UCSP

1. UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY
& POLITICS
MODULE 8:
FUNCTIONS AND IMPORTANCE OF
EDUCATION IN THE SOCIETY

2. DEFINITION OF EDUCATION
• Education is the social institution through which
society provides its members with important
knowledge, including basic facts, job skills, and
cultural norms and values (Macionis, 2012).

3. EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Education in the Philippines is managed and
regulated by the Department of Education, commonly
referred to as the DepEd.
• It controls the Philippine educational system,
including the creation and implementation of the
curriculum and the utilization of funds allotted by the
national government.

4. • It also manages the construction of schools,
acquisition of books and other school materials, and
the recruitment of teachers and staff.

5. • Spanish and the United States brought educational
practices, which reflected their culture and ideologies.

6. EDUCATION DURING THE SPANISH TIME
• The function of education was inculcated moral and
religious values.
• Religion was the core curriculum, and the schools
were used to spread Christianity.

7. • It mainly served the upper classes; thus, education
symbolized “social standing and prestige.”
• The educated class consisted mostly of ilustrados.

8. EDUCATION DURING THE AMERICAN
TIME
• Education was focused on the development of new
social patterns that would prepare the nation for a
self-governing democracy.
• Public institution was institutionalized to give every
person the education needed to participate in a self-
governing democracy.

9. • The medium of instruction was English. However, after
independence, the country’s educational system
changed radically.

10. • Today, the government of the Philippines has been
very active in tapping the educational system for the
country’s development efforts. With the adaptation of
the K to 12 programs, it is hoped that Philippine
Educational System is now responding to the
demands of the economy for national development.

11. TYPES OF EDUCATION

12. FORMAL EDUCATION
• This refers to the hierarchically structured,
chronologically graded educational system from
primary school to the university, including programs
and institutions for full time technical and vocational
training.

13. A. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
• Elementary education involves compulsory, formal
education primarily concerned with providing basic
education, and usually corresponds to a traditional six
grades or seven grades, and in addition, to preschool
programs.

14. B. SECONDARY EDUCATION
• Secondary education, public schools and private
schools, is concerned primarily with continuing basic
education of the elementary level and expanding it to
include the learning of employable, gainful skills,
usually corresponding to four years of junior high
school and two years of senior high school.
•

15. C. TERTIARY EDUCATION
• Institutions of higher education may be classified as
either public or private college or university, and
public institutions of higher education may further be
subdivided into two types: state universities and
colleges and local colleges and universities.

16. 2. NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
• It refers to any organized educational activity outside
the established formal system to provide selected
types of learning to a segment of the population.
• As a concept, non-formal education emerged in
response to the world crisis in education identified by
Philip H. Coombs in 1967, who argued that the formal
education system have failed to address the changing
dynamics of the environment and the societies.

17. 3. INFORMAL EDUCATION
• It is a lifelong process whereby every individual
acquires from daily experiences, attitudes, values,
facts, skills, and knowledge or motor skill from
resources in his or her higher environment.

18. *SPECIAL EDUCATION

19. • SPED aims to develop the maximums potential of the
child with the special needs to enable him/her to
become self-reliant and take advantage of the
opportunities for a full and happy life.

20. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION IN THE SOCIETY

21. 1. PRODUCTIVE CITIZENRY
• Education systems enable citizens to be productive
members of a society, as they are equipped with
knowledge and skills that could contribute to the
development of their society’s systems and
institutions.
• This highlights the importance of formal and non-
formal education in the development of oneself and
the society.

22. 2. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
• Education develops one’s sense of self.
• As a huge part of the discovery process of oneself,
education encourages having the vision to become
self-actualized.

24. OTHER MOST IMPORTANT OBJECTIVES OF
EDUCATION ARE:
• Teaching basic skills, such as reading, writing, and
arithmetic.
• Helping children develop skills in abstracting thinking
and problem solving.
• Transmitting the cultural heritage, from which
individual may develop an appreciation of their
society.
• Communicating to children the basic value of the
society.

25. • Teaching the special aspects of the culture, such as
art, music, literature, drama, science, technology, and
sports.
• Teaching vocational skills that help individuals enter
the job market.
• Training citizens for life within the political system of
their society.
• Preparing children to live long and form meaningful
relationship with other human beings.

26. PRIMARY EDUCATION AS A HUMAN RIGHT
• Primary education is essential in the early stages of
human life. Humans need education to enable them
to adapt to the dictates of their society. The United
Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) declare that education is a
fundamental human right and essential for the
exercise of all other human rights.