This document provides an introduction to computer networking, including definitions of key terms and components. It describes a computer network as a group of two or more computers linked together through various connection mediums like cables and wireless adapters to share common resources. The document outlines different types of networks including local area networks (LANs) within limited areas, and wide area networks (WANs) that are combinations of multiple LANs, with the best example being the Internet. It also defines important network components like nodes, network interface controllers, media access control addresses, servers, clients, media converters, repeaters, hubs, switches, routers, firewalls, and channel service units/data service units that connect LANs to W
2. INTRODUCTION
:-Computer network is a group of two more computers
linked together.
:-connected by various mediums like cables, wireless
adapters etc.
:-share common resources
3. TYPES OF NETWORK
:-within a limited area such as
homes, schools, colleges etc.
:-combinations of a LANs.
:-best example is INTERNET
4. NETWORK COMPONENTS
& TERMINOLOGY
:-component in the computer networks
NODE
:-Computer, router, printer, switch
:-Having unique address
:-Capable of sending , receiving, forwarding, consuming data
5. NIC (NETWORK INTERFACE CONTROLLER)
:-Hardware device of each node to connect to
the network
:-provide wireless or wired network
6. MAC (MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL) ADDRESS
:-NIC have MAC address
:-6 bytes long
:-3 bytes identifies manufacturer
:-3 bytes , serial number for NIC
8. MEDIA CONVERTER
:-Connect two dissimilar cable type
:-Ex-connecting twisted pair cable to
fibre optics cable
REPEATER
:-having two ports
:-Signal amplifier
10. ROUTER
:-multi-port device
:-routing and forwarding
:-placed at gateway(where two networks connect)
FIREWALL
:-work under specific filter rule
:-checks source and destination address
type of protocol used
11. CSU/DSU
:-Channel service unit
:-interface between LAN &WAN
:-relies on other devices for handshaking &
error detection
CSU
DSU
:-data service unit
:-provides error detection and handshaking
:-maintain connection across WAN
