डीटीबीकेडीइएमवीएक्स

1. SKELETAL SYSTEM

2. Skeletal System
The body system that serves
as a support framework,
protects vital organs, works
with muscles to produce
movement, and produces
blood cells.

3. Functions of the Skeletal System
• provides support
• protects internal organs
• allows your body to move
• stores and produces materials that your body needs (blood cells)

4. Support and Protection
• Your skeleton is made up of all the bones in your body.
• Your skeleton gives your body its basic shape and provides the support
that you need.
• Many bones of the skeletal system protect internal organs.

5. Movement
In coordination with your muscular and nervous systems, your
skeletal system allows you to move.
• Storage and Production of Materials
Your bones store essential substances which are released when other
parts of the body need them.
Some bones also produce blood cells.

6. The Skeletal System
1) Sternum (breastbone)
2) Vertebral column (backbone)
3) Carpals
4) Metacarpals
5) Phalanges
6) Tarsals
7) Metatarsals
8) Phalanges
9) Clavicle (collarbone)
10) Scapula (shoulder blade)
11) Humerus
12) Ribs
13) Radius
14) Ulna
15) Pelvic girdle
16) Femur
17) Patella
18) Fibula
19) Tibia

8. Bones and Joints
• Your skeletal system is made up of just over 200 bones.
• A place in your body where two or more of your bones come together
is called a joint.

9. Development of Bones
• Your bones are living structures that undergo change throughout your
life.
• Cartilage is a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible
than bone.
• By young adulthood, most of this cartilage is replaced by bone in a
process called ossification.
• In a process called ossification minerals, such as calcium and
phosphorus, are deposited within the cartilage, making it hard.

10. Structure of Bones
• Bone consists of two different types of tissue—compact bone and
spongy bone.
• Another type of tissue called marrow fills the spaces in bones.
• There are two types of marrow—red and yellow.

11. Structure of Bones
Compact Bone
Compact bone makes up the
outer layer of all bones. Although
it looks dense and solid, It is full
of holes for nerves and blood vessels.
Spongy Bone
Spongy bone contains flat
and needlelike structures
that resist stress. Red bone
marrow may fill the open
spaces in some bones.
Outer Membrane
An outer membrane
covers most of a long bone.
The inner portion of a membrane contains
cells that build up and breakdown bone.
Central Cavity
Central cavities in long
bones usually contain
yellow bone marrow (fat).

12. Joints
• Joints allow for movement and protect bones from friction and force.
• Bones are held together at joints by strong, fibrous bands called
ligaments.

13. Pivot Joint
A pivot joint connects your
head to the first vertebra in
your backbone. It allows you
to turn your head from
side to side.
Ball-and-Socket Joint
A ball-and-socket joint allows movement
in all directions. Your shoulders and hips
are ball-and-socket joints.
Gliding Joint
Gliding joints allow
movement in many
directions as the bones
slide along each other.
Your wrists and ankles contain
gliding joints.
Hinge Joint
Hinge joints allow
bending and straightening
movements.Your knees
and elbows are
hinge joints.

14. Keeping Healthy
• A combination of eating well, exercising, and avoiding injuries
contributes to lifelong bone and
joint health.
• Regular medical checkups can help detect skeletal system problems.

15. Eating Well
• Adequate intake of calcium and phosphorus will help your bones grow
to their maximum size and strength.
• Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and
break easily.
• Other nutrients that are important for bone health include potassium,
magnesium, and vitamins A, C, and D.

16. Exercising
• Another way to build strong bones and prevent osteoporosis is to get
plenty of weight-bearing exercise.
• Activities in which the bones support the entire weight of your body
help your bones grow strong and dense.

17. Avoiding Bone Injuries
• A fracture is a break in a bone.
• You can protect your bones from fractures.
• When participating in a physical activity, wear appropriate safety
equipment, such as helmets and pads.
• Always wear a seat belt when traveling in a vehicle.

18. Proper warm-up and stretching exercises are
important to help prevent joint injuries.
• Sprains - A sprain is an overstretched or torn ligament.
• Dislocations - In a dislocation, the ends of the bones in a joint are
forced out of their normal positions.
• Torn Cartilage - Serious damage to the cartilage between the bones in
a joint is known as torn cartilage.
• Overuse Injuries - When an activity is performed too often or too
strenuously, joints may become irritated and inflamed.

19. Medical Checkups
• A doctor can advise you on how to prevent serious injury or
recommend other professionals who can help you.
• A nurse or doctor may check your spine for scoliosis, an abnormal
curvature of the spine.

20. THANK YOU