Before the Green Revolution, India faced food scarcity and relied on imports due to traditional organic farming practices. In the 1960s, under M.S. Swaminathan's leadership, the Green Revolution introduced high-yielding varieties and chemical fertilizers/pesticides, increasing food production and attaining self-sufficiency. However, continuous chemical use degraded soils and polluted water/air. While chemical farming boosted short-term yields, organic farming maintains soil health and is more sustainable. Organic farming avoids chemicals and uses organic manures/compost to nourish soils and crops. Both methods have benefits and drawbacks, so policy support is needed for organic techniques to increase production in an environmentally friendly way.

2. BEFORE GREEN REVOLUTION
 In traditional India only organic farming
was practiced.
 No chemical fertilizers and pesticides were
used.
 Only organic techniques where natural
pesticides and natural manures were
obtained from plant and animal products
were used.

3. BEFORE GREEN REVOLUTIONCONT.
 During 1950s and 1960s, the ever
increasing population of India lead to a
food scarcity.
• The government was forced to import
food grains from foreign countries.
 And also forced to increase the food
grain production of India to increase the
food security .

4. To increase the food grain production
was introduced in 1960’s
Under the leadership of
M.S. Swaminathan…

5. POSITIVE SIDE OF
GREEN REVOLUTION
 Increased the Country’s food production
 Attained self sufficiency
 ‘Food deficit’ to ‘food surplus’
 Export of food products
 Higher income

6. NEGATIVE SIDE OF
GREEN REVOLUTION
 Reduction in Natural fertility of soil
 Destruction of soil structure
 Erosion and soil loss
 Killing of beneficial microbes and insects
 Ground water pollution and depletion
 Atmospheric pollution

7. • With introduction of green revolution, use of
chemical fertilizers although contributed 40% of crop
production, continuous use of chemicals in agriculture
seriously jeopardized the soil health and environment.
• The scientists have realized that the ‘Green
Revolution’ with high input use has reached a plateau
and is now sustained with diminishing return.
• So to maintain the natural balance we have to search
another alternative method.

8. One of the alternative method is
FARMING

9. What is Organic
Farming?
Organic farming is the
production of crops and
livestock without the use
of synthetic chemicals
and inorganic fertilizers.

10. OBJECTIVES
 To work with natural systems rather than
dominating them.
 To encourage and enhance the biological cycles.
 Production of poison-free food for better quality.
 Maintenance of soil organic matter and soil
fertility.
 Recycling of nutrients.
 Sustainability and soil health.

11. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING

12. BENEFITS
Sustainable agricultural production,
Restoration of soil fertility,
Production of quality foods,
Avoidance of pollution of soil,
Water and air including low cost technology.

13. Supply of nutrientS
Nutrients are applied through organic manures
including
• FYM,
• Compost,
• Dung of various animals,
• Poultry manure,
• Green manure and
• Crop residues in farm fields.

14. SUPPLY OF NUTRIENTS THROUGH ORGANIC
MANURES
NITROGEN - N- fixing legumes, animal wastes and by
products.
PHOSPHORUS - Organic manures – release organic acids – act
as chelating agent- P fixation reduced..
POTASSIUM - Organic manures –cation exchange capacity .
MICRO NUTRIENTS - Organic manures- release organic acids - It
act as a chelating agent - increase the availability of micronutrients
such as Ca , Mg, S, Mn, Cu and Zn.

15. DiSADVAntAGeS of orGAniC
fArMinG
LOWER PRODUCTIVITY
An organic farm cannot produce as much yield as a conventional or
industrialized farm.
REQUIRES SKILL
An organic farmer requires greater understanding of his crop

16. ORGANIC FARMING AND CHEMICAL FARMING
Both having it’s own advantages and disadvantages…
Now it becomes a great debatable question whether to use organic or
inorganic farming.
With the increase in population our compulsion would
be not only to stabilize agricultural production but to
increase it further in sustainable manner.

17. POLICY RECOMENDATIONS
The linking of the sources of production to
the market for the same.
A concerted effort by the government in the
policy level, active participation of the
private sector and participation of the general
public is needed for boosting the demand for
the organic agricultural products.
Organic agro products should be included in
the price policy of the govt.

18. POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS CONT.
 Technology should also be harnessed in a big
way to provide this age-old format of
agricultural production with the desired level
of improvisation and adaptation.
 Investment in R&D is must and should be
initiated by the govt.
 Certification procedure should be made
simple and affordable for even small and
marginal farmers .

19. 