3. The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM),
informally called MANGALYAAN was
launched on 5 Nov. 2015 by the space
agency INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH
ORGANISATION (ISRO).
It is the first interplanetary
mission launched by the ISRO and ISRO
has become the fourth space agency in
the world to reach mars. It is the first
Asian nation to reach mars orbit , and
first nation in the world to do so in the
first attempt.
It was reached in to mars orbit in
to 24 Sep. 2014.
4. TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES:
Design and realization of Mars orbiter.
Deep space communication, Navigation, Mission planning
and management.
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES:
Exploration of Mars surface features.
Study of Morphology, Topography, Mineralogy and
Martian atmosphere by Indigenous scientific instruments.
To see mars had the environment in which life evolved.
Detect and measure methane with accuracy of ppb
5. The ISRO used its PSLV-XL (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle)
rocket to launch the Mars Orbiter Mission. The launch, on 5
November 2013, placed the Mars Orbiter Mission into Earth
orbit. Six orbit raising operations were conducted on 6, 7, 8, 10, 11
and 16 November by using the craft's on-board propulsion
system, which is a derivative of the system used on India's
communications satellites. These manoeuvres raised the orbit to
one with an apogee of 192,000 km and perigee of 252 km , where
it will remain for about 15 days. A firing on 1 December 2013 will
send MOM onto an interplanetary trajectory. Mars orbit
insertion is planned for 24 September 2014.The Mars Orbiter will
have to travel a distance of 780 million kilometers to reach Mars.
6. MASS:
The lift-off mass was 1,350 kg , including 852
kg of propellant mass.
DIMENSIONS:
Cuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 m .
POWER:
Electric power is generated by three solar array
panels of 1.8 × 1.4 m each. Electricity is stored in a
36 Ah Li-ion battery.
PROPULSION:
Liquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for
orbit raising and insertion in Martian orbit, and 8
numbers of 22 N thrusters are used for attitude
control .
COMMUNICATIONS:
Two 230 W TWTAs and two coherent
transponders. The antenna array consists of a low-
gain antenna, a medium-gain antenna and a high-
gain antenna.
7. The Mars Color Camera (MCC) will
provide high-quality images of the
planet.
The Thermal Infrared Imaging
Spectrometer (TIS) will measure
the temperature and emissivity of the
planet's surface as it varies from day
to night, making it possible to
identify minerals and soil types.
The Mars Exospheric Neutral
Composition Analyzer (MENCA) is
a mass spectrometer, which can
identify chemical compounds in the
planet's outer atmosphere
8. The Lyman Alpha
Photometer (LAP) will
measure the ratio of
deuterium to hydrogen, which
will help to explain how Mars
has lost its water over time.
The Methane Sensor for
Mars (MSM) is intended to
help answer one of the biggest
mysteries about the red
planet.
9. Stage 1: Geo Centric phase
departure hyperbolic trajectory &
escapes the Sphere of Influence(SOI) of
Earth on 5th Dec,2013.
“Minimum Energy Transfer
Orbit”
Stage 2:Hello centric phase
The Spacecraft leaves in a direction
tangential to Earth Orbit & encountered
Mars tangentially to its orbit.
Stage 3:Martian phase
The spacecraft is scheduled to arrive
at the Mars Sphere of Influence(around
573473 km from the surface of Mars) in a
hyperbolic trajectory on 22th Sep,2014.
10. TRACKING AND COMMAND
The Indian Space Research Organisation Telemetry,
Tracking and Command Network performed navigation
and tracking operation for the launch with ground
stations at Sriharikota, Port blair, Brunei and Biak in
Indonesia, and after the spacecraft apogee becomes
more than 100,000km, two large anteennas of the Indian
deep space network will be utilized. NASAs deep space
network will provide position data through its three
states located in Canbera ,Madrid and Goldstone on the
U.S. West Coast during the non-visible period of ISROs
network.
11. BUDGET FOR MOM
The total cost of the project is 450 corers or
71 dollar.
It is one of the very cheapest and worthy mission
launched by ISRO.
12.
13. INTERESTING FACTS
The project was approved by the government in Aug
2012.It took ISRO just a year to put together the
spacecraft and the project .(i.e in Aug 2013)
It takes 14 minutes for a signal to reach mars. If MOM
sends any data, it took just 14 min to reach ISRO’s
communication panel. Similarly it happens when any
instructions sent to MOM.
India has join the U.S, Europe and Russia in an elite
group of countries to have successfully undertaken a
mission to Mars.
14. CONCLUSION
Mars orbiter mission is one of the toughest mission
launched by the isro. This mission increase the reputation
of the india very much. The Mars Orbiter Mission team
won US-based National Space Society’s 2015 Space Pioneer
Award in the science and engineering category. On 24
September 2015, ISRO released its "Mars Atlas", a 120-page
scientific atlas containing images and data from the Mars
Orbiter Mission's first year in orbit
After success of the first mission ISRO plans to develop and
launch a follow-up mission called Mangalyaan 2 with a
greater scientific payload to Mars by 2020.