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functions of psychiatric nurse in various setting
1. FUNCTIONS OF MENTAL
HEALTH NURSE IN VARIOUS
SETTINGS
X. ARON CHRISTY M.Sc (N).,
PROFESSOR,
SRM TRICHY COLLEGE OF NURSING
2. FUNCTIONS OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSE
IN VARIOUS SETTINGS
Practice Setting for Psychiatric Nurses
For many years, the majority of mental health care was provided in the hospital setting. Since the 1970s,
the trend has changed to treat patients in less restrictive or community based settings.
While traditional practice settings for psychiatric nurses are psychiatric hospitals, community mental
health centers, psychiatric units in the general hospitals, residential treatment facilities and private clinics,
more recently alternative treatment settings have emerged. These are partial hospitalization settings, day care
centers, home care, out patient departments or ambulatory care centers. Community based treatment
settings have expanded to group homes, hospice, care centers, crisis intervention centers, schools and
universities, hospitals for the criminally insane, jails and prisons
3. Functions of Psychiatric Nurse in Various
Settings
Inpatient Psychiatric Ward
Provide for environmental safety including protecting the patient and others from
injury
Perform psychosocial, high risk and physical assessment
Promotion of self care activities
Medication management
Assisting for somatic therapies
Accurately observing and documenting the patient's behavior
Providing opportunities for the patient to make his own decisions and to assume
responsibility for his life
4. Providing feedback to the patient based on observations of his behavior
Participation in various therapies, (psychotherapy, behavior therapy, group therapy, play therapy,
family therapy, etc.) individual interactions, formal and informal group situations, role play,
advocating on behalf of the patient and so forth
Delivering psycho-education
Counseling the patient and family members
Co-operating with other professionals in various aspects of the patients care; thereby, facilitating an
interdisciplinary approach to care
Teaching social skills and stress management strategies
Discharge planning and community referral and follow up care
Supervise the work of subordinates
Maintain ward cleanliness
5. Psychiatric Outpatient Department
Performing clinical assessment
Assisting for psychometric assessment
Assisting or providing psychotherapy or behavior therapy
Counseling the patient and family members
Conducting group therapy
Delivering psychoeducation
6. ECT Treatment Setting:
Teaching the patient prior to ECT treatment
Preparing the patient for ECT
Providing care during the procedure
Assisting with post treatment
Providing reassurance to reduce anxiety
Delivering psycho education regarding ECT
7. Psychotherapy unit:
Nurses who possess a masters degree in psychiatric nursing and are certified clinical nurse specialists
may conduct individual or group psychotherapy.
Establishing a therapeutic relationship with the patient
Providing an opportunity for the patient to release tension as problems are discussed
Assisting the patient in gaining insight about the problem
Providing opportunity to practice new skills
Reinforcing appropriate behavior as it occurs
Providing consistent emotional support
8. Day Care Centers or Day Hospitals
In day treatment programs patients return home at night.
Performing clinical assessment
Accurately observing and documenting the patient's behavior
Medication management
Teaching social skills
Counseling patient and family members
Delivering psychoeducation
Proving occupational or recreational therapy and vocational assistance28
9. Family therapy units
Psychiatric nurses’ work with families at all levels of functioning.
Assessing individual and family needs and resources
Facilitation of a family's use of positive coping strategies
Promote adaptive family functioning by teaching communication skills and problem solving skills
Delivering psycho education
10. Child Psychiatric Ward
Assessing for biological and psychological need of the child
Determine the child's strengths and abilities and develop a care plan to maintain and enhance
capabilities
Monitor the child's developmental levels and initiate supportive interventions, such as speech,
language or occupational skills as needed
Provide a safe therapeutic environment, including protecting the child and others from injury
Co-operate with other professionals in an interdisciplinary approach to care
11. Provide adequate environmental stimulation
Teach the child adaptive skills, such as eating, dressing, grooming and toileting
Demonstrate and help the child to practice self care skills
Provide genetic counseling if necessary
Deliver psychoeducation
Medication management
Provide emotional support to the parents
Participate in various therapies (behavior therapy, play therapy, expressive therapies,
bibliotherapy, etc.)
12. Home Setting
Assessment of symptoms
Teaching the patient and family regarding nutrition, exercise, hygiene and the
relationship between physical and emotional health
Stress management
Daily living skills (basic money management, for example, bank accounts, rent, utility
bills, use of the telephone, grocery shopping, etc.)
Medication management—monitoring blood levels, signs and symptoms of overdose
or toxicity, teaching on dosage, side effects and purposes
13. Administration of parenteral injections
Venipuncture for laboratory analysis
Act as a case manager and coordinate an array of services that include physical
therapy, occupational therapy, social work and community services
Appropriate referrals to community agencies
Provide supportive counseling and brief psychotherapy
Promotion of mental health and prevention of mental illnesses
14. Community Mental Health Centers
Identification of patients in the community
Refer the patients to appropriate hospitals
Home visiting and providing direct care to the patients in the community
Follow up care with special emphasis on medication regimen, improvement made and side effects,
patient's occupational function
Conducting public awareness programs to remove misconceptions regarding mental disorders
Training of paraprofessional, community leaders, school teachers and other care giving
professionals in the community
Management of resources planning and co-ordination
Direct services, like care of families at risk for violence, abuse and dysfunction, care of homeless
mentally ill patients, etc.