre Mint Coins (with Club)Tyre Mint Coins (with Club)
Club Symbol - Tyre Mint An extended denomination series of
Ptolemy III occurs with a distinct club symbol in the left field. There
are also a few coins of Ptolemy IV with the same symbol types
(identifiable as Ptolemy IV by the leg monograms). There are also
some coins of Ptolemy II with the club symbol in the same position,
usually with a different style of presentation. There are also club-
symbol coins that have additional symbols and for those, see below.
Also shown in these photos of 'club-only' coins is a club symbol type
accompanied by an ivy leaf countermark. This kind of variety is
possible when every coin die is unique, and you can only make a
small number of coins with a particular die before the dies break
or wear out.
www.ptolemybronze.com
My Cabinet

Bronze ‘Cartwheel’
Ptolemy II or III
Bronze ‘Cartwheel’
Ptolemy II or III
Obverse: Zeus facing Right. Note the central
divot or hole in the coin. It is not known exactly
what causes this on these coins, but it is
consistent, and thought to involve the minting
process in some way.
 Reverse: Eagle with wings held out. Cornucopia
in field. Auctioneer speculated this was a test cut
that mars the area to the left of the Eagle’s Body.
“Ptolemoy Basilaeus”, Ptolemy King however….
‘Bronze Cartwheel’ of Ptolemy IV. 221-205
B.C.E.. These coins are called, hyperbolically,
Cartwheels’ because they are so large and heavy.
They crossed several reigns and they did not
name a particular Ptolemy. But differences in
design, style, and fabric allow this one to be
dated more closely to either the reign of Ptolemy
II or III.
Obverse: Zeus facing Right. Note the central
divot or hole in the coin. It is not known exactly
what causes this on these coins, but it is
consistent, and thought to involve the minting
process in some way.
 Reverse: Eagle with wings held out. Cornucopia
in field. Auctioneer speculated this was a test cut
that mars the area to the left of the Eagle’s Body.
“Ptolemoy Basilaeus”, Ptolemy King however….
‘Bronze Cartwheel’ of Ptolemy IV. 221-205
B.C.E.. These coins are called, hyperbolically,
Cartwheels’ because they are so large and heavy.
They crossed several reigns and they did not
name a particular Ptolemy. But differences in
design, style, and fabric allow this one to be
dated more closely to either the reign of Ptolemy
II or III.
It’s interesting that Eagle’s right wing on both
examples have similar ‘damage’. They are
‘countermarks’ or ‘banker’s marks’ instead of test cuts.
This series is famous for it’s ‘Trident’ Countermarks
though these look like cornucopia.
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Didrachm Ptolemy VI
Philometor
Didrachm Ptolemy VI
Philometor
 Obverse: Ptolemy VI Right with diadem.
 Reverse: Eagle on thunderbolt. Ptolemoy
Basilaeus, Ptolemy King in ‘connect a dot’
lettering. By the way, the ‘dots’ are caused by
small ‘bow-drills’ used to make lettering
easier.
Silver Didrachm (2 Drachmas) of Ptolemy VI
from. Minted in Phoenicia around 153/2
B.C.E.. Ptolemy Philometor was a child when
his father died and his mother, Cleopatra I
(not the famous Cleopatra VII), ruled as
Regent. Therefore, when he ascended to
Pharaoh, he was called Philometor (One who
loves his mother). He married his Sister,
Cleopatra II which was de rigueur for
Egyptian Royalty at that time.
 Obverse: Ptolemy VI Right with diadem.
 Reverse: Eagle on thunderbolt. Ptolemoy
Basilaeus, Ptolemy King in ‘connect a dot’
lettering. By the way, the ‘dots’ are caused by
small ‘bow-drills’ used to make lettering
easier.
Silver Didrachm (2 Drachmas) of Ptolemy VI
from. Minted in Phoenicia around 153/2
B.C.E.. Ptolemy Philometor was a child when
his father died and his mother, Cleopatra I
(not the famous Cleopatra VII), ruled as
Regent. Therefore, when he ascended to
Pharaoh, he was called Philometor (One who
loves his mother). He married his Sister,
Cleopatra II which was de rigueur for
Egyptian Royalty at that time.
Museum quality comparison immediately above. Not same
coin dies, but elements are same: Obverse. Ptolemy VI Head
Right, Rev. “Eagle standing left on thunderbolt”. Svoronos
1490; SNG Copenhagen.
My Cabinet

What is a Headdress of Isis?What is a Headdress of Isis?
This picture depicts the goddess Isis. Isis is
seated on a throne. Isis was the wife of
Osiris and mother of Horus; therefore, the
mother of the gods. The characteristics that
allow us to know the seated goddess is Isis
are the horned headdress and the vulture on
her head. The Ptolemies & Seleucids both
paid homage to the Egyptian gods wherever
they were worshiped. This showed the
pragmatism of many successful conquerors.
The horns
support a
‘Sun Disk’
though it
can be a
disk or a
ball.
Comparisons: The two plumes rising from the disk may derive
from a later merging, or syncretism, of Isis with Mut, who
sometimes wore a twin-plumed headdress.
From My Cabinet 1 From My Cabinet 2

Antiochus VII Eurgetes
Headdress of Isis
Headdress of Isis
 Obverse: Winged bust of Eros facing
Right, wreathed with myrtle. Dotted
Obverse to avoid ‘clipping’.
 Reverse: ‘Two Plume” Head-dress of
Isis. Symbol and date; BASILEWS
ANTIOCOU EUERGETOU.
Seleucid Kingdom. Antiochos VII
Eurgetes (yoo-erg-et'-ace). AE
(Bronze) 18. 138-129 B.C.E. Struck
in Antioch. SNG Spaer 1901.
DNG/159. Rev. S, star and EOR (=
138/7 B.C.). Cf. SNG Spaer 1900-
1903 ID: SNG uk 1301 0618.
 Obverse: Winged bust of Eros facing
Right, wreathed with myrtle. Dotted
Obverse to avoid ‘clipping’.
ANTIOCOU EUERGETOU.
in Antioch. SNG Spaer 1901.
DNG/159. Rev. S, star and EOR (=
138/7 B.C.). Cf. SNG Spaer 1900-
1903 ID: SNG uk 1301 0618.
Comparison Coin.
My Cabinet 1

Ptolemy IX Soter Headdress of IsisPtolemy IX Soter Headdress of Isis
 Obverse: Diademed head of Zeus Ammon right
Poor obverse due to deterioration while buried.
 Reverse: Two eagles standing facing left on
thunderbolt; to left is “Single Plume” headdress
of Isis above monogram. Lettering visible read
Basilaeus (King) Fine. Pretty good overall
reverse.
Cleopatra III & Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros). 116-
107 B.C.E.. Æ Obol (6.29 g, 12h). Uncertain mint on
Cyprus. Svoronos 1482; cf. Weiser 171-172; SNG
Copenhagen 682-683. VF, flat strike. Rare. Soter
means Savior.
 Obverse: Diademed head of Zeus Ammon right
Poor obverse due to deterioration while buried.
 Reverse: Two eagles standing facing left on
thunderbolt; to left is “Single Plume” headdress
of Isis above monogram. Lettering visible read
Basilaeus (King) Fine. Pretty good overall
reverse.
Cleopatra III & Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros). 116-
107 B.C.E.. Æ Obol (6.29 g, 12h). Uncertain mint on
Cyprus. Svoronos 1482; cf. Weiser 171-172; SNG
Copenhagen 682-683. VF, flat strike. Rare. Soter
means Savior.
Comparison Coin WildWinds.comPicture from Coinarchives.com
My Cabinet 2

Headdress of Isis
Headdress of Isis
 Obverse: Winged bust of Eros
facing Right, wreathed with myrtle.
Dotted Obverse to avoid ‘clipping’.
ANTIOCOU EUERGETOU.
in Antioch. SNG Spaer 1913, 1914,
1915 BR111. Rev. S, star and EOR (=
138/7 B.C.). 5.99g
 Obverse: Winged bust of Eros
facing Right, wreathed with myrtle.
Dotted Obverse to avoid ‘clipping’.
ANTIOCOU EUERGETOU.
in Antioch. SNG Spaer 1913, 1914,
1915 BR111. Rev. S, star and EOR (=
138/7 B.C.). 5.99g
Comparison Coin.
My Cabinet 3

Trajan Headdress of Isis
Dichalkon (Roman Egypt)
 Obverse: Trajan: Laureate head right
 Reverse: “Two Plume” Headdress of
Isis; across field, L I-S. Milne -; Emmett
710.
Near VF, dark green patina with earthen
deposits. Very rare. Donated to the
‘Ancient Coin Collectors Guild’
Auction, August 17, 2008.
Comparison coin is a Trajan Dichalkon
that is in Trajan’s ‘Regnal Year’ 17.
(Written LIZ). Whereas the more rare,
‘Regnal Year 16’ is LIS.
Emperor Trajan. Roman Egypt.
Trajan. A.D. 98-117. ﾆ Dichalkon (13
mm, 1.73 gm 12'). Alexandria, Regnal
Year (year of Trajan’s reign) 16 (A.D.
112/3).
 Obverse: Trajan: Laureate head right
 Reverse: “Two Plume” Headdress of
Isis; across field, L I-S. Milne -; Emmett
710.
Near VF, dark green patina with earthen
deposits. Very rare. Donated to the
‘Ancient Coin Collectors Guild’
Auction, August 17, 2008.
Comparison coin is a Trajan Dichalkon
that is in Trajan’s ‘Regnal Year’ 17.
(Written LIZ). Whereas the more rare,
‘Regnal Year 16’ is LIS.
Emperor Trajan. Roman Egypt.
Trajan. A.D. 98-117. ﾆ Dichalkon (13
mm, 1.73 gm 12'). Alexandria, Regnal
Year (year of Trajan’s reign) 16 (A.D.
112/3).
Comparison Coin.
My Cabinet 4

M. Aquillius DenariusM. Aquillius Denarius
 Obverse: Radiate Head of Sol right. X
under chin. X is Roman Numeral 10.
One Silver Denarius = 10 Bronze
‘Ases’.
 Reverse: Luna in biga (two horse
Chariot), three stars and 1/4 Moon
above; one star below. “Man.
Aquill/Roma” in Exergue.
Manius Aquillius Silver Denarius, Rome
Mint, 108/109 B.C.E. Crawford Catalog
#303/1. Manius became Consul in 101
B.C.E.. Later, in 88 B.C.E., he was a
consular legate in the war against
Mithridates VI, ‘The Mad Genius’. Manius
Aquillius was captured and executed by
Mithridates VI who, it is said, had molten
gold poured down his throat.
 Obverse: Radiate Head of Sol right. X
under chin. X is Roman Numeral 10.
One Silver Denarius = 10 Bronze
‘Ases’.
 Reverse: Luna in biga (two horse
Chariot), three stars and 1/4 Moon
above; one star below. “Man.
Aquill/Roma” in Exergue.
Manius Aquillius Silver Denarius, Rome
Mint, 108/109 B.C.E. Crawford Catalog
#303/1. Manius became Consul in 101
B.C.E.. Later, in 88 B.C.E., he was a
consular legate in the war against
Mithridates VI, ‘The Mad Genius’. Manius
Aquillius was captured and executed by
Mithridates VI who, it is said, had molten
gold poured down his throat.
Comparison Wildwinds.com.
My Cabinet

L. Thorius Balbus Denarius
Obverse: Head of Juno Sospita r. wearing
goat skin headdress; I.S.M.R (Juno Sospita
Mater Regina…J was pronounced like an
I or Y) downwards behind. Juno Sospita,
or Juno the Preserver; also called
Lanuvina (because she had a temple and
statue at Lanuvium) was worshiped as the
Royal Mother.
 Reverse: Bull charging r., Letter E above
Bull is a ‘control mark’; below
L.THORIVS, in exergue BALBVS. VF.
I was attracted to this coin originally from
the 'cartoon aspect' of Juno Sospita. Her
image looked ‘Celtish’ in execution. The
Goat skin headdress on Juno is appealing
to me, as are all headdresses. Imagine the
political messages sent. “Juno the Savior
is on our side!” And to drive the message
home; a forward charging bull with its
gaze turned at the viewer. ‘
Obverse: Head of Juno Sospita r. wearing
goat skin headdress; I.S.M.R (Juno Sospita
Mater Regina…J was pronounced like an
I or Y) downwards behind. Juno Sospita,
or Juno the Preserver; also called
Lanuvina (because she had a temple and
statue at Lanuvium) was worshiped as the
Royal Mother.
 Reverse: Bull charging r., Letter E above
Bull is a ‘control mark’; below
L.THORIVS, in exergue BALBVS. VF.
I was attracted to this coin originally from
the 'cartoon aspect' of Juno Sospita. Her
image looked ‘Celtish’ in execution. The
Goat skin headdress on Juno is appealing
to me, as are all headdresses. Imagine the
political messages sent. “Juno the Savior
is on our side!” And to drive the message
home; a forward charging bull with its
gaze turned at the viewer. ‘
My Cabinet

The Three Roman Moneyers 90 B.C.E.The Three Roman Moneyers 90 B.C.E.
The Year 91 B.C.E. saw the beginning of the
Social War, or ‘Marsic War’ where Rome and the
nominally independent Italian city states that paid
her tribute fought a war for control of all of Italy.
In the first full year of this war. 90 B.C.E. the three
moneyers (The ‘triumviri monetales’) were Q.
Titianus, L. Piso Frugi, and C. Vibius C.F. Pansa.
The number of coins struck in this year was very
high to pay for the war. This was especially
important because Rome lost two great battles that
year, against the Marsi (thus Marsic War) and later
against the Samnites. The war was eventually
‘won’ by Rome after offering Roman citizenship to
all Italians who hadn’t fought against Rome or who
would lay down their arms.
Ironically, Roman citizenship for Italians was
proposed by Livius Drusus, consul, in 91 B.C.E.
For daring to propose this, he was assassinated. His
assassination precipitated the war.
The Year 91 B.C.E. saw the beginning of the
Social War, or ‘Marsic War’ where Rome and the
nominally independent Italian city states that paid
her tribute fought a war for control of all of Italy.
In the first full year of this war. 90 B.C.E. the three
moneyers (The ‘triumviri monetales’) were Q.
Titianus, L. Piso Frugi, and C. Vibius C.F. Pansa.
The number of coins struck in this year was very
high to pay for the war. This was especially
important because Rome lost two great battles that
year, against the Marsi (thus Marsic War) and later
against the Samnites. The war was eventually
‘won’ by Rome after offering Roman citizenship to
all Italians who hadn’t fought against Rome or who
would lay down their arms.
Ironically, Roman citizenship for Italians was
proposed by Livius Drusus, consul, in 91 B.C.E.
For daring to propose this, he was assassinated. His
assassination precipitated the war.
L. Piso Frugi from my Cabinet
C. Vibius C.F. Pansa from my Cabinet
Quintius Titius from my Cabinet

Quintius Titius
Silver Denarius
Quintius Titius
Silver Denarius
Q. Titius 90 B.C.E. Silver denarius, Pegasus 17
mm.
 Obverse: Head of Mutinus Tutunus (or Priapus)
right, bound with winged diadem.
 Reverse: Pegasus rearing right on inscribed
tablet: ‘QTITI’ Below. From Rome mint.
Crawford 341/1; Sydenham 691; Titia 1. Formerly
in Robert Kutcher collection.
The photograph at upper right does not do this
coin justice. This Denarius has a smooth, rich
‘cabinet toned’ patina that is by by far the best in
my collection. Note the sculptural aspect to
Pegasus. Looking at the previous slide that shows
examples of coins from all three moneyers in 90
B.C.E. it appears as if a Greek artist from three
hundred years earlier was resurrected to cut the
dies for this one. A sumptuous coin and one of my
favorites.
Q. Titius 90 B.C.E. Silver denarius, Pegasus 17
mm.
 Obverse: Head of Mutinus Tutunus (or Priapus)
right, bound with winged diadem.
 Reverse: Pegasus rearing right on inscribed
tablet: ‘QTITI’ Below. From Rome mint.
Crawford 341/1; Sydenham 691; Titia 1. Formerly
in Robert Kutcher collection.
The photograph at upper right does not do this
coin justice. This Denarius has a smooth, rich
‘cabinet toned’ patina that is by by far the best in
my collection. Note the sculptural aspect to
Pegasus. Looking at the previous slide that shows
examples of coins from all three moneyers in 90
B.C.E. it appears as if a Greek artist from three
hundred years earlier was resurrected to cut the
dies for this one. A sumptuous coin and one of my
favorites.
My Cabinet

L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi
Silver Denarius
L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi
Silver Denarius
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo r., arrow
behind. Arrow was there as Apollo as Archer
was important given the beginning of the Social
War.
 Reverse: Horseman r, palm over shoulder;
below, L PISO FRVGI / CIIII. Palm of Victory.
Honoring the Games of Apollo. Message:
Romans Win!
L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi; Denarius, Rome, 90
B.C.E., 3.89g. Cr-340/1, Syd-663. My eye was
drawn at first to the long hair locks of Apollo,
but I was even more attracted to the spare image
of the galloping horse and rider! The image is
clean on the surface and gives a vibrant sense
of speed. Marvelous piece. A common coin, but
exciting nonetheless.
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo r., arrow
behind. Arrow was there as Apollo as Archer
was important given the beginning of the Social
War.
 Reverse: Horseman r, palm over shoulder;
below, L PISO FRVGI / CIIII. Palm of Victory.
Honoring the Games of Apollo. Message:
Romans Win!
L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi; Denarius, Rome, 90
B.C.E., 3.89g. Cr-340/1, Syd-663. My eye was
drawn at first to the long hair locks of Apollo,
but I was even more attracted to the spare image
of the galloping horse and rider! The image is
clean on the surface and gives a vibrant sense
of speed. Marvelous piece. A common coin, but
exciting nonetheless.
My Cabinet
Horse from DaVinci Notebook

C. Vibius C.f. Pansa
Silver Denarius
C. Vibius C.f. Pansa
Silver Denarius
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo Right. “Pansa”
behind his head almost off the flan of the coin.
Uncertain symbol below chin.
 Reverse is Minerva in Quadriga with C Vibius CF in
Exergue. Vibius is the more important ‘Family Clan
Name’.
The comparison coin shows what a less worn, and
better executed, Pansa Denarius could look like.
Stunning. Silver (AG) Denarius. Gaius Vibius C.F.
Pansa was a Moneyer in 90 B.C.E., along with L.
Calpurnius Piso Frugi & Quintus Titius. Also he was
Military Tribune twice. This Denarius is standard
weight for the time of 3.96g. This one is listed in
Crawford-342/5b, Sydenham-684 Vibia 2.
 Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo Right. “Pansa”
behind his head almost off the flan of the coin.
Uncertain symbol below chin.
 Reverse is Minerva in Quadriga with C Vibius CF in
Exergue. Vibius is the more important ‘Family Clan
Name’.
The comparison coin shows what a less worn, and
better executed, Pansa Denarius could look like.
Stunning. Silver (AG) Denarius. Gaius Vibius C.F.
Pansa was a Moneyer in 90 B.C.E., along with L.
Calpurnius Piso Frugi & Quintus Titius. Also he was
Military Tribune twice. This Denarius is standard
weight for the time of 3.96g. This one is listed in
Crawford-342/5b, Sydenham-684 Vibia 2.
My Cabinet
Wildwinds.com Virtual Coin Archive.

C. Hosidius C.f. Geta
Silver Denarius
C. Hosidius C.f. Geta
Silver Denarius
 Obverse: Diademed bust of Diana
(Artemis) right; bow and quiver over
shoulder. GETA in field right.
 Reverse: Wild boar of Calydon right,
pierced by spear and attacked by dog.
C. Hosidius C. f. Geta. 64 B.C. AR
denarius (16 mm, 3.48 g). Crawford 407/2;
Sydenham 903; Hosidia 1. Toned Fine
THE HUS KALYDONIOS (or Calydonian
Boar) was a gigantic boar sent by Artemis
to ravage the countryside of Kalydon to
punish King Oineus for neglecting her in
the offering of the first fruits to the
gods.The king summoned heroes from
throughout Greece to hunt down the beast.
The famed Calydonian Boar Hunt
Excellent example of same type coin lower
right. However, the ‘rough’ look of my
coin was an attraction and I find both
beautiful in different ways.
My Cabinet

Aulus Plautius Silver DenariusAulus Plautius Silver Denarius
Obverse. Cybele facing right.
Reverse. ”Bacchius” kneeling with camel at side
surrendering Judaea to Rome. Near EF.
In 55 BC the moneyer Aulus Plautius issued a
denarius whose obverse bears a turreted head of
Cybele, likely a reference to the Megalesian
games sponsored by Rome's curule aediles, a title
Plautius included on his coin. Reverse shows a
man kneeling beside a camel, extending an olive
branch. The legend on the reverse is
"BACCHIVS IVDAEUS" (Bacchius, King of the
Jews). Enigmatic; no Bacchius King in Judea.
Auction Example
My Cabinet/Gift from Sue Malone
Auction Example

Enigma of Roman Numismatics?
“Bacchius of Judea, on the reverse of the denarius of
Aulus Plautius, can with confidence be identified as
Aristobulus II, High Priest of Judea. The coin shows
that Plautius and the Senate either equated YHWH
with Bacchus or believed that Aristobulus worshiped
Bacchus* or equated these gods. That Aristobulus did
in fact equate Bacchus and YHWH seems plausible, if
not probable, based on Josephus, 2nd Maccabees and
archaeological evidence. Thus it is likely that the
coin's reverse inscription, "BACCHIUS IVDAEVS,"
accurately reflects the defeat and capture of a Jewish
high priest of Bacchus.**
* Storage notes elsewhere that Judea in 55 BCE had been
a highly Helenized, and divided, region.
** http://www.rome101.com/Bacchius/
The big question is who is Bacchius? The traditional coin
Roman motif when Rome conquered or intimidated
a region into paying tribute was to show the king of
the country in a subordinate aspect such as kneeling
and extending an olive branch of peace to the Roman
‘conquerors’. The problem is that there is no record
of a King Bacchius in Judea, ever.
Scholars disagree, but theories run from the Moneyer
Plautius, conflating YHWH with Bacchus (AKA
Dionysus) and to conflating the name Bacchius with
Aristobulus, Jewish high priest (suitable for
recognition as a Jewish king).
William Storage sums up his conclusion succinctly as…
Three years
before Plautius,
Scaurus put
Camel motif on
Obverse of his
coin.
Three years later,
Plautius put same
Camel motif on
Reverse of his coin.

Antoninus Fulvius Pius Denarius
Antonius Pius AD 138-161, AR Denarius,
19mm, 3.21gm. old cabinet toning, C.
199, Ex: Mount Angel Abbey Collection
 Obverse. . Laureate head right.
 Reverse. Vesta standing left.
Vesta was the Roman Goddess of the
Hearth. That is, Goddess of the fireplace.
The Temple of Vesta had a hearth that
was tended by the Vestal Virgins. It was
located in the Forum.
Each new years day, March 1 back then,
the fire was put out and restarted in a big
ceremony. If the fire went out any other
day, it was considered disastrous to
Rome.
Comparison Coin
My Cabinet

Diocletian AntoninianusDiocletian Antoninianus
 Obverse: IMP DIOCLETIANVS AVG,
radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right
 Reverse: IOVI AVGG, Jupiter seated left
holding Victory on globe & scepter, ‘I’ in
exergue. Reverse is Excellent.
Diocletian ‘Silver’ Antoninianus was ‘silver
washed’ when new, but no silver is left on this
one. So this is a bronze, AE, Antoninianus. Ca;
290-294. Lyon mint?
Early Republican silver coins were pure and
carefully weighed. This was when the Republic
was powerful and its coinage reflected that
power. As various later emperors suffered
economic troubles, they first adulterated the
silver with more bronze/copper, then when
things were really bad, they washed the now all
bronze coins with silver, as if people were
fooled. They were not.
 Obverse: IMP DIOCLETIANVS AVG,
radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right
 Reverse: IOVI AVGG, Jupiter seated left
holding Victory on globe & scepter, ‘I’ in
exergue. Reverse is Excellent.
Diocletian ‘Silver’ Antoninianus was ‘silver
washed’ when new, but no silver is left on this
one. So this is a bronze, AE, Antoninianus. Ca;
290-294. Lyon mint?
Early Republican silver coins were pure and
carefully weighed. This was when the Republic
was powerful and its coinage reflected that
power. As various later emperors suffered
economic troubles, they first adulterated the
silver with more bronze/copper, then when
things were really bad, they washed the now all
bronze coins with silver, as if people were
fooled. They were not. This ’Museum’ sample still has Silver Wash mostly
Intact. RIC 34, Cohen 169.
My Cabinet

Marcus Ulpius Trajanus SestertiusMarcus Ulpius Trajanus Sestertius
 Obverse: The images show: head of Trajan
facing right. Bronze Sestertius, RIC 503.
British Museum Catalog BMC 800.
 Reverse: Pax (Peace) holding a branch &
cornucopia; trampling down Dacia. If you
look carefully at the feet of the goddess on
the top coin, you can see a "blob" that is the
head & shoulders of a captive from Dacia.
Modern Romania is the nearest location to
the area known as Dacia. SC stands for
Senatus Consulto (By order or authority of
the Senate. Trajan was Emperor, but a nice
piece of propaganda.)
Interesting note: Professor Wutheridge,
played by Monty Wooly, in film The Bishop’s
Wife, with Gary Grant, Loretta Young, and
David Niven, in 1947, gave The Bishop’s
Wife this type coin for the bishop’s
“cathedral fund”. Though the movie called
it ‘The Widows Mite’ weighing in at 22.5g
and being 37mm wide, it’s hardly a ‘mite’.
 Obverse: The images show: head of Trajan
facing right. Bronze Sestertius, RIC 503.
British Museum Catalog BMC 800.
 Reverse: Pax (Peace) holding a branch &
cornucopia; trampling down Dacia. If you
look carefully at the feet of the goddess on
the top coin, you can see a "blob" that is the
head & shoulders of a captive from Dacia.
Modern Romania is the nearest location to
the area known as Dacia. SC stands for
Senatus Consulto (By order or authority of
the Senate. Trajan was Emperor, but a nice
piece of propaganda.)
Interesting note: Professor Wutheridge,
played by Monty Wooly, in film The Bishop’s
Wife, with Gary Grant, Loretta Young, and
David Niven, in 1947, gave The Bishop’s
Wife this type coin for the bishop’s
“cathedral fund”. Though the movie called
it ‘The Widows Mite’ weighing in at 22.5g
and being 37mm wide, it’s hardly a ‘mite’. Near Perfect Museum Quality
My Cabinet

Trajan Bronze Follis
 Syria, Laodicea ad Mare: Trajan AD 98-
117 (Yr. 162 = AD 114/5). AE 26mm,
12.43gm.
 Obverse. Laureate bust right
 Reverse. Turreted Crown and draped bust of
Tyche right, Date in legend around.
 VF, SNG Cop.346.
 Trajan AE 28mm of Laodikeia ad Mare. Syria.
114/5 AD. Laureate bust right, draped on left
shoulder / IOULIEWN TWN KAI
LAODIKEWN, Veiled and turreted bust of
Tyche right.
Another example
My Cabinet

Trajan Bronze Provincial
Syria Antioch Trajan AD 98-117. AE-
29mm, 16.29gm. Laureate head right / SC
within wreath. Fine, GIC 1078.
 Obverse: Laureate head right.
 Reverse: SC (Ex Senatus Consulto: By
decree of the Senate) within wreath.
 Trajan of Antioch, Syria. IMP KAIC NEP
TPAIAN, laureate head right / large SC,
small D below, all in wreath.
Comparison Examples
My Cabinet

Jewish Prutah
 Obverse: Umbrella-like canopy with fringes,
Agrippa Basilaeus. Agrippa King.
 Reverse: Three ears of barley growing
between two leave, flanked by date 41-42
CE. Really “Year 6” of Agrippa I’s reign.
Catalogued as Hendin #553. From Hendin’s
Guide to Biblical Coins, 3rd Edition. “This is
apparently the sole coin of Agrippa I that was
struck for use in those of his territories
largely populated by Jews. Indeed,
archaeological evidence bears this out. The
other coins of Agrippa I are rarely found in
the territory of ancient Judea, but instead are
found in the far north of Israel and in Jordan.
Note: Agrippa I was savvy in that he did not
put ‘graven images’ of the Roman Emperor
or other deities on coins meant for Jewish
consumption.
 Obverse: Umbrella-like canopy with fringes,
Agrippa Basilaeus. Agrippa King.
 Reverse: Three ears of barley growing
between two leave, flanked by date 41-42
CE. Really “Year 6” of Agrippa I’s reign.
Catalogued as Hendin #553. From Hendin’s
Guide to Biblical Coins, 3rd Edition. “This is
apparently the sole coin of Agrippa I that was
struck for use in those of his territories
largely populated by Jews. Indeed,
archaeological evidence bears this out. The
other coins of Agrippa I are rarely found in
the territory of ancient Judea, but instead are
found in the far north of Israel and in Jordan.
Note: Agrippa I was savvy in that he did not
put ‘graven images’ of the Roman Emperor
or other deities on coins meant for Jewish
consumption.
Comparison Coin from Harlan Berk Buy/Bid
Sale number 155.
My Cabinet

Philip V - Macedonia
 Obverse: Macedonian shield with circular pattern
within border of dots.
 Reverse: Plumed helmet with ear of grain and K
below. 4.3g, 14mm, 1h. SNG Cp 1253v. Not very
sharp detail. Reverse in poor shape.
Greek Macedonia AE14, Philip V 220-179
B.C.E.. Italy, was weakened by Hannibal, so Philip
tried to take the Roman holdings in Illyria. He made
a treaty with Hannibal in 215 which began the 1st
Macedonian War with Rome (215-205), which
Philip won. Philip aligned, in 202, with Antiochus
III to expand in the Aegean by plundering the
possessions of Ptolemy V but Rhodes and
Pergamum asked Rome for help. This started the
2nd Macedonian War (200) which ended when
Titus Quintus Flaminius beat Philip at
Cynoscephalae (now Khalkodhonion) Hills in
197. After that, Philip collaborated with the
Romans.
 Obverse: Macedonian shield with circular pattern
within border of dots.
 Reverse: Plumed helmet with ear of grain and K
below. 4.3g, 14mm, 1h. SNG Cp 1253v. Not very
sharp detail. Reverse in poor shape.
Greek Macedonia AE14, Philip V 220-179
B.C.E.. Italy, was weakened by Hannibal, so Philip
tried to take the Roman holdings in Illyria. He made
a treaty with Hannibal in 215 which began the 1st
Macedonian War with Rome (215-205), which
Philip won. Philip aligned, in 202, with Antiochus
III to expand in the Aegean by plundering the
possessions of Ptolemy V but Rhodes and
Pergamum asked Rome for help. This started the
2nd Macedonian War (200) which ended when
Titus Quintus Flaminius beat Philip at
Cynoscephalae (now Khalkodhonion) Hills in
197. After that, Philip collaborated with the
Romans.
Good Quality Example
My Cabinet

Constantius II
Follis
 Obverse: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C
(Flavius Julius Constantius Noblisimus
Caesar) laureate and cuirassed bust right.
 Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS, (The Glory
of the Army) two soldiers, each holding spear
and shield on ground, flanking two standards,
DSIS in ex.
Bronze Follis (AE) 3, RIC 221, VF, Siscia
mint, 1.54g, 18.5mm, 330 - 331 A.D. Highly
cleaned so ‘brassy looking’. Museum
comparison coin has nice protective green
patina.
 Obverse: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C
(Flavius Julius Constantius Noblisimus
Caesar) laureate and cuirassed bust right.
 Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS, (The Glory
of the Army) two soldiers, each holding spear
and shield on ground, flanking two standards,
DSIS in ex.
Bronze Follis (AE) 3, RIC 221, VF, Siscia
mint, 1.54g, 18.5mm, 330 - 331 A.D. Highly
cleaned so ‘brassy looking’. Museum
comparison coin has nice protective green
patina.
Comparison Coin
Near Original Mint State
My Cabinet

Otacilia Severa
AR Antoninianus
http://ettuantiquities.com/Philip_1/Otacilia-3.htm
Sear - 2629Seaby - 39VM - 10RIC - 115Obverse:
"OTACIL SEVERA AVG" Diademed and
draped bust right, on crescentMint and Year:
Rome - undated (AD 248)Weight: 4.51
grams Die axis: 170 degreesRarity: common
Reverse: "PIETAS AVGG"
Pietas (Piety, Dutifulness) standing half-left,
holding box of perfume and raising right hand
over altar; Greek character delta in field..Note
This coin, with the Greek mint mark in field is
part of the series of her husband and son.
Comparison example
My Cabinet

Constantine I (The Great)
 AE-3 Bronze AE-3 (Follis). 20 mm widest
point. 2.82gms.
 Siscia Mint. AD 320. AE-3 (Follis)
 Obverse. Helmeted and cuirassed bust right
Constantine I.
 Reverse. VIRTVS EXERCIT, two captives
seated either side of banner inscribed VOT
XX, S left, F right, BSIS* in exergue.
 RIC (Roman Imperial Coinage) Volume VII.
Number 109. Rarity Rating 3 (Very Rare).
 Constantine was sole Roman Emperor at this
time. He had not yet moved the capital of the
empire to Byzantium. He didn’t dedicate that
city, which he called ‘New Rome’ until 330.
Siscia was the Latin name of today’s Sisak in
Croatia. It lies on a more or less direct land
line from northern Italy to Constantinople.
Museum quality example
My Cabinet

Constans AE 2 Centenionalis.
Nicomedia
RIC VIII 70
Constans AE Centenionalis. 348-
351 AD. DN CONSTANS PF
AVG, diademed, draped &
cuirassed bust left holding globe /
FEL TEMP REPARATIO, soldier
dragging young barbarian from hut
tree, SMNB in ex.,
Constans 333-350 AD As Augustus
Ae Centenionalis 4.86g 20mm
Obverse: Diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right,
holding globe. DN CONSTANS
PF AVG
Reverse: Emperor leading barbarian from hut beneath
palm tree. FEL TEMP
REPARATIO Mint SMNB
Nicomedia Sear 3976 Per scan.
Though great detail, especially the reverse, the
obverse is porous on the right side.
My Cabinet

Constantine II
Wildwinds.com example
Mintmark: SMALB. RIC VII Alexandria 59, rated scarce.
Constantine II AE3. CONSTANTINVS
IVN NOB C, laureate cuirassed bust
right / GLORIA EXERCITVS, two
soldiers holding spears & shields, two
standards between them, *
 Obv: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C,
laureate, cuirassed bust right
 Rev: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two
soldiers holding spears and shields with
two standards between them.
My Cabinet

Justinian (527-565)
40 Nummi
Justinian (527-565)
40 Nummi
 Obverse: Justinian facing, holding globus
cruciger (Globe with cross), and a shield
decorated with a rider, cross in the right
field. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVG
 Reverse: ANNO-XII, M in the center, cross
above, B in the center, NIK (Nikomedia
Mint) in exergue. Superb huge coin, dating
to 538/9.
Very large bronze follis of Justinian (527-
565 AD), measuring 45 mm X 43mm in
diameter. , 18 g.
 Obverse: Justinian facing, holding globus
cruciger (Globe with cross), and a shield
decorated with a rider, cross in the right
field. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVG
 Reverse: ANNO-XII, M in the center, cross
above, B in the center, NIK (Nikomedia
Mint) in exergue. Superb huge coin, dating
to 538/9.
Very large bronze follis of Justinian (527-
565 AD), measuring 45 mm X 43mm in
diameter. , 18 g.
Comparison Example
My Cabinet

Justin II & Sophia (565-578)Justin II & Sophia (565-578)
 Obverse: Justin II and Sophia facing. (Aelia
Sophia died c. 601 was his Empress consort.
She was also Co-Emperor’ esp.. when Justin II
suffered bouts of ‘insanity’. She ruled with great
strength & was the smart one.) Justin Left with
Globus Cruciger. Sophia Right with Cross.
Latin inscriptions: Justinianus, PPAVG (“Justin
Pater Patriae, father of his country, Augustus,
Emperor).
 Reverse: The "M" is the denomination. M=40.
This is a 40 Nummi follis. Above the "M" is a
Christian cross. On left "ANNO," means year,
and the year of their reign is ‘regnal year’ is on
right ” That is, year 5. CON means it was minted
in Constantinople.
Follis AKA. 40 Nummis. 28 mm. VF.
The nephew of Justinian he was selected for
succession before his uncle’s death. Justinian
left many problems due his overambitious
plans. Within 5 years Italy was lost to Lombard
invaders & Spain was lost to Visigoths. He
started a war with Khusru by refusing to pay
tribute. He abdicated to Tiberius (not that one).
 Obverse: Justin II and Sophia facing. (Aelia
Sophia died c. 601 was his Empress consort.
She was also Co-Emperor’ esp.. when Justin II
suffered bouts of ‘insanity’. She ruled with great
strength & was the smart one.) Justin Left with
Globus Cruciger. Sophia Right with Cross.
Latin inscriptions: Justinianus, PPAVG (“Justin
Pater Patriae, father of his country, Augustus,
Emperor).
 Reverse: The "M" is the denomination. M=40.
This is a 40 Nummi follis. Above the "M" is a
Christian cross. On left "ANNO," means year,
and the year of their reign is ‘regnal year’ is on
right ” That is, year 5. CON means it was minted
in Constantinople.
Follis AKA. 40 Nummis. 28 mm. VF.
The nephew of Justinian he was selected for
succession before his uncle’s death. Justinian
left many problems due his overambitious
plans. Within 5 years Italy was lost to Lombard
invaders & Spain was lost to Visigoths. He
started a war with Khusru by refusing to pay
tribute. He abdicated to Tiberius (not that one).
Example for comparison of Justin II and Sophia; note on
Bottom coin, NIKO on Reverse in exergue (under the line
On the bottom of the reverse) says NIKO, Vs CON under
the top coin. Top coin was struck at Constantinople mint and
Bottom coin was struck at mint in Nikomedia.
My Cabinet

Constantinople
Coins of the Latin Kings
Constantinople
Coins of the Latin Kings
3 Byzantine AE trachea. Latin rulers.
The Latin Rulers were the result of the
Fourth Crusade gone horribly wrong.
These coins are various Latin rulers of
Constantinople and Thessalonica. This
“Era of the Latin Kings” was from
1204-1261 AD. These coins actually
have pretty good surfaces and detail for
these issues.
Diameters of these ‘Scyphate’ or highly
‘cupped’ coins are 24mm approx.
Compare to this Museum Quality Piece
These are about as good as they get!
3 Byzantine AE trachea. Latin rulers.
The Latin Rulers were the result of the
Fourth Crusade gone horribly wrong.
These coins are various Latin rulers of
Constantinople and Thessalonica. This
“Era of the Latin Kings” was from
1204-1261 AD. These coins actually
have pretty good surfaces and detail for
these issues.
Diameters of these ‘Scyphate’ or highly
‘cupped’ coins are 24mm approx.
Compare to this Museum Quality Piece
These are about as good as they get!
Continued
Next
Page

There were five
Latin Kings of
Constantinople
from 1204-1261
AD, and there is
documentary
evidence that they
minted coins. But
no coins have their
names or other
identifying marks
on them. (Probably
due to control from
Venice.) The three
coins shown, are
images of Christ or
the Archangel
Michael on front,
with the King and
the Virgin on the
back.
Latin Emperors of
Constantinople
1204-5 Baldwin
I/Flanders
1206-16
Henry*/Flanders
1217 Peter of
Courtenay
1217-19 Yolande
(Regent)
1221-28
Robert***/Courtenay
1228-1261 Baldwin
II***
1231 -37 John de
Brienne
From Previous Page
My Pictures of same coins
*Henry, Brother of Baldwin
**Yolande, wife of Peter/Courtenay
Mother of Robert & Baldwin II.
***Robert & Baldwin were sons of Yolande & Peter.

Andronicus II & Michael IX
Gold Hyperpyron
Gold Hyperpyron
 ObverseObverse: Bust of the Virgin Orans within the: Bust of the Virgin Orans within the
walls of Constantinople.walls of Constantinople.
 ReverseReverse: Andronicus II & Michael IX: Andronicus II & Michael IX
kneeling on either side of Christ who iskneeling on either side of Christ who is
crowning both emperors.crowning both emperors.
AU, Gold, Hyperpyron of Andronicus II &
Michael IX. Constantinople Mint. Romaion
(Byzantine) Circa 1295 -1320 CE. 2.90g.
Andronicus II was raised to co-emperor status
by his father Michael VIII in 1272.
Andronicus II inherited the throne in 1282.
He elevated his son, Michael IX to share the
throne in 1295. Michael died in 1320. A civil
war ensued between Andronicus II and his
grandson, Michael’s son, Andronicus III with
whom he eventually shared power but not
until the empire was further weakened. Note:
Again, politics and propaganda, Virgin Mary
(Orans) inside the gates of Constantinople
protecting all within, and Christ blessing the
two ‘new’ emperors.
 ObverseObverse: Bust of the Virgin Orans within the: Bust of the Virgin Orans within the
walls of Constantinople.walls of Constantinople.
 ReverseReverse: Andronicus II & Michael IX: Andronicus II & Michael IX
kneeling on either side of Christ who iskneeling on either side of Christ who is
crowning both emperors.crowning both emperors.
AU, Gold, Hyperpyron of Andronicus II &
Michael IX. Constantinople Mint. Romaion
(Byzantine) Circa 1295 -1320 CE. 2.90g.
Andronicus II was raised to co-emperor status
by his father Michael VIII in 1272.
Andronicus II inherited the throne in 1282.
He elevated his son, Michael IX to share the
throne in 1295. Michael died in 1320. A civil
war ensued between Andronicus II and his
grandson, Michael’s son, Andronicus III with
whom he eventually shared power but not
until the empire was further weakened. Note:
Again, politics and propaganda, Virgin Mary
(Orans) inside the gates of Constantinople
protecting all within, and Christ blessing the
two ‘new’ emperors.
From Harlan J. Berk Auction
My Cabinet

The coin designs of my Andronicus II/Michael IX
Basilikon (top right), Ivan Alexander Bulgarian Grosche
(center right) share the same style/design with my Doge
Soranzo Grosso (bottom right). The reasons for this are
many:
1. Constantinople was the most stable of the countries in
the area for nearly 1,000 years….so their money was
recognized far outside their, shrinking, sphere of influence.
Rapine by the Fourth Crusade allowed for the rise of the
Bulgarian Empire and the Venetian trading empire.
2. Ivan Alexander, the Bularian Emperor, had created a
similar coin intended to put the Bulgarian Empire on a par
with both powers.
3. The Venetians had created a coin very similar in design
to the Basilikon as they controlled most of the major
Mediterranean ports formerly controlled by Byzantium.
4. The following quote is from the Fourth International
Numismatic Congress meeting in 2004. “A close review of
the types (of Bulgarian Grosche) shows that the immediate
model for these coins was actually the Byzantine basilikon
denomination of the Palaeologan emperors Andronicus II
and Michael IX, rather than the Venetian grosso”.
5. So the order was likely “Basilikon, Grosche.” Still
awaiting die studies to see where Grosso is in this mix.
The coin designs of my Andronicus II/Michael IX
Basilikon (top right), Ivan Alexander Bulgarian Grosche
(center right) share the same style/design with my Doge
Soranzo Grosso (bottom right). The reasons for this are
many:
1. Constantinople was the most stable of the countries in
the area for nearly 1,000 years….so their money was
recognized far outside their, shrinking, sphere of influence.
Rapine by the Fourth Crusade allowed for the rise of the
Bulgarian Empire and the Venetian trading empire.
2. Ivan Alexander, the Bularian Emperor, had created a
similar coin intended to put the Bulgarian Empire on a par
with both powers.
3. The Venetians had created a coin very similar in design
to the Basilikon as they controlled most of the major
Mediterranean ports formerly controlled by Byzantium.
4. The following quote is from the Fourth International
Numismatic Congress meeting in 2004. “A close review of
the types (of Bulgarian Grosche) shows that the immediate
model for these coins was actually the Byzantine basilikon
denomination of the Palaeologan emperors Andronicus II
and Michael IX, rather than the Venetian grosso”.
5. So the order was likely “Basilikon, Grosche.” Still
awaiting die studies to see where Grosso is in this mix.
Constantinople, Bulgaria, & VeniceConstantinople, Bulgaria, & Venice
Grosche of Bulgarian Empire
Basilikon of Constantinople
Grosso of Venice
Three ‘Empires’ co-incident and contemporary.

Romaion (Byzantine)Romaion (Byzantine) Silver Basilikon
Romaion (Byzantine)Romaion (Byzantine) Silver Basilikon
 Obv. Christ seated on throne, his right
hand in sling of his cloak with his left on
book of Gospels. Letters IC to the left of
Christ’s head, and XC to the Right.
 Rev. Greek: “ANKOCOPI MXALHVO P
(Andronicus II King). Andronicus has a fork-
shaped beard. He is to the right with a
beardless Michael IX who is standing facing
& holding a patriarchal cross on a step
between them.
Andronicus II & Michael IX; Basilikon,
Constantinople, c. 1295-1320 AD, 1.70g.
Sear-2402. Areas of flat striking, otherwise
aEF. Sear Byzantine Coins and their Values #
sb2400.
Andronicus II and Michael IX. 1295-1320
AD. AR Basilikon. 1.70g. Sear - sb2400.
Constantinople Mint. Christ enthroned /
AVTOKPATOPEC POMEON, Andronicus
and Michael standing, holding labarum
between them.
 Obv. Christ seated on throne, his right
hand in sling of his cloak with his left on
book of Gospels. Letters IC to the left of
Christ’s head, and XC to the Right.
 Rev. Greek: “ANKOCOPI MXALHVO P
(Andronicus II King). Andronicus has a fork-
shaped beard. He is to the right with a
beardless Michael IX who is standing facing
& holding a patriarchal cross on a step
between them.
Andronicus II & Michael IX; Basilikon,
Constantinople, c. 1295-1320 AD, 1.70g.
Sear-2402. Areas of flat striking, otherwise
aEF. Sear Byzantine Coins and their Values #
sb2400.
Andronicus II and Michael IX. 1295-1320
AD. AR Basilikon. 1.70g. Sear - sb2400.
Constantinople Mint. Christ enthroned /
AVTOKPATOPEC POMEON, Andronicus
and Michael standing, holding labarum
between them.
Museum Quality
My Cabinet

Ivan Alexander & Michael Asen
Bulgaria Silver Grosche
Silver Groshe, Bulgarian Empire 1331-1355
AD, Ivan Alexander and Michael Asen.
 Obverse: Christ nimbate and enthroned
facing, both hands raised in benediction.
21mm, 1.50 grams
 Reverse: Ivan on left, his son Michael. (Tsar
Ivan Alexander (left) and his co-emperor
Michael Asen (right); banner between them.
At their feet, at each side of the staff are stars.
Ivan Alexander ruled as Emperor (Tsar;
from Caesar) of Bulgarian Empire from 1331
to 1371. The date of his birth is unknown. He
died on February 17, 1371. The long reign of
this extremely competent leader is considered
to be a key transitional period in Bulgarian
history. He started his rule by dealing with
internal problems and external threats from
Bulgaria's neighbors, the Byzantine Empire
and Serbia. He also carried Bulgaria into a
period of economic recovery and cultural and
religious renewal.
My Cabinet

Doge Soranzo & St Mark
Venice Silver Grosso
Venice, AR grosso - Giovanni Soranzo, 1312-
1328 AD. 20mm, 2.16 grams
 Obverse: Christ on a throne holding book of
Gospels between IC - XC
 Reverse: IO' SVRANTIO - DVX S M
VENETI Doge (military governor) and St.
Mark standing facing, holding standard
between them, DVX vertically to left of pole.
St. Mark is holding a book of Gospels as well.
Product of the Zecca, the Medieval
Venetian Mint. This particular coin has a
relatively strong strike on Christ's features for
this issue. Also, significant clipping around
the edges. The Iconography of Christ is the
same as used by the Russian Orthodox church.
My Cabinet

Spalapati Deva Drachm
“Bull
& Horseman”
Spalapati Deva Drachm
“Bull
& Horseman”
 Obverse: Brahma Bull reclining left, Sri
Spalapati Deva in Nagari script above.
 Reverse: Horseman advancing r., Corrupt
Brahmi script, Shahi Deva (?) to right. Kabul
mint.
Hindu Shahis Silver (AR) drachm or jital
(19mm) Sri Spalapati Deva c. 750-900 AD.
Size: 22 mm Weight: 11.71 g, Spalapati Deva is
a title equivalent to "Military Commander".
Note the ‘Brahma Bull’s hump. Horse has an
almost ‘Iberian Celtic’ style. A relatively
common, but interesting, silver coin.
 Obverse: Brahma Bull reclining left, Sri
Spalapati Deva in Nagari script above.
 Reverse: Horseman advancing r., Corrupt
Brahmi script, Shahi Deva (?) to right. Kabul
mint.
Hindu Shahis Silver (AR) drachm or jital
(19mm) Sri Spalapati Deva c. 750-900 AD.
Size: 22 mm Weight: 11.71 g, Spalapati Deva is
a title equivalent to "Military Commander".
Note the ‘Brahma Bull’s hump. Horse has an
almost ‘Iberian Celtic’ style. A relatively
common, but interesting, silver coin.
Comparison Coin
My Cabinet

‘Seals of Solomon’‘Seals of Solomon’
Solomon's Seal from a 3rd
century Synagogue.
In the year 1536, Sultan Suleiman (Soloman) the
Magnificent ordered extensive restorations on the
Temple Mount and converted the church which
had been built on Mount Zion during the
Crusader conquest into a mosque. By building
this mosque, Suleiman linked himself both to
Solomon the son of David and the Davidic
Messiah who, according to Christian belief, is
Jesus. It was Sultan Suleiman's messianic
consciousness which led him to develop the link
between himself and King Solomon. He
incorporated the ‘Seal of Suleiman in his
rebuilding efforts.
century Synagogue.
Magnificent ordered extensive restorations on the
Temple Mount and converted the church which
had been built on Mount Zion during the
Crusader conquest into a mosque. By building
this mosque, Suleiman linked himself both to
Solomon the son of David and the Davidic
Messiah who, according to Christian belief, is
Jesus. It was Sultan Suleiman's messianic
consciousness which led him to develop the link
between himself and King Solomon. He
incorporated the ‘Seal of Suleiman in his
rebuilding efforts.
 The coinage of various Islamic cultures
incorporated the Seal as their own and put on
their coinage. Jews did not adopt re-adopt
this seal as their symbol until nationalist
sentiment began to coalesce among the
various groups of the Diaspora. This began in
earnest in the 18th
Century. So most ‘ancient
coins’ (really from time time of Mohammed)
that have Seals of Solomon on them have
actually been found from about the 9th
Century through the 20th
!
Coin is from 1211 AH
(Islamic Calendar
Which is 1796 CE

‘Seals of Solomon’‘Seals of Solomon’
century Synagogue.
Magnificent ordered extensive restorations
on the Temple Mount and converted the
church which had been built on Mount Zion
during the Crusader conquest into a mosque.
By building this mosque, Suleiman linked
himself both to Solomon the son of David
and the Davidic Messiah who, according to
Christian belief, is Jesus. It was Sultan
Suleiman's messianic consciousness which
led him to develop the link between himself
and King Solomon. He incorporated the ‘Seal
of Suleiman in his rebuilding efforts.
century Synagogue.
Magnificent ordered extensive restorations
on the Temple Mount and converted the
church which had been built on Mount Zion
during the Crusader conquest into a mosque.
By building this mosque, Suleiman linked
himself both to Solomon the son of David
and the Davidic Messiah who, according to
Christian belief, is Jesus. It was Sultan
Suleiman's messianic consciousness which
led him to develop the link between himself
and King Solomon. He incorporated the ‘Seal
of Suleiman in his rebuilding efforts.
My Cabinet

Library
“Buy the book, before the coin”
Library
“Buy the book, before the coin”
The premier price guide for
coins from the United
Kingdom and England.
Totally updated for 2007
with color pictures and a
new numbering system.
Good for British Celtic,
Roman Celtic, Dark and
Middle Age British Coins.
Gift from SDZ December
2007.
The premier price guide for
coins from the United
Kingdom and England.
Totally updated for 2007
with color pictures and a
new numbering system.
Good for British Celtic,
Roman Celtic, Dark and
Middle Age British Coins.
Gift from SDZ December
2007.

LibraryLibrary
David Vagi's award-winning
two-volume reference
Coinage and History of the
Roman Empire. Volumes 1
& 2.
Good for coin information
& Roman history of Late
Republican (82 B.C.E.) to
Late Western Empire 480
AD.
David Vagi's award-winning
two-volume reference
Coinage and History of the
Roman Empire. Volumes 1
& 2.
Good for coin information
& Roman history of Late
Republican (82 B.C.E.) to
Late Western Empire 480
AD.

LibraryLibraryLibraryLibrary
La Tour II is the premier
illustrated reference for
Continental Celtic Coins.
It contains 1,939 coin
drawings by Leon Dardel,
including 198 British
Celtic Coins. Size British
A5. This edition is fully
revised with improved
illustration printing.
La Tour II is the premier
illustrated reference for
Continental Celtic Coins.
It contains 1,939 coin
drawings by Leon Dardel,
including 198 British
Celtic Coins. Size British
A5. This edition is fully
revised with improved
illustration printing.

Library
British Iron Age Coins in the
British Museum is the only
comprehensive catalogue of
this outstanding collection.
Hardback, 246 pages, 137
black and white plates, 4,581
coins illustrated and
described in full detail,
summary of Celtic coinages
in seven regions, map and list
of all the main Celtic hoards
found from 1781 to 1991.
Out of print. Essential
reference for all collectors.
£50
British Iron Age Coins in the
British Museum is the only
comprehensive catalogue of
this outstanding collection.
Hardback, 246 pages, 137
black and white plates, 4,581
coins illustrated and
described in full detail,
summary of Celtic coinages
in seven regions, map and list
of all the main Celtic hoards
found from 1781 to 1991.
Out of print. Essential
reference for all collectors.
£50

Library
The most widely used reference in the field
of ancient Biblical and Jewish Coins. It lists
more than 500 different coins. This edition
has numerous plates of all the coins and
weights that were money, or served as
money, or were related to trade during
Biblical times.
Hendin compiles the knowledge he has
gained over 35 years of collecting Biblical
Coins. He is also a recognized expert in
Fake Biblical coins. Due to the extraordinary
interest in coins from the time, and locations,
referenced in the Bible, Biblical coins are
some of the most frequently faked coins.
This book is considered to be essential for
any Ancient Coin Collectors library.

Library
Editor’s Description: An Untold number of books have
chronicled--and even pictured--the history of money.
These range from scholarly economic treatises to
lavishly illustrated works to John Kenneth Galbraith's
sweeping Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went
(1975).
This new look at the growth and development of
ancient monetary systems and the origins of coinage
occupies a niche somewhere in between. Williams is a
curator in the Department of Coins and Medals at the
British Museum and a specialist in Roman and Iron Age
coins. In the context of today's increasingly "cashless
society," this is a fascinating survey of the roles played
by various cultures in the concept and evolution of
money and exchange.
Williams traces the rise and diversity of various
mediums of exchange and coinage in Mesopotamia,
ancient Greece and Egypt, the Roman world, medieval
Europe, Islamic lands, and Asia, Africa, and Oceania.
The text is superbly enhanced by more than 500
illustrations, more than 200 of which will be in color.
David Rouse --This text refers to an out of print or
unavailable edition of this title.
Editor’s Description: An Untold number of books have
chronicled--and even pictured--the history of money.
These range from scholarly economic treatises to
lavishly illustrated works to John Kenneth Galbraith's
sweeping Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went
(1975).
This new look at the growth and development of
ancient monetary systems and the origins of coinage
occupies a niche somewhere in between. Williams is a
curator in the Department of Coins and Medals at the
British Museum and a specialist in Roman and Iron Age
coins. In the context of today's increasingly "cashless
society," this is a fascinating survey of the roles played
by various cultures in the concept and evolution of
money and exchange.
Williams traces the rise and diversity of various
mediums of exchange and coinage in Mesopotamia,
ancient Greece and Egypt, the Roman world, medieval
Europe, Islamic lands, and Asia, Africa, and Oceania.
The text is superbly enhanced by more than 500
illustrations, more than 200 of which will be in color.
David Rouse --This text refers to an out of print or
unavailable edition of this title.

Library
Harlan J. Berk, The 100 Greatest Ancient
Coins, Whitman Publishing Company, 2008
Harlan J. Berk, the founder and president of
Harlan J. Berk Ltd., has created the most
important literary work of his long career. The
coins covered in this volume range from the
first type-less electrum struck in Asia Minor in
the 7th Century B.C.E. to the desperate silver
issues of the last Byzantine emperor,
Constantine XI, in 1453. Coins of major rarity
are discussed as well as common issues that
had a strong social, political or economic
impact on their time. This is one of the few
books that covers the entire time frame of
ancient numismatics. While it is a useful book
for beginners, it is also worthwhile for
experienced numismatists since a number of
newly discovered coins and new
interpretations are part of this 140 page book.
Harlan J. Berk, The 100 Greatest Ancient
Coins, Whitman Publishing Company, 2008
Harlan J. Berk, the founder and president of
Harlan J. Berk Ltd., has created the most
important literary work of his long career. The
coins covered in this volume range from the
first type-less electrum struck in Asia Minor in
the 7th Century B.C.E. to the desperate silver
issues of the last Byzantine emperor,
Constantine XI, in 1453. Coins of major rarity
are discussed as well as common issues that
had a strong social, political or economic
impact on their time. This is one of the few
books that covers the entire time frame of
ancient numismatics. While it is a useful book
for beginners, it is also worthwhile for
experienced numismatists since a number of
newly discovered coins and new
interpretations are part of this 140 page book.

Collection of ancient coins

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