4. EXECUTIVE BRANCH
• The President, directly elected for a five-year
term, is head of state, head of government,
and commander in chief of the armed forces.
• Responsible to Parliament for the exercise of
duties under the constitution and laws.
• The President appoints and heads a cabinet
of ministers responsible to Parliament.
• The President's deputy is the prime minister.
5. ELECTIONS
• Sri Lanka elects on national level a head of
state - the president - and a legislature.
• The president is elected for a five-year term
by the people.
• The Parliament has 225 members, elected for
a five-year term.
6. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
• The President may summon, suspend, or end a
legislative session and dissolve Parliament any
time after it has served for one year.
• The primary modification is that the party that
receives the largest number of valid votes in
each constituency gains a unique “bonus seat”.
• Since its independence in 1948, Sri Lanka has
remained a member of the Commonwealth of
Nations.
7. JUDICIAL BRANCH
• The judiciary is the system of courts that
interprets and applies the law in the country.
• It is set out in the constitution, which defines
courts as independent institutions within the
traditional framework of check and balances.
• The Sri Lankan courts are presided over
by professional judges, judges of the Supreme
Court are appointed by the President.
• Sri Lanka has a legal system which is an
amalgam of English common law, Roman-Dutch
civil law and Customary law.
9. EXECUTIVE BRANCH
• The Prime Minister of Pakistan, is the
executive head of government of Pakistan.
• The President of Pakistan is a ceremonial
figurehead, a ceremonial head of state
representing the unity of the country.
10. ELECTIONS
• There has been four times that the martial
law has been in effect.
• Through a general election where the leader
of the majority winning party is selected to
be the Prime Minister.
• All members of the federal legislature, the
Parliament, are directly elected.
• Elections in Pakistan take place every five
years by universal adult suffrage.
11. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
• The legislative branch has two houses;
• The National Assembly is the lower house and
has 342 members. 272 are elected directly by the people,
while 70 seats are reserved for women and religious
minorities.
• The Senate is the upper house and has 104
senators elected indirectly by members of provincial
assemblies for six-year terms.
12. JUDICIAL BRANCH
• The judiciary consists
– Supreme Court of Pakistan
– Provincial High Courts
– District Courts
– Anti-terrorism courts
– Sharia courts
– Environmental courts
• The Supreme Court of Pakistan consists of a Chief
Justice, and Senior Justices appointed by the
President after consultation with the Chief Justice of
Pakistan.
