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Plant Diagnosis Guide
- 14. 1. Accurately identify the plant.
- 15. So, is this “normal?”
- 16. 2. Look for a pattern of abnormality.
- 17. Non uniform usually = living causal agent
- 18. Uniform usually = non-living causal agent
- 19. 3. Carefully examine the site.
- 20. Never underestimate site factors!
- 21. 4. Note the color, size, and thickness of foliage.
- 22. Various leaf irregularities may give you a clue…
- 23. 5. Check the trunk and branches.
- 24. What caused this damage?
- 25. 6. Check the roots and root collar.
- 26. This frequently overlooked area is often the “root of the problem.”
- 27. Healthy roots and dead roots
- 28. What root/soil investigation can show you…
- 29. As you go through the process, try to eliminate certain possibilities… pH? pH!!! X X ??? ???
- 30. … and an opportunistic leaf spot. Poor tree health is rarely the result of one condition, but rather a complex [a combination of factors that lead to the stress of decline of a tree] of abiotic and biotic contributors. Stress this to the tree owner!
- 32. Diagnostic Process – Questions?
- 34. Symptom or Sign?
- 35. Symptom or Sign?
- 36. Symptom or Sign?
- 48. Necrosis – localized death of tissue in a living organism
- 49. Dieback – condition in which the ends of the branches are dying
- 50. Powdery Mildew – white or grayish fungal growth on the surface of stems or foliage
- 51. Vascular discoloration – darkening of the vascular tissues of woody plants in response to disease
- 55. Signs and Symptoms Questions?
- 61. Can you “save” my tree?
- 63. Break???
- 73. What is an insect?
- 74. NOT an insect!
- 85. Scales
- 86. Others…
- 93. Diseases that cause defoliation – loss of leaves from a tree or other plant by biological or mechanical means
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Not specific disorders but what to look for to be able to tell Best part of this class is to learn this process (nothing) What is a physiological disorder? however…
- I cannot stress this enough. Take time to investigate! It’s my experience that most arborists/ horticulturists do NOT do this. When that’s completed you must make the appropriate recommendations.
- Think like a non-arborist – like you know nothing about trees
- I like to define my terms – in most cases this evening disease will mean the following: EPA’s experiment to test emissions from trees – wrongfully thought of as “pollutants.”
- Following are a few slides of a disorder…can you guess what happened from these clues?
- It’s more than just identification. Anyone know what this is?
- You must know the species and everything about the plant. Think Michael Dirr!
- Do comparisons with other plants on the site, especially of the same species. Look for differences in color or growth.
- Often cross species lines – this can be a huge help
- As we’ll discuss later, various foliar symptoms can give clues as to the disorder involved. Look at the location of the affected foliage as well. Leaves at the top of the tree that are affected usually indicate a vascular disruption. pH problems may appear only on one side.
- The severity of trunk damage is almost always more than what is usually considered. ISA formula.
- .
- Consumer confidence in the industry is poor. “Flip” diagnoses can make you look bad – who does the consumer trust? Usually, (unfortunately) someone on TV.
- Example of borer holes vs. the causal factor. Questions on the diagnostic process?
- Rust as a symptom
- There can be many causes for a specific symptom. Ash rust. Don’t have a narrow focus.
- Questions on signs and symptoms?
- Barrel example
- Insect defoliation, some herbicide damage, freeze damage
- Nutrient deficiency, drought, pH, improper light intensity
- Heavy fruit production; most common causes of tree stress are site and/or environment related: inadequate water, extreme cold, adverse soil conditions – compaction, mechanical injury Stress is NOT irreversible. If the stress factor(s) can be identified, it is possible to alleviate the condition and improve the health of the tree. If only secondary facors are identfied and treated, the tree will likely continue to decline.
- Stress may be reversible if you correctly identify the primary cause. Borer example. Questions on stress?
- Book’s construction damage example; borers again
- A reason not to over plant. Treatment: reduce competition.
- Usually inhibition is minor and of importance on young plants. Most every plant has some capacity to produce an allelopathic reaction. Juglone. Tall fescue and other grasses have strong influence on young trees.
- Treatments – remove the source or wash the foliage
- Show sample of damage; odd curl or “cupping”, parallel venation; others may “bleach” leaf of chlorophyll (chlorosis). Soil sterilants will have long term effects. Apply herbicides according to label and keep them away from trees! Temperature effects.
- Questions on the abiotic disorders?
- Three body parts, 6 legs, antennae
- Why is this important?
- Bagworm, gypsy moth, tent caterpillar NOT WEBWORM
- Asian longhorn beetle, emerald ash borer
- Oak wilt – sap feeding beetle, pine wilt -
- Questions on insects/nematodes?
- Tobacco mosaic. Questions about diseases?