1. A framework for addressing
dishonesty in ODL
Point, click, copy and paste
Ansie Minnaar
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2. Outline
1. Why a framework for controlling
dishonesty in ODL?
2. The presentation of dishonesty
3. Definitions
4. Reasons for dishonesty
5. Opportunities for dishonesty
6. Paper mills
7. Plagiarism detection tools
8. Framework for controlling dishonesty in
ODL
9. Conclusion
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3. Ansie Minnaar 2012 Unisa 3

4. “Plagiarism is not new
and has been a problem that has
plagued higher education and
other institutions for years...”
(Bloodgood, Turnley and Mudrack 2010).
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5. Dishonesty can only be
addressed, not stopped
entirely
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6. Dishonesty most often presents itself
in five ways:
1. Students paraphrase a source without citing the source
2. Students submit work that appears to be paraphrased and
contain references, but in fact it was copied word for word from
the original source
3. Students present work as their own, without including any
citations in the text
4. Students submit work that was done
by another student
Cheating is rampant in academia
Students openly admit their
dishonesty and, in some cases,
even boast about how easy it is
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7. Definition of plagiarism
From the Latin origins we know that plagiarism has criminal
connotations.
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8. What are the reasons for
dishonesty?
 Changes of subjective norms
 The student ability indicators
 Students’ academic beliefs
 Students with higher expectations of success are more likely to
cheat than students with lower expectations
 Students who see themselves as being on the edge of failure
 Impoverished students who study under poor conditions are
more likely to cheat
 Extracurricular activities (such as partying)
(Whitley 1998: 235)
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9. Opportunities for dishonesty
“The range of dishonest
academic practice is limited
only by student’s ability to
use technology creatively”
(Underwood and Szabo 2003: 470)
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10. • http://www.schoolsucks.com
• http://www.cheatinghouse.com
• http://www.collegetermpapers.com Is a free site
• “The Evil House of Cheat” http://www.cheathouse.com
claims more than a million hits
• Papers are also sold to students at “A1termpaper” with
reported sales of 1 000– 2 000 papers in the first year after
going online.
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11. Essaysfree.com, BigNerds.com
 OPPapers.com
AcademicTermpapers.com, which charges $7 per page
Paperstore.net for $10 per page
A1termpaper.com (aka 1-800-termpaper.com). This site is
selling papers that were mostly written during the 1970s
and which are rather pricy at $62
Students could also buy custom-made papers written to their
specification at PaperMasters.com, from between $17 to
$20 per page, or a custom paper at $71
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12. Plagiarism Detection Tools
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14. The Plagiarism Resource Centre at the University of
Virginia: http://plagiarism.phys.virginia.edu
EVE2 Plagiarism detection programme at
http://www.canexus.com
Glatt Plagiarism services at http://www.plagiarism.com
iThenticate at Http://www.ithenticate.com or
http://www.plagiarism.org
Lexis-Nexis CopyGuard at
http://www.lexisnexis.com/copyguard
MyDropBox Assignment Suite™ (for Blackboard)
Plagiarism-Finder at http://www.m4-software.com
Wcopyfind 2.6 at http:www.plagiarism.phys.virginia.edu
http://www.canexus.com
http://www.catchitfirst.com
http://www.copycatchgold.com
http://www.integriguad.com
http://www.turnitin.com
Eliminating Plagiarism:
http://www.ku.edu/~writing/instructors/classes.html
Electronic Plagiarism Seminar:
http://www.lemoyne.edu/library/plagirism.htm
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15. Framework for addressing dishonesty in ODL
Changes
Safeguard against
moral dishonesty in ODL
obligations
Changes attitude Opportunities for
towards dishonesty dishonesty
behaviour
Informs the
Changes
intention
Subjective to cheat
norms
High
School
dishonesty
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16. Deterrents for addressing dishonesty
The literature is vague about deterrents for dishonesty
Deterrents are not officially implemented for dishonesty in
formative assessment ??
• Penalties such as reducing the grade for the piece of work
or zero
• Policing?
• No marks
• Reprimand
• Disciplinary actions
• Fines
• Suspension
• Cancellation of enrollment
• Review panel to impose penalties
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18. Thank you
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