This presentation can give a preview of how to carry out the Social Impact Assessment study.

1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS
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BY:
ARIF SHAIKH
M/S. EN-VISION ENVIRO ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.

2.  The concept of SIA was introduced in 1969, under U.S.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and is
required to analyze the effect of legislation on the “human
environment.” The field of SIA emerged during the 1970s,
primarily as a response to new environmental legislation.
 Slowly, a range of SIA methods and processes developed,
from ‘technical’ to ‘political’ approaches, short-term to
long-term studies, and from formal to informal studies.
The World Bank incorporated SIA in their Project
Evaluation procedures in 1986.
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3.  In India, the EIA and SIA processes gained importance
after the tragic Bhopal disaster with objective to avoid any
form of social risk. SIA can prove to be extremely useful
tool. One of the many benefits of SIA is that “it seeks to
help individuals, groups, organizations and communities to
understand possible social, cultural, or economic impacts,
or better-still impacts of proposed change’. (Barrow, 2000)
 Today in India, most of the SIA report focuses their study
on land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation.
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4.  To help individuals, communities, as well as
government and private sector organizations so
that they are able to understand and anticipate
the likely social consequences on human
populations and communities of proposed
development project
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5.  Analyze how developmental proposals affect
people
 Identify and mitigate adverse impacts
 Enhance benefits of the developmental
proposals
 Help manage social change
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6.  Project area assessment – reconnaissance survey
 Preliminary estimate of impacts – category/extent
 Field planning – Team building/coordination
planning
 Time and fund allocation
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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7. Step 1
 Identification of the right team – key personnel
 Identification of the right team – support personnel
 Identification of the right team – field team
 Training – Project Management/coordination/financial
management/socio-economic survey/public
consultations/land value market survey/etc.
 Time planning in line with other activities on the
project.
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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8.  According to New Bill – COMPENSATION
CALCULATION
 Rural area = (Market Value x 2) + value of
assets attached to land or building + (100 %
solatium)
 Urban area = (Market Value x 1) + value of
assets attached to land or building + (100 %
solatium)
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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9. Step 2
 Gathering the revenue maps of the affected area
 Demarcating the project area
 Enlisting all the properties from the revenue
maps
 Gathering all published data regarding the
project area
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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10. Step 3
 Conduct the socio-economic profiling of all
affected families – the titleholders’ and non-
titleholders
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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12. Step 4
 Conduct the land/structure market value
assessment region wise (or classify your project
area into different zones or regions depending on
the land use)
 Gather the Basic Schedule Rates (for structures)
and Circle rates for land from concerned
departments
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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13.  Displaced person or DPs are those who are forced to
move out of their land when development project requires
land.
 Project affected person or PAPs are those who lose their
livelihood and or assets fully or partially without being
displaced.
 Indirect DPs/PAPs the project becomes operational for
example coal based thermal power plant emits ash that
destroys land and causes health hazard, so do cement
plant. Mines cause dust pollution that affect people's health
and forces them to vacate the original area.
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14. The impact of the mining activity
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15.  Land acquisition act, 1894
 National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy,
2007
 Relevant BSR
 Disclosure policy the relevant executing body or
the funding agency
LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS
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16.  Non-agricultural firms to acquire land
 State governments have the main authority over
land acquisition and price land
 Does “not recognize non-titleholders,” or those
people who are not legally bound to the land
they live on
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17.  NRRP apply to all projects where involuntary displacement
takes place
 To minimize displacement and to promote, as far as
possible, non-displacing or least- displacing alternatives
 To protect the rights of weaker sections, especially
members of SCs and STs.
 A new project or expansion of an existing project, which
involves involuntary displacement of 400 or more families
en masse in plain areas, or 200 or more families en masse
in tribal or hilly areas then SIA is applicable
National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007
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18.  Coordination with the revenue department officials –
Deputy Commissioner/relevant village revenue
officers
 Gathering the revenue maps/ownership records
 Digitization of the maps and superimposing onto
the designs
 Preparation of the LAP
LAND ACQUISITION PLAN
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19.  SIA
 LAP
 LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS
 ENTITLEMENT FRAMEWORK/MATRIX (category
and type of loss and the eligible category for entitlements )
 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS
 MONITORING & EVALUATION
 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE (Timeframe of the
project activities)
 BUDGET ESTIMATE
RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN
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21.  INSITUTIONAL LEVEL – LOCAL
ADMINISTRATION/EXECUTING
AGENCY/ETC.
 COMMUNITY LEVEL – AFFECTED
FAMILIES/VILLAGE MEMEBERS/ETC.
PUBLIC INFORMATION & CONSULTATION
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22.  LOCAL ADMINISTRATION LOCATIONS
 PANCHAYAT OFFICE
 LOCAL LANGUAGE PAMPHLETS
 WEBSITES, ETC.
DISCLOSURE
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23. Tools
- Unstructured checklists
- Structured questionnaires
Type of contacts
- Individual conversational Interviews
- Community level discussions
- Institutional level discussions
SIA - TOOLS AND TYPES ADOPTED
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24. - Reconnaissance - Preliminary Estimate Report
- Socio-economic Profile – Secondary Information Report
- Social Impact Assessment Report
- Land Acquisition Report
- Resettlement Action Plan
- Public Disclosure
PROJECT DOCUMENTATION
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25. - Social investigation weak during preparation
- Potential impoverishment risks not fully identified
- Resulting in inadequate income restoration
- Inadequate asset valuation methodologies (leading
lower replacement values)
- Definition of impacts is inadequate
- Examination of vulnerable groups is inadequate
RESETTLEMENT RISK MANAGEMENT - issues
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26. THANK YOU
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