Transcript of talk presented at Mint MIT Technology Review EMTECH at Delhi on 18th march 2016

1. Slide 1
1
Un Internet of Things
IoT Network will not be IP based
Arvind Tiwary
SangEnnovate
Thanks Leslie and Mint for giving me the opportunity to speak on a contrarian idea
The Un Internet of Things. This is provocative and hopefully will keep you awake
during the siesta time.

2. Slide 2
2
Arvind Tiwary
Introduction:
Arvind Tiwary runs SangEnnovate based in Bangalore, India.
Innovation in modern age of rapid technological change and a economy geared to exploiting change requires multiple
disciplines . SangEnnovate is about integrating the multiple disciplines of innovation.
Arvind is also Chair TiE IoT Forum. IoT is a new paradigm with significant disruptive potential. Arvind has provided
leadership in developing a #IoTForIndia vision. Over 280 startups are engaged with the IoT Forum.
.
Experience and Competencies:
Arvind brings 30 years of Industry experience . Arvind has a multi disciplinary experience in helping financial institution,
exploit Information Technology. He has worked in Sales and Marketing, managed software projects and acted as Product
Manager and Chief Architect to large enterprise scale applications over three generations. He has also run operations with
Board level responsibility in Hong Kong, Singapore and India. Arvind is a popular speaker and has been adjudged the best
speaker in many conferences and has participated in strategic planning (Business and IT) at the board level for many
insurers.
Arvind is an alumnus of the Wharton Business School, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur and Indian Institute of
Management, Ahmadabad. Arvind has taught IT to insurers and Insurance to IT professionals.
Arvind is 57 years old, married with 2 children, is keen on golf and an avid reader of books on all topics, and loves long
drives on the road less travelled
.
Tiwary_ar /in/tiwaryarvind /people/Arvind-Sang/100005573178335
I run the TiE IoT Forum in Bangalore and am exposed to over 300 start-ups in this
space.
We will not be able to cover all the issues in the short presentation here. Please feel
free to engage on other media. I am fairly active on Twitter. Just getting started on
FB

3. Slide 3
3
Disruption the new World Order: ZIRP and Superconductivity
 The World Economy is not working to specs
 Humbling Nobel Laureates
 Matter behaves differently near Absolute Zero
 Superconductivity
 Nominal zero interest rate has been crossed
 Risk coupling all asset classes go down or up Gold, Bonds, Equity
 Spin coupling of Fermions and Bosons?
 ????
This is a world of disruption. Apart from business models economic models are also
being re invented. Central banks from US, Euro, China and Japan have printed
trillions but far from hyperinflation we are staring in negative interest and deflation.
As a physicist I can only sympathize with economist and laureates. Physics
discovered non intuitive and unusual behaviour of matter like superconductivity as
we cool down and approach absolute zero
In economics we do not yet know where the absolute is (and I don’t want to find in
my lifetime) but the effects of going past nominal zero is already clear. Like spin
coupled quantum particles (Bosons) all investors seem to have risk coupled
behaviour across all asset classes. Gold, Bonds and Equity all are getting same
treatment.

4. Slide 4
4
The Indus Entrepreneurs Network
15,000+
Members globally
61
Chapters spread across the
globe
18
Across Countries
2,000+
Charter Members
1999
Started the Bangalore Chapter
800+
Members in Bangalore
12,000+
Subscribers reading our updates
100+
events per year in Bangalore
1992
TiE Silicon Valley was started
120+
Mentors/CMs in Bangalore
Pollution Challenge
TiE does not need much introduction. Nandan Nilekani was the first president of TiE
Bangalore in 1999. We are also re-inventing ourselves as startups and
entrepreneurship becomes mainstream.
For the folks in Delhi and large polluted cities esp. particulate matter (PMI10 and PMI
2.5) we are working with NASSCOM DEITY IoT CoE to start a challenge. One set of
issues is measuring PMI at a granular enough level to establish differences, say
Industry holiday, School off day and seasons ie Monsoon vs Summer. Needs much
more than a dozen stations in Delhi. We are looking at a citizen network covering
hundreds if not thousands of devices with different accuracy and analytics at the
back end…
But how to improve and reduce PMI?
We are asking technologists to step up for experiments to showcase cleaning up the
air for a school, a Hospital or a shopping arcade. Can we have a biotechnology
based device which mimics 200 trees in the school playground? Can we use a
nanotechnology based HEPA filter to passively clean air in the open for a mall?
We hope to greatly improve the science and data behind public policy making by
establishing what works and does not work
Please contact me if you have ideas

5. Slide 5
5
IoTForIndia.org : 12 Billion Indian IoT Market
 June 5 Open House (Attended by 125+ participants)

June 26 Communication (Connectivity workshop
attended by over 25 participants)

Aug 6 BlueTooth (Technical deep dive session
attended by over 35 participants)
 Aug 22 Survelliance Workshop with B.PAC for schools,
(attended by over 25 participants)
 Sep 11 MOU with IESA Press coverage in leading
online and print media
 Sep 11 Smart Water-Power & Internet Public utilities for
the city of Future (TiE IESA Bangalore attended by
280+ participants)
 Sep 18 IoT in Retail (attended by 65+ participants)
 Nov 13 Crowdfunding Your IoT Product ( attended by
75+ participants)
 Nov 19 MEMS Technical deep dive session ( Attended
by 30+ participants)
 Nov 20 Smart Devices : Leveraging Consumerization
and Open Innovation for the Future ( TiE IESA
Hyderabad 65+ particpants)
 Feb 20 IoT based Smart Grid Core of
Sustainable Living ( TiE IESA Delhi 50+
Participants)
 Feb 26 Contiki IoT workshop : Middleware
for IoT ( RBCCPS Bangalore 40
participants)
 March 10 Workshop Demystifying IoT (TiE
IESA Pune 50 participants)
 March 10 Smart Vehicles The IoT Future (
TiE IESA Pune 50 participants)
 May 9 IoT Innovation Showcase by 16
Startups (150+ Participants)
 June 25 Smart Agriculture and Smart
Healthcare ( TiE IESA with pan India
Colleges and Universities) 175+
Participants
 Dec 10 IoTNext2015 ( TiE IESA 730+
participants, 36 exhibitors)
2014 2015
Winner Google Launchpad Startup Saturday
In the 2 years that the TiE BLR IoT Forum has been active. We have a vibrant
partnership with IESA (India Electronics and Semiconductor association) and worked
pan India. We are migrating to a IoTForIndia.org website
We have held 20 odd events and workshops. / Small ones like on Video analytics for
Bangalore police and big ones like 2 day IoTNext with over 700 Plus participants.
Early on we decided to select 25 odd start-ups and work with them hand on to
understand what stops dreamers from getting ideas realized. We learnt a lot esp. on
Design for Manufacturability, support for Industrial design and prototyping etc. 10 of
the 26 we selected failed. 7 got funded. One of them went on to win the Google
Launchpad coincident with Start-up Saturday where PM Modi was chief guest.

6. Slide 6
6
Potential Industry
IoT is a horizontal capability which will get embedded all across. Energy and
Healthcare are early success from a commercial viability. Agriculture will however in
Indian context be the standout impact as productivity can be improved manifold.
Smart City is where the near term action is. China has done a humongous job here. I
wonder how many here are aware that China had a major stimulus in construction
activity as a stimulus to prop the faltering economy.
In 4 years China used as much cement as the USA used in 100 years.Yes 25X
intensity of construction?
Over 300 odd cities are part of Smart City in China and estimated 800 Billion USD
has been spent on IoT. They lead the charge to new ITU standards and are driving a
fair bit ….
Things are really happening!

7. Slide 7
7
IoT Development & Infrastructure
Platform Connect
Semiconductor/
Service
Tools
List will be at www.IoTForIndia.org
Website under Beta
IoT is a new technology with little established standards or successful role models.
The last mile especially is being built out as we talk. Fortunately, there are 30 odd
companies about 10% of the 300 odd IoT companies in India working on the
horizontal capabilities needed. Some like WizynSystems and Wisense are
developing new radio protocols in the sub gigahertz bands the subject on the Un
Internet of things.

8. Slide 8
8
Future Shock: Exponential Change
Linear to
exponential rate
is stressing
Legal Political
systems.
Ola and Ubers
problems are
taste of things
to come.
Rise of
Originalism or
Fundamentalist
even in USA/
Trump?
The pace of change has really accelerated and we are experiencing future shock. It
took 60 to 100 years for the earlier generation of technologies like radio and TV to
reach 90% market penetration.
While it took Windows about 22 odd years to reach a billion users WhatsApp took a
mere 8.
Blue tooth has been the most rapidly adopted wireless communication method and
now even WiFI routers are supporting Blue Tooth (BT & BLE). Aside BT in not based
on Internet technologies (UDP, TCP/IP, HTTP, …)

9. Slide 9
9
Disruption in Plain sight: TCP/IP Sell by date in IoT?
I am sure you all have seen Gartner's hype cycle. They are influential
3D printing or Rapid Manufacturing is definitely a happening thing.
Un-fortunately all the listed companies I invested in have seen share prices tank…
I suspect once Gartner has mentioned it You can’t make money any longer it is no
longer a surprise. So far Un Internet or Capillary networks as the academic folks call
it has been a (well kept) secret.
You heard it here first. Please move fast. Entrepreneur's get into pole position and
make money!!
Disruption comes from the left filed or hides in plain view.
When Facebook bought WhatsApp we did not realize the future .In India it is now
widespread
India runs on Chai and WhatsApp…
(mutating the tag line of Chai Point)

10. Slide 10
10
Incumbents do Pass Baton: Big Data and Rise of No SQL
The Internet has been very successful and is pervasive. Digital economy is
disrupting all established businesses. Internet is at the heart of cloud and digitization.
It would seem foolish to say the sell-by-date of Internet (TCP/IP, UDP..) has arrived.
What pot have you been smoking Mr Tiwary?
In the mid-90s SQL database such as Oracle and DB 2 were dominant and it would
have been inconceivable to for see the rise of Data warehouse and Big Data
Ralph Kimball and his redbrick delivered 1000 times better performance on analytical
queries and paved the way to Business Intelligence (BI) . The rise of VLDB (very
large Data bases) gave rise to massive disruption to current new Hadoop based
clusters running a No SQL database
SQL is still around but is no longer the centre of attention. It is analytics and no SQL
Database.
The IoT is a similar challenge to the prevalence of Internet and (surprise surprise
Cloud). Chirpy devices in billions require a different network the Un Internet

11. Slide 11
11
LPWAN The IoT Network: From 500K /km to 80K/km SmartCity
HaLow
Thread
200 Mw to 200Kw: 1000X
30m to 3000m :1000X
2-5Yrs on Battery:1000X
3GPP racing to be relevant
Fastest
Adoption
This is a busy slide and full of acronyms and jargon but hey this stuff is important
and I am not making things up just to impress.
Low Power Wide Area Networks based on narrowband (as opposed to wideband) is
the future for IoT.
A 20 byte chirp on the current temperature, wind or pollution from a sensor uses 50
to 90 times ( yes 9000% extra) overhead being packaged into Ethernet sized frames
or being transported over cellular networks ( 3G and 4G are worse).This leads to
huge power consumption. A big metro like Mumbai will consume 200MW extra for
connectivity. This can be 1000X less with Unh Internet technologies/The IoT network
needs to enable devices to work on battery for 2 to 5 years…
The cost of Smart City rollouts are not yet in public domain but we have estimates.
They are a bit too high and can be reduced by 70% with capillary networks not
based on TCP or UDP. WiFi needs grid connected access points (AP) every 30
meters in urban settings and these AP need to be managed for outage and theft.
Alternative like LoRa or SigFox can allow a base station to connect to devices in
dense urban settings up to 2-3 Km away. The new HaLow extends WiFi to the sub
gigahertz band and may be up to 1 Km range.
Cellular operators have figured out that the IoT bandwagon is passing by and not
getting seduced by 4G or 5G. In a impressive sprint race a new standard NB IoT
(Narrow band IOT ) is being readied ( Being balloted this March end). This can
support low power and long range.

12. Slide 12
12
Cybercrime: The Internet of Thugs
http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/
visualizations/worlds-biggest-data-
breaches-hacks/
The Internet may be
fundamentally
insecure. No patch
work is going to
make it secure.
We definitely need to avoid the Internet of thugs.
The Internet is fundamentally insecure and no amount of crypto patch work and best
practises in securing devices, websites is working.
Do look up this visualization on the world wide cybercrime situation. JP Morgan,
Target, The US Government Department of Personal
For IoT (connected cars, heart pumps, drones ..) this is even more critical as it may
be a matter of life and death and National security
Ukraine found its power systems hacked and Iran had Stuxnet throw its centrifuges
into a fit.

13. Slide 13
13
Securing the IoT Gateway and Network: Tech and Law
 HW root of Trust
 SIM
 TPM
 Legally acceptable attribution
 Very Difficult for Internet
 MAC and IP Spoofing
 Offense
 Hacking the hacker?
 Cyber Patrolling?
Google OnHub
WiFi,BlueTooth
802.15.4 (Zigbee/Thread)
TPM
Our current legal approach to cybercrime
needs a root and branch change.
Ransomware shows too little cost of crime
Google OneHub is an example of security from ground up. It is a WiFi router but
supports other capillary networks like Blue Tooth and mesh networks like Zigbee
based on 802.15.4
Something not noticed by the tech press is use of a hardware root of trust to verify
that the OS or bios are not altered in unauthorised manner. Way to go...
Cybercrime is asymmetric. The attacker is rarely caught or even pursued and has
almost zero cost. Ransomware is an egregious example as a Desktop is hacked into
at random for a few thousand dollars. This is like being mugged regularly while
walking in the city or in a bus or train. Can you keep blaming the victim for not taking
precautions?
Cyber patrolling and ability to establish the identity of hackers able to stand up in a
criminal court is a must. TCP/ IP or UDP does not meet this test as IP and MAC
addresses can be spoofed. The IoT needs to work from a different perspective.
Secure verifiable identity and audit trail trumps all other considerations of
convenience.

14. Slide 14
14
Opportunity –The secure IoT Network & Gateway
 The TCP/IP based Internet has been very successful.
 But is it best for IoT?
 Can it be replaced by something new? The IoT Network?
 For Life-Death IoT Devices does security trump convenience?
 Is Cloud the best? Is Internet of Data the future?
 Innovation at the device and edge far exceeds the centre or Cloud.
 Tonbo Imaging
 Watch the space
The great opportunity for start-ups is in the Secure IoT networks
I noticed that Arvind of TonBoi is talking tomorrow evening. Do spend some time and
discover the IoT Cloudless future. Smart connected devices will make intelligent
decisions without waiting to send all the data to the cloud. Fog computing or edge
computing is a smarter way to go
This Smartphone in my hand supports 9 radios (3 Cellular, 2 WiF, 1 BT, 1 GPS, 1
IrDA, 1 NFC) has 3GB RAM, 64bit CPU and can run most algorithms locally. Smart
developers are pushing machine learning to FPGA array and you may have noticed
even Intel has done a significant M&A to equip its next generation CPU with
customizable behaviour. Smart Connected devices may need the cloud much less
then the analysts think.
Just like Economist and Noble Laureates they may wake up to find the world runs
differently….