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INTERNATIONAL
CAREERS GUIDE
2014

LAWSOC EXECUTIVE
Sharon Sun
Vice-President (International Careers)
Henry Sit
Asia Careers Director
Hannah Phua
Careers Marketing Coordinator
Wilson Nghe
International Corporate Careers Director
Dennis Xin
International Corporate Careers Director
Angelina Yurlova
International Careers Publications Director
Oliver Moore
International Public Interest Director
Benjamin Heenan
Co-President
Marie Iskander
Co-President
THANK YOU TO OUR
2014 SPONSORS
International Careers Guide Sponsors
Davis Polk & Wardwell
Freshfields, Bruckhaus, Deringer
Linklaters (Hong Kong)
Linklaters (United Kingdom)
2014 Hong Kong Law Fair Sponsors
Ashurst
Allen and Overy
Baker & McKenzie
City University of Hong Kong
Clifford Chance
David Polk & Wardwell
DLA Piper
Freshfields, Bruckhaus, Deringer
Hogan Lovells
Latham Watkins
Linklaters
Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe
Simmons & Simmons
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom
The University of Hong Kong
Copyright
© 2014 UNSW Law Society.
This publication is copyright. Except where permitted under the Copyright Act
1968 (Cth), no part of this publication may be reproduced or stored by any process,
electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the UNSW Law
Society.
Disclaimer
The articles and opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of
the UNSW Law Society, the editor, or the UNSW Faculty of Law. Although the editor
and authors have taken every care in preparing and writing the guide, they expressly
disclaim and accept no liability for any errors, omissions, misuse or misunderstandings
on the part of any person who uses or relies upon it. The editor, authors and UNSW
Law Society accept no responsibility for any damage, injury or loss occasioned to any
person or entity, whether law student or otherwise, as a result of a person relying,
wholly or in part, on any material included, omitted or implied in this publication.
Catherine Chan
Tim Chiang
Philip Chrystal
Julia Dolleschel
Laura Ferraro
Gordon Finlayson
Grace Ip
Aline Jaeckel
Amrita Kapur
Aden Knaap
Greemn Lim
Dr Lucas Lixinski
Bernard Lung
Adrien Ng
Prof Colin Picker
Sephora Sultana
Mavis Sun
Charlene Wong
Victor Yip
THANK YOU TO
OUR CONTRIBUTORS
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Vice President of International Careers
Welcome from the 2014 UNSW Law Presidents
International Careers Publications Director
INTERNATIONAL CORPORATE CAREERS
International Corporate Careers Directors
International Dean
Networking
HONG KONG
Asia Careers Director
Working in Hong Kong
How to Qualify
Advice
Davis Polk & Wardell
Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
Interview – Charlene Wong
Interview – Tim Chiang
Linklaters (HK)
Interview – Mavis Sun
Hong Kong Law Fair 2014 & Firm Presentations
Doing Your Own Research
UNITED KINGDOM
Practising Law in the United Kingdom
Linklaters (UK)
Interview – Laura Ferraro
Interview – Bernard Lung
Interview – Aden Knaap
EUROPE
Working in Switzerland
Working in Hungary
Working in Germany
UNITED STATES
Practising Law in the United States
Doing Your Own Research
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC INTEREST CAREERS
Public Interest Director
UN & Associated Organisations Legal Internships
Interview – Greemn Lim
Interview – Sephora Sultana
Interview – Aline Jaeckel
Interview – Amrita Kapur
NGO Positions
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International CareersVice-President,
UNSW Law Society
B Com/LLB (4th year)
University of New South Wales
A message from
The Vice-President of International Careers
This year, the International Careers Guide is separated
from the Australian Careers Guide to provide a more
streamlinedandspecialisedfocusoninternationalcareers.
Pursuing a career overseas requires extensive research on
what is required to work in a different legal jurisdiction,
differences in working culture, and the processes you need
to take when applying for the clerkship or job. We have
collected a range of personal testimonies from students
and professionals who provide invaluable insight on their
experiences working abroad.
Theguideisdesignedtoprovidestudentswithanoverview
of what job opportunities are available in the international
market and to encourage students to think about working
overseas in the future. I hope you will find something in
this guide that interests you. Happy reading and goodluck!
SHARON SUN

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A message from
The 2014 UNSW Law Presidents
Welcome from the 2014 UNSW Law
Society Presidents
As Co-Presidents of the UNSW Law Society we
are pleased to be introducing to you the 2014
International Careers Guide.
The UNSW Law School is one of the top law
schools in the world and as such our students
are highly sought after by international firms and
organisations. Entering into an international career
after your law degree offers you an array of opportunities
and experiences that you may not be able to acquire at a national
level. For this reason we highly encourage our members to consider using
this Guide when making an informed decision about legal careers available and the
possibilities of taking up a global career.
TheGuidewillprovideyouwithdetailedinformationaboutarangeofinternationalfirms–from
the type of work they undertake to how their graduate programs are structured and timed.
We are particularly pleased to see that the 2014 Guide has also dedicated a focus towards
public interest international organisations – so there is information available to accommodate
for all law students.
The International Careers team, with the help of their Vice-President (International Careers),
Sharon Sun, have done a stellar job in putting this Guide together for our UNSW Law Society
members and we trust that you will find this Guide particularly useful.
All the best with your applications!
Benjamin Heenan & Marie Iskander
Co-Presidents | UNSW Law Society 2014
BENJAMIN HEENAN & MARIE ISKANDER

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International Careers Publications Director,
UNSW Law Society
BA/LLB (2nd year)
A message from
The International Careers Publications Director
HOW TO READ THIS GUIDE
We have created a sleek, easy to follow and comprehensive International Careers Guide.
There are three main sections, these being Introduction, International Corporate Careers and
International Public Interest Careers, which are all colour coded for your convenience (Purple,
Green and Red, respectively). The Guide features interviews from a diverse cross-section of
individuals, ranging from law students to UNSW academics, to provide you with practical and
worthwhile advice. We have also included a myriad of useful links throughout the guide for
you to explore.
International Corporate Careers
This section is further divided into Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Europe and United States,
which cover the most popular and sought-after destinations by Australian law students looking
to study abroad. This section also features a number of top tier firm profiles and related
interviews from students who either did clerkships or participated in the various initiatives
offered by the firms.
International Public Interest Careers
This section is comprised of detailed profiles regarding UN legal internships and NGO positions,
accompanied by a number of individuals who share their personal experience with the public
interest sector.
I hope that the vibrant colours, visuals and design elements facilitate a close and engaging
reading of the 2014 International Careers Guide.
ANGELINA YURLOVA

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International
Corporate Careers

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A message from
International Corporate Careers Directors
We are one of the top law schools in Australia and as a
result UNSW law students are favoured by law firms around
the world. The international careers team have partnered
with law firms from Hong Kong and London to organise numerous
careers events, including a Hong Kong law fair and information sessions to inform UNSW
students about international opportunities. I encourage all UNSW law students to attend as
many events as possible.
WILSON NGHE
I encourage all of you to explore career possibilities beyond
what’s available in Australia. By doing a little research, you will
discover there are so many places in the world your UNSW
Law Degree can take you. The student contributions that follow
reveal that our students have been successful building careers
as diverse as Corporate Law in London, Human Rights Law in the
Netherlands, Clerkships in Hong Kong, and Master’s Degrees in the
United States. Hopefully the information and insights provided by
this guide will be a valuable leaping off point as you chart you careers
in the law.
International Corporate Careers Director,
UNSW Law Society
B Com/LLB (3rd year)
International Corporate Careers Director,
UNSW Law Society
DENNIS XIN

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Colin Picker is the International Associate Dean at the
University of New SouthWales Law School.A graduate
of Yale Law School, and a former clerk on a Federal
Court ofAppeals in the United States, he has extensive
insight into legal practice in Australia, America, and in
a number of other jurisdictions across the world.
COLIN PICKER
A message from
The International Associate Dean
What motivates UNSW students to apply to work in
abroad – in Hong Kong, New York, or London?
It is actually lifestyle decisions that tend to motivate our
students to pursue a career in those major international cities.
A lot of people want to experience living in one of those two
cities. Another motivating factor might be that the most elite
law firms in New York and London receive the most challenging
and engaging transactions and cases anywhere in the world.
That being said, the lawyers at top Australian law firms also
have opportunities to do very interesting and difficult work,
so the main motivating factor is definitely the lifestyle choice.
What different pathways are there to practising law in
the United States?
There are two different pathways to securing a position at
an American law firm for Australian graduates. The more
common way is to first become a lawyer at a prominent law
firm in Australia. After you have a few years of experience,
you can either be posted overseas by that firm, or you can
apply to foreign law firms laterally. As an Australian lawyer
working overseas, you will be involved in either Australian law
with Australian clients in America, or you will be working on
transnational law. It is rare that an Australian lawyers working
in America will be practising American law.
The second way is to apply to study a Master of Law (LLM) at
an accredited American Law School. This is more complicated,
because not all state jurisdictions in America allow you to take
the bar exam, and become a qualified attorney as a foreign
graduate with a United States LLM. LLM is only a one year
degree, and many states require a three year JD degree to be
eligible for the bar exam.
There are some states, however, where an LLM from an
American Law School will qualify you for the bar exam. New
York and California are such states.
What about pathways to practising law in London?
It is actually very similar for London. Most UNSW graduates
who practice law in London are lateral hires who have a few
years of experience at a prominent Australian law firm. There
are a small number each year who have completed Masters
Degrees at universities in the United Kingdom and been hired
as solicitors or barristers directly.
What about working in the Not for Profit Legal Sector
in America?
The best path to securing a position at a not for profit
organisation in America would be to apply for a position at
an international organisation like World Bank or International
Monetary Fund as an experienced lawyer. These international
organisations have quotas for how many Americans and how
many Australians they take in each year. Top American Public
Interest Organisations such as the American Civil Liberties
Union, the NAACP Legal Defence Fund, and the National Public
Defenders typically only consider hiring experienced lawyers
from prestigious law firms, or stellar graduates of elite law
schools that have completed a judicial clerkship at a Federal
Appeals Court or the Supreme Court.

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NETWORKING
Networking may be an unfamiliar term to some, perhaps something that sounds outdated and distant
to the current generation of law graduates. However, be assured that this valuable skill is perhaps one of
the most important weapons in your arsenal to finding you that job you want. Not only does it improve
your communication skills with industry professionals but also allows you to forge relationships with key
employees of the law firms. A good networker may not have as good a mark as the next law graduate next
to him or her, but by leaving a lasting impression on the H.R manager or even a Partner can help build in-
roads to getting that next job.
FIVE TIPS:
STAND OUT. The hardest part of networking is standing out. Given that we are all receiving the same
education, UNSW law graduates may seem homogenous and similar in substance. Make yourself different
by talking passionately about your hobbies and interests (whether it be a sport you play or your love of
public interest law); make an attempt to learn about the other person’s interests.
BE GENUINE. Show a genuine interest in something you and the other person have in common
and never go in with the mindset that because you are investing your time in this, that you will receive
something in return.
BE PATIENT AND KEEP IN CONTACT. Relationships take time to build and you cannot expect
results from just the one meeting. Follow-up by emailing the person after meeting them and try to learn
more about the firm or what they look for in a candidate.
BE CURIOUS AND ASK QUESTIONS. Recruiters will inevitably be bombarded constantly with
the same questions. Try to think about how the firm will affect you and tailor creative questions to your
situation. E.g. “Personally, I am a third year Commerce/Law student with an interest in international law.
How does my degree and my passion for international law fit into a firm like yours?”
HAVE A FEW SENTENCES ABOUT YOURSELF THAT PROMOTES YOU TO THE FIRM.
Having a pre-prepared opener that sells you as a law graduate is useful to lay the foundations of the
conversation and let the firm representative know where you are coming from. Don’t allow this spiel to
be too long so keep it concise by covering key information and your main strengths.
Tips for Networking

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Asia Careers Director, UNSW Law Society
B Com/LLB (3rd year)
A message from
The Asia Careers Directior
As UNSW law students, we are fortunate
enough to have countless opportunities beckoning
our attention abroad. Amongst these places are growing
hubs such as Asia, a goldmine of unlimited potential for
law graduates. I would encourage you all to attend the
UNSW Hong Kong Law Fair held on the 25th of March and
gain an understanding about working in Asia. A place like
Hong Kong houses some of the heaviest hitters in the legal
industry and as a commercial hub of the world, there is a
firm out there with a culture to suit just about everybody.
Many UNSW law graduates hold an insular view that they
must work domestically but the truth is, the world is at your
fingertips. It’s up to you to explore outside the boundaries
of Australia and a simple search on the Internet may just
break you free. I hope this guide will be helpful to all law
students and inspire you into leading a global career.
HENRY SIT

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Practising Law in Hong Kong
Qualifying as a Solicitor in Hong Kong
QUALIFYING AS A SOLICITOR
There are two avenues to qualifying as a solicitor in
Hong Kong - either as a trainee solicitor or via the
overseas lawyer route.
THE TRAINEE SOLICITOR ROUTE
This is the most obvious pathway to qualification for
university graduates. In summary, to be admitted,
prospective solicitors are required to complete a
Bachelor of Laws (LLB) or a Juris Doctor (JD) from
a common law jurisdiction, the Postgraduate
Certificate in Laws (PCLL) in Hong Kong, and finally a
two-year training contract with a law firm.
Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL)
The PCLL is a one year full-time legal education
program provided by three universities in Hong
Kong. Apart from securing a training contract,
requirements for admission into the PCLL present
one of the most challenging barriers to admission in
Hong Kong. These are:
1. Completion of your LLB/JD before PCLL
commencement.
2. Demonstration of competence in 11 core & 3
top-up subjects.
3. A score of at least 7 from the IELTS
(International English Language Testing System)
test.
Moreover, competition for places in the PCLL
program is intense and is usually based only on
academic merit. A high credit or distinction average
in your law degree is generally recommended.
Training contracts
These are special employment contracts with law
firms and trainee solicitors are roughly comparable
to graduate solicitors in Australia. During the two-
year period, trainee solicitors are exposed to work
from at least three practice areas and many top-tier
firms second their trainees to overseas offices as
part of the training.
Internships are generally for penultimate year
students and last between two weeks to a month.
They are available in June/July and December to
February, though not all firms run schemes for all
these months. Interns at top-tier firms can expect
to be remunerated at the market rate and may
even receive a living allowance. For Australian
students, interviews for internships in Hong Kong
are conducted over the phone, on-campus during
the Hong Kong Law Fair, or through the firms Sydney
or Melbourne offices.
THE OVERSEAS LAWYER ROUTE
Practising solicitors in an overseas common law
jurisdiction (including Australian states) with at
least 2 years post-qualification experience can
seek admission through this route. In order to
be admitted, five Overseas Lawyers Qualification
Examinations (four written and one oral) must be sat
and passed. In addition, there are certain residency
requirements which must also be satisfied.
An overseas lawyer, pending qualification, can also
be registered as a foreign lawyer with the Law Society
of Hong Kong. Experience gained as a registered
foreign lawyer can count towards the 2 years post-
qualification experience requirement. Registered
foreign lawyers, however, must work from within a
law firm.

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QUALIFYING AS A BARRISTER
The pathways to being admitted as a barrister are largely
similar to that of a solicitor. Prospective barristers in Hong
Kong can either seek ad hoc admission if they have been
admitted as barristers overseas or general admission after
completion of the PCLL. For those who elect to take the
PCLL, certain electives must be taken within the PCLL
program and you should check with the universities.
Furthermore, instead of a training contract, a pupillage is
required.
General admission is also available to practising solicitors
in Hong Kong or overseas practising lawyers, provided they
have completed a pupillage.
Given that the focus of this guide is set on qualifying as
a solicitor in Hong Kong, this sub-section is admittedly
brief and incomplete. Those interested in qualifying as a
barrister in Hong Kong are strongly recommended to visit
the website of the Hong Kong Bar Association at http://
www.hkba.org/ for more information about admission
requirements.
ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS
Apart from getting a training contract, this is perhaps the
most difficult step in becoming qualified in Hong Kong. It
is, therefore, important that you familiarise yourself with
what is involved and how you can overcome this step.
WHAT IS IT?
The Hong Kong Conversion Examinations are preparatory
exams for non-Hong Kong students to meet requirements
for admission to Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL)
in Hong Kong. Entry requirements for PCLL require
demonstration of competence in 11 Core Subjects:
Contracts; Torts; Constitutional Law; Criminal Law; Land
Law; Equity; Civil Procedure; Criminal Procedure; Evidence;
Business Associations; and Commercial Law.
Australian students with non-Hong Kong law qualifications
must also demonstrate competence in three Top-up
Subjects for the purpose of PCLL admission, namely:
1. Hong Kong Constitutional Law;
2. Hong Kong Legal System; and
3. Hong Kong Land Law.
However, students who have already completed or will
complete all or some core subjects in an Australian
universitymayapplyforexemptionstothePCLLConversion
Examination and Administration (PCEA) if the subjects are
completed as part of their non-Hong Kong common law
qualification.
How do I get exemptions for the 11 core subjects that
have been already completed or will be completed at a
university overseas?
ToapplyforexemptionfromanyConversionExamination(s),
students must submit an Application for Evaluation to the
Conversion Examinations Board.
What if my law degree does not involve a course listed
above or if I do not get an exemption?
You must satisfy all 14 subjects before you begin the PCLL
program which is a necessary step to being qualified
as a solicitor in Hong Kong. If your law degree does not
require you to complete certain subjects listed above or
PCEA does not grant you an exemption, the most obvious
route to take is to sit Conversion examinations. These
are administered by PCEA and obtaining a pass in these
examinations demonstrates “competence” in the relevant
subject.
Another way of demonstrating competence is to complete
the relevant subjects as a visiting “internal” student at
either The University of Hong Kong, City University of Hong
Kong, or the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
When are Conversion examinations offered?
Conversion exams are usually offered in January and in
June/July. Students should check the PCLL Conversion
Examination website www.pcea.com.hk for specific dates.
Practising Law in Hong Kong
Qualifying as a Barrister in Hong Kong

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How to Qualify
As a Solicitor or Barrister in Hong Kong

How to Qualify
17
In order to be admitted as a solicitor in Hong
Kong, students can hold a ‘qualifying’ or a ‘non
qualifying’ law degree. Australian students
with a Bachelor of Laws or a Juris Doctor fall
under the former category and benefit from
this system as they are not required to sit a
law conversion course. However, if Australian
students have not completed the subjects
deemed as ‘core subjects’ in Hong Kong,
they will need to complete PCLL conversion
examinations to cover these. Students
may also need to complete three ‘Top-up’
subjects: Hong Kong Constitutional Law, Hong
Kong Legal System and Hong Kong Land Law.
For more information on the Hong Kong
Conversion Examination, please visit Hong
Kong Conversion Examination Board
(www.pcea.com.hk)
Australian students will need to complete the
Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL) (either
1 year full time or 2 years part-time). PCLL
providers include: City University of Hong
Kong, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
and The University of Hong Kong. Students
should contact these institutions to determine
ifaspecificcourseissufficientforthepurposes
of admission into the PCLL programme.
Australianstudentswillalsoneedtoundertake
a training contract (2 years full time) at a law
firm. It will be advantageous in obtaining a
training students where students possess
Chinese language abilities.
VACATION WORK
AND PUPILLAGES/TRAINING
CONTRACTS
Recruitment practices (for Vacation
Programmes/Mini-pupillages and Training
Contracts/Pupillages) vary from employer
to employer. Generally applications should
be made earlier rather than later: for
vacation work, several months in advance;
for Pupillage, about 1 to 2 years beforehand.
Training Contracts with large law firms should
be sought over 2 years in advance of your
desired start date, while the Department of
Justice normally conducts its legal trainee
recruitment shortly after the commencement
of the PCLL year.
Most law firms have one intake of Trainee
Solicitors each year (in August/September)
and will interview all their vacation students
(and others) for Training Contracts. Therefore
when to apply for a vacation placement
depends on when you will join as a Trainee
Solicitor.
How to Qualify

Catherine shares her experience on applying
to Hong Kong Clerkships
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Advice
On applying to Hong Kong Clerkships
From my personal experience in the Hong
Kong law firm’s recruitment process, the
biggest lesson I wish I had known was the
importance of having the requisite Chinese
skills, especially Chinese (Mandarin) skills in
reading, writing and conversing.
If you are serious on pursuing a Hong Kong
law career, you should begin thinking of
ways in which you can make yourself the
most competitive candidate out there by
considering Beijing or Shanghai language
courses where you are immersed in the
language and culture for the duration of the
program.
Law firms often test your Chinese skills in the
course of your Vacation Program; hence, even
if you do gain experience in the clerkship it is
more difficult without a good foundation of
Chinese to obtain a trainee contract.
Nonetheless, I am aware that in the past,
students have progressed from a Vacation
Student to a Trainee without these skills.
It is also vital from the onset that you truly
understandwhyyouareinterestedinpursuing
a career in Hong Kong, and not in Sydney.
Before an interview, take time to consider
what makes you personally want to pursue
a career in law and what kind of skills you
are able to bring to the firm, distinguishing
yourself from other students also interested
in the same path.
I would encourage everyone to apply, as a
Vacation Program in Hong Kong or other
countries would be truly an insightful
experience with a lot to learn about other
countries and yourself.
CATHERINE CHAN

Grace Ip is a UNSW Law Graduate who is now
pursuing her PCLL conversion while working
as a paralegal at a law firm in Hong Kong.
She came to UNSW as an international
student and has decided to pursue a career
back home.
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GRACE IP
If you are considering moving back to
Hong Kong to pursue a legal career, it is
very important to start thinking about the
conversion exams early on in your degree.
Some students don’t start thinking about
conversion exams until final year, which is
probablytoolateorrushed.Ideally,youshould
spend a summer or two before you graduate
studying the contents for these conversion
exams. The conversion exam, which you do
before you’re eligible for the PCLL, is offered
by three different institutions in Hong Kong.
It is also important to research the different
institutions that offer the PCLL because they
each have different entry requirements. You
can do this research on the PCLL website
which has information on each institution.
Personally, I did a bit of research during
my final summer regarding the different
options for institutions. In terms of gathering
information about career prospects in Hong
Kong, I found the Hong Kong Law Fair each
year to be a valuable source of information.
Finally, from my experience in searching for
a position at a law firm in Hong Kong, the
interviewers seem to look for candidates who
are committed to a legal position in Hong
Kong and at their firm over the long term. It
is important to be able to explain clearly your
motivations for applying, showing that you
are willing to commit to a career path at their
firm for the long term. Additionally, having
some relevant work experience and strong
grades is important.
Advice
For International Students pursuing a career back home

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Firm Address:
18/F The Hong Kong Club Building,
3A Chater Road, Central, Hong Kong
Contact details:
Phone: +852 2533-3340
Email:
terese.auyeung@davispolk.com
Office locations:
New York, Washington, Menlo Park,
Beijing, Hong Kong, Tokyo, London,
Paris, Madrid, Sao Paulo
Number of lawyers in Hong Kong:
~100
Number of partners in Hong Kong:
11
Firm’s Areas of Practice:
Equity Capital Market, Debt Capital
Market, Mergers & Acquisition,
Private Equity, Enforcement &
Litigation
Number of summer clerks the firm
anticipates on accepting:
Summer clerks – 18 to 20
Winter clerks – 6 to 8.
Clerkship application deadline:
Winter Vacation Scheme 2014/2015:
1 Aug 2014
Summer Vacation Scheme 2015: 1
Feb 2015
Application:
Online at
www.davispolk.com/careers/hong.
kong
(see vacation scheme)
What should be included in a
student’s application?
Resume, cover letter and academic
transcript.
DAVIS POLK & WARDELL
Hong Kong
ABOUT THE FIRM
What is the history/background of the firm?
The firm started in 1849 and we have worked on many of the most significant business
and legal developments of the past 160 years – from landmark court cases to the
formation of major corporations and financial institutions to the development of new
financial instruments. Today, we continue to expand upon this tradition of leadership,
creativity and extraordinary client service.
We work with the leading companies in the world, frequently on matters and cases
that are unprecedented in size, scope and complexity. Our practices – all of them – rank
among the highest in the profession worldwide. No one offers smarter, more dedicated
lawyers or more meaningful leadership in innovation. Our balance and depth have
allowed Davis Polk to remain at the epicenter of business and legal matters through
good times and bad, as our clients navigate the ups and downs of the economic cycle.
For more details of the notable events in the history of our, firm please click : http://
www.davispolk.com/firm/history/
What is an interesting case that the firm is currently working on?
Last year, we completed the acquisition of Canada’s Nexen by our client, State Owned
Enterprise oil & Gas giant, CNOOC. This is the largest ever successful outbound
acquisition by a Chinese company to date. This deal has since won many awards
including Deal of the Year (FinanceAsia 2013); one of China Business Law Journal’s
2013 Deals of the Year; and China Law & Practice’s Energy & Natural Resources Deal of
the Year 2013
How does the firm encourage a work/life balance?
Work life balance is not easy to achieve in any corporate law firm. Our staffing partners
work hard to ensure that associates are staffed equitably and that there is enough
support at all levels. We also arrange social activities such as firm lunches, BBQs,
retreats and monthly drinks so that associates can get together outside of work.
Recognizing that it is important to keep our associates fit and healthy, the firm sponsors
sporting activities such as dragon-boating, soccer and basketball as well as subsidizing
gym memberships so that lawyers can work off steam and de-stress.
Family life is important to our associates and the firm recognizes this and provides for
generous parental leave provisions.
What is the typical progression of a lawyer in the firm?
At Davis Polk, we have a very flat structure. Lawyers progress from associate level to
Counsel to partners.
What professional development opportunities does the firm offer?
All of our trainees will be sent on secondment to out New York office for 6 months so
that they can experience first-hand what it is like to work in a Wall Street Law Firm.
The firm will also sponsor trainees to take the New York Bar and provide study leave
and pay for the Bar Bri preparation courses to prepare for the exam while they are in
New York.
Associates are sent to New York during their junior mid and senior years to participate
in firm wide training program which lasts for 3-5 days.

21
What is a recent pro bono matter that the firm has worked on?
Davis Polk has been working with the Hong Kong Refugee Advice Centre (HKRAC soon to be relaunched as the Hong
Kong Justice Centre ) for a few years, providing pro bono legal aid to refugees seeking protection at the UN High
Commissioner for Refugees in Hong Kong. We have worked on several matters with HKRAC, from research and
memo-writing to full Refugee Status Determination representations.
Apart from volunteering our legal services, we also regularly make available over weekends, free of charge, our state
of the art training and function facilities at our office to enable training to be delivered by the HKRAC to lawyers who
would like to be involved in its voluntary work.
Why work with this firm?
Working at Davis Polk means that you have the opportunity to work on the largest and most important transactions
in China and Hong Kong; to work with and learn from a number of the most highly-regarded lawyers in the market.
A smaller, more entrepreneurial environment also means that our lawyers have direct involvement in matters that
are reshaping the global economy.
We provide extensive training programs across many practice areas and legal topics and a have a dedicated, full-time
associate development staff to look after the lawyers.
A collaborative approach and culture which comes from our lockstep system enables you to work with and learn from
Davis Polk’s lawyers around the world.
CLERKSHIP INFORMATION
What is the application process like for clerks?
Students interested in our vacation scheme should apply online with a covering letter, CV and transcripts.
Please visit www.davispolk.com/careers/hong-kong (see vacation scheme).
What specific qualities does the firm look for in a potential clerk?
We are interested in students who are hardworking and driven. They should have with strong academics, Chinese
language abilities and cultural sensitivity.
What kind of responsibilities can a clerk expect in the firm?
Vacation clerks will have the opportunity to work on international and cross border transactions for a variety of firm
clients by being staffed on live deals. They will also attend training programs designed to teach skills required to
become an effective solicitor as well as information sessions focused on the work of our Asia practice.
What ‘co-curricular’ activities are available for summer clerks?
Our associate development team puts on regular social events for our vacation clerks. We hope that through the
attendance at firm-sponsored social events and interactions with lawyer mentors, clerks will have fun and also have
the opportunity to experience Davis Polk’s collaborative culture. Sponsored social events include wine tasting, horse
racing , BBQ, dragon boat racing, leather workshops, cooking and baking classes and art jam, to name a few.
After being a clerk, what are the prospects of becoming a graduate?
The vacation scheme forms part of our recruitment process for trainee solicitors. When considering candidates for
our trainee pool, we give preference to our vacation clerks.

22
Q
A
July 2012: Bachelor of Commerce (Accounting), University of Sydney
July 2014: Bachelor of Laws, University of Sydney
Victor grew up in Hong Kong and started university in Australia after completing
Form 5. He then worked at Davis Polk as a Summer Associate in July 2013 and
will be joining the firm as a Trainee Solicitor in 2015.
VICTOR YIP
Q
A
Q
A
Why Davis Polk?
Davis Polk has a stellar reputation for having one
of the best corporate teams in Hong Kong and has
received numerous Tier 1 rankings by industry
rating organizations such as Chambers and IFLR.
The firm works on cutting edge deals with the
world’s leading companies and has acted as legal
counsel in some of the world’s largest capital
market, M&A and private equity transactions. The
team regularly advises on US securities law, which
allows trainees to gain experience in a mix of work
from both Hong Kong and the US. Trainees will also
have secondment opportunities to the New York
head office as part of the 2-year training program.
The recently launched litigation practice is a
key milestone in the firm’s progression towards
becoming a full service firm in Hong Kong. The
practice is led by two of Hong Kong’s most highly
regarded litigators, who have brought with them a
wealth of experience in areas such as compliance,
regulatory investigations and complex commercial
litigation.
What made my experience different
being at Davis Polk?
What impressed me most were the people at
DPW. The entire team was most approachable,
knowledgeable and willing to teach me new
things, which greatly benefited my appreciation
and understanding of the ‘big picture’. I was given
hands-on experience in a wide range of work,
such as IPO applications, arbitral proceedings and
drafting reform proposals to government advisory
bodies.
The firm also gave us a generous budget for inviting
associates to lunch. Apart from indulging in culinary
delights in some of the city’s most acclaimed
restaurants, it was a great way for us to learn about
the firm and its people in an informal setting!
What is the culture like at Davis Polk?
The firm’s culture strikes a good balance between
professionalism and openness, coupled with subtle
hints of traditionalism as one would expect from
one the oldest Wall Street law firms. Although
the firm sets high expectations regarding its work
quality, people are always courteous, helpful and
respectful towards one another. The people come
from a fascinating myriad of backgrounds and are
an absolute pleasure to work with.

24
Firm Address:
11/F, Two Exchange Square,
Central, Hong Kong
Contact details:
Telephone: 28463400
Fax: 28106192
chinagraduates@freshfields.com
www.freshfields.com/chinarecruiting
Corporate (M&A and IPO)
Corporate – IP/IT
Dispute Resolution
Finance
Antitrust, Competition and Trade
Application:
All applicants should submit their
application via our website
www.freshfields.com/chinarecruiting
Application deadline:
2014 Winter
internship programme will be
Opens: 1 February 2014
Closes: 30 April 2014
Trainee solicitors:
Positions in 2016: 8-10
Positions in 2017: 8-10
The firm wants your training to be as
broad as possible. So you will spend
six months in corporate, three months
in finance, three months in dispute
resolution and three months in either
antitrust, competition and trade or
corporate-IP/IT. You will also do a six
month seat in London and three month
seat in either Shanghai or Beijing.
In two years you’ll cover a range of
industries and practice areas, build
your business knowledge and find a
field you’d like to pursue further.
ABOUT THE FIRM
Although it is common for us to advise on a deal or a problem that is entirely China-based, the
majority of our clients are international businesses investing in China, or Chinese businesses wanting
to expand and invest internationally. And, increasingly, transactions will span Asia, the United States
and Europe. The teams we put together to advise clients often include colleagues from many of our
28 offices.
We opened our office in Hong Kong nearly 30 years ago and we were one of the first international
law firms to set up in the PRC, opening offices in Beijing and Shanghai 20 years ago. What this means
for our people is being part of a firm with a deep understanding of China’s political and regulatory
framework.
We’ve helped some of the largest Chinese state-owned enterprises list on stock exchanges in Hong
Kong, New York and London – as well as on the various PRC exchanges. Over the next few years
we’ll no doubt help many more to do the same, from banks to utility companies, airlines to railways.
We help our Chinese clients buy and sell businesses, form joint ventures, raise debt and equity,
solve commercial issues with counterparties and competitors, launch new products, protect their
intellectualproperty,andresolvetheirdisputesthrougharbitration.Wedothesameforinternational
businesses wanting to invest in the region. That’s why an interest in China is vital.
WHAT WE’RE LOOKING FOR
A good degree is essential, but there are certain qualities that all candidates need.
There are four qualities below that we look for regardless of your background. These should give
you an idea of whether we’d be right for you
1. You need a SHARP ANALYTICAL MIND, but you also need mental stamina and the ability to
recognise the problem and the tenacity to stick with it until it’s solved.
2. A career in law attracts different personalities, which is great. We’re not after identical people.
But HOW YOU COMMUNICATE and the effect you have on others is important.
3. As commercial lawyers our task is to interpret what the law says and what that means to our
clients and the effect it has on their plans. So you need to be INTERESTED IN THE COMMERCIAL
WORLD.
4. To thrive in this career you need CONFIDENCE. It’s our job to spot actual and potential
confidence and to recognise those who will flourish.
INTERNSHIP PROGRAMME
For those interested in applying to be a Hong Kong trainee, we run three four-week internship
programmes every year so you can experience what life is like at Freshfields.
The firm offer Hong Kong internships in every December (for law students in Australia), June and
July (for law students in Hong Kong, UK and Canada). We also hold a number of presentations and
attend law fairs in the UK and Australia.
The internship programme is a four-week programme which we will provide a full introduction of
the firm to you. You will also be assigned to sit with the associates which you will be given real legal
task to work on.
We give priority to penultimate-year law students who are on track for a 2:1 degree or equivalent
and are fluent in written and spoken Mandarin and English. We would recruit about 10 students for
each internship programme.
Hong Kong

25
Corporate Associate, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
2008 Summer Intern
2010-2012 Trainee Solicitor
ADRIEN NG
After A-levels it was on to the London School of Economics
to study law.
My idea was always to return to Hong Kong to pursue a
career in commercial law at an international law firm. So I dug
around to find out which of the international firms had the
reputation, the clients and the deals. Freshfields’ name kept
cropping up, and so did two others. I did three internships in
Hong Kong to experience life at each of them.
My decision to pick Freshfields was easy!
It was the working style and atmosphere at Freshfields
during my internship that I enjoyed the most. All the people
I met and worked with were nice. It was the only firm where
I didn’t feel I had to make an effort to please people. There
was a relaxed camaraderie that I liked. And outside work,
the firm offered a number of social events that were well
organised. Nothing was strained; nothing was forced.
I joined the firm as a Hong Kong trainee in August 2010.
Freshfields encourages you to keep an open mind as to
which area of law is right for you. For me, my interest
was always corporate law. I had friends who were joining
financial institutions in Hong Kong as analysts. Their world
was interesting, but I wanted to be involved in the legal
support of major deals. Where was the risk and how could it
be mitigated? How should a deal be structured? And how do
you get it all down on paper?
My six months in London were great!
I joined a team in the corporate practice that focused on
financial regulatory issues. In the wake of the Lehman
collapse, the European Commission issued a directive on
the recovery and resolution of financial institutions. Our job
was to help our client in determining ways to preserve the
important functions in the event of the failure of the bank
and to ensure taxpayers did not bear the losses. I was part
of a big team – six partners and more than 20 associates and
trainees across several practice groups.
We had to learn how every process at the bank worked:
how loans were acquired, how debit and credit cards were
distributed, and how payments were made. My supervisor, a
senior associate, was kind enough to invite me to numerous
meetings with senior management at the bank and
encouraged me to take an active role in asking questions.
We had to analyse any shortcomings, and set out the bank’s
contingency plans. It was fascinating stuff. You needed to
have a ‘big picture’ view as well as a solid grasp of the detail.
It was a huge workload, but everyone was very clear as to
what was needed and their role.
Before the work was finished, my supervisor went on
paternity leave. Rather than allocate his work to another
senior associate, the partner and my supervisor had enough
confidence in me to allow me to take ownership of certain
parts of the project. I knew what still needed to be done
and I worked with the client and colleagues to make sure
it happened. And all the time I had the comfort of knowing
that the supervising partner was happy to answer questions.
If I had any advice to an applicant it would be to
BE YOURSELF!
The interviews are straightforward and the interviewers
really are interested in you and your potential. They want
commercially minded people who will find it easy to fit in
with clients and colleagues. Don’t try to second-guess what
they’re looking for, just be yourself. And do your research.
You know you’ll be asked, ‘why us?’ So it’s silly to come
unprepared. There’s loads of information on websites, blogs
and the legal press, so there’s no excuse for not having done
your research.

28
Clerk at Baker & McKenzie, Hong Kong
Juris Doctor
Q
A
CHARLENE WONG
Q
A
How was the clerkship experience?
It was fantastic! I was fortunate enough to be
allocated to my first preferences, Intellectual
Property and Corporate, which are both
well-known, award-winning practice groups.
More specifically, I have selected Intellectual
Property due to my strong interest in this
area of law. Though I did not have any
previous knowledge in either practices, I was
thankful to have wonderful mentors who had
accommodated me in their busy schedules to
guide me patiently throughout my clerkship.
The people in Baker & McKenzie, from first-
year trainees to even the Chairman of the
Hong Kong office, are all very open and
friendly. They were down-to-earth and willing
to give me valuable advice on not only work
matters, but also on career options. I have
learnt so much from just having a casual chat
with them. Apart from their wisdom, I am
amazed by their humour and outstanding
creativity (especially during Charades at the
Corporate Group Spring Dinner)! The “work
hard, play hard” culture of Baker & McKenzie
lawyers is truly admirable and I definitely
enjoyed being a part of the firm!
What to expect from a clerkship with
Baker & McKenzie?
Theclerkshipisa4-weekprograminwhichyou
will work in 2 practice groups based on your
own preferences. It is important to note that
the clerkship is part of the selection progress
for the traineeship program, therefore, there
will be some formal assessments during your
clerkship.
During your seat rotation, your Partner-
mentor, Associate-mentor and Trainee-buddy
will provide you with guidance. Additionally,
you will receive some work from other
associates if they require your assistance.
Be prepared for a very interesting and
eventful month filled with not only hands-on
experiences on the practical work of a top-tier
international law firm, but also social events
to bond with your trainee-buddies, mentors
and other associates.

29
Q
Q
A
A
My advice on applying for Baker &
McKenzie Hong Kong
If you would like to pursue a career in a
well-established international law firm
with the highest number of award-winning
departmentsinHongKong,Baker&McKenzie
is the one for you.
I believe that Baker & McKenzie values
versatility, thus, you must be confident in all
of your attainments. Academic achievement
is not the only determining factor within your
application; other personal achievements
will also allow you to stand out from the
crowd. However, since this is a clerkship at
the Hong Kong office, it is preferable if you
have basic Chinese language skills. Moreover,
it is better for you to demonstrate your
interest in pursuing a career in Hong Kong
by completing some of the PCLL Conversion
Exams in preparation for the PCLL Course in
Hong Kong.
My future plans
My plan is to obtain my qualifications in both
New South Wales and Hong Kong. Currently,
I have completed 3 PCLL Conversion Exams
and planning to finish off with my remaining
subjects this year before my graduation.
“
”
You must be confident in all of
your attainments. Academic
achievement is not the only
determining factor within your
application; other personal
achievements will also allow
you to stand out from the
crowd.

Clerk at two top tier British firms in Hong Kong
B Com/LLB student (5th year)
Q
A
30
What does being a clerk
in Hong Kong involve?
Work
There isn’t really a typical day for a clerk in
Hong Kong – much of it depends on which
firm and practice group you are in. As a clerk
on the corporate team, I worked on a range
of legal and market research tasks ranging
from issues on trust accounts in Hong Kong
to compilation of a general overview of the
private equity in China. I have also been
involved in different parts of live transactions,
including reviewing and editing parts of
the bidder’s statement and picking out key
covenants within a financing document. In
summary, clerks get a broad array of tasks,
giving a taste of matters and issues that are
tackled by real lawyers.
Training
There is a strong emphasis on training. Both
firms that I clerked at ran many sessions on
how different practice groups work from an
insider’s point of view. Furthermore, we were
given sessions with partners or senior lawyers
who shared their experience in various
landmark deals that they were involved in.
This gave us the opportunity to understand
the inner thinking and difficult issues behind
the glamorous deals that happen on the
financial markets.
Project
Typically, clerks are given a project to work
on in the beginning of the program, and are
expected to present it or submit it near the
end of the program. This may be drafting an
analysis or advising for a mock transaction, or
it may be researching a project on a certain
legal hot topic. Often, the project will have an
emphasis both on legal accuracy and business
awareness. This is a very good opportunity to
gain a practical understanding of issues that
you may tackle in the future as a lawyer and
to practice applying law in the context of real
world business considerations.
Social
Like in Australia, firms in Hong Kong make
a great effort in getting us clerks involved
in the culture of the firm. Activities ranged
from formal firm-wide welcome drinks to
impromptu last minute Friday night floor
drinks. There were also numerous clerk
specific social events – for example, I went
to drum jamming for the first time in my life
whilst doing a clerkship in Hong Kong!
TIM CHIANG

“
Q
Q
Q
A
A
A
31
You’ve clerked for two different
international law firms in Hong
Kong, what were the similarities and
differences?
Seeing as both firms that I clerked at were
British, the culture was not too different
except to say that one had a much larger
office and therefore not everyone knew each
other around the firm. On the other hand,
the other firm that I worked at was much
smaller in headcount and therefore everyone
was more familiar with one another.
Is the Hong Kong clerkship experience
suitable for both people with Chinese
speaking background as well as
people with no Chinese background?
How so?
Although many firms say that they prefer that
you have Chinese language ability, don’t be
discouraged from applying because you do
not (or only have very limited Chinese skills).
Lawyers in Hong Kong come from all over the
world. There are definitely perks in knowing
Chinese in living and working in Hong Kong.
However, the language of communication
within the office is usually English and there
are many who do not understand Cantonese
or Mandarin. Outside the office, Hong Kong
is still a very international city and you will be
able to get around with English easily.
What advice do you have for those
who think they might, one day, want
to clerk at a law firm abroad?
The best way to prepare is similar to how you
would prepare for any other job – ensure
that you have decent grades, get involved in
uni and have relevant work experience.
After doing the ground work, you would need
to show a demonstrated interest in both
the Hong Kong market and the wider Asian
market. This can be done by keeping update
with the news in that region and also being
familiar with how admission as a lawyer
works in Hong Kong.
At the interview stage, on top of behavioural
questions, you should have an idea of the
general hot legal and financial topics around
the world, particularly in Hong Kong and Asia
Pacific. Furthermore, it will also be beneficial
in having a general understanding of what
corporate law firms do and what different
types of transactions entail.
The best way to prepare is
similar to how you would
prepare for any other job –
ensure that you have decent
grades, get involved in uni and
have relevant work experience.

32
Firm Address:
10/F, Alexandra House, 18 Chater
Road, Hong Kong
Contact details:
Graduate Recruitment team
asiarecruitment@linklaters.com /
(852) 2842-4888
Office locations:
29 offices around the world
Europe: Amsterdam, Antwerp, Berlin,
Brussels, Dusseldorf, Frankfurt,
Lisbon, London, Luxembourg,
Madrid, Milan, Moscow, Munich,
Paris, Rome, Stockholm, Warsaw
Asia: Bangkok, Beijing, Hong Kong,
Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Tokyo
Americas: New York, Washington
D.C., Sao Paulo
Middle East: Abu Dhabi, Dubai
Number of lawyers in Hong Kong:
140
Number of partners in Hong Kong:
28
Banking & Projects; Competition;
Corporate (M&A, IPOs, Advisory);
Employment; Financial Markets;
Finance Capital Markets (Equity,
Equity-linked, Debt Structured
Finance); Litigation & Arbitration.
anticipates on accepting:
24 interns in total (12 interns for each
summer scheme in June and July).
2014 summer vacation scheme:
closed
2015 summer vacation scheme: 18
January 2015
Application:
Please complete the online
application form via our website -
http://www.linklaters.com/JoinUs/
locations/HongKong/Pages/Apply.
aspx
ABOUT THE FIRM
Linklaters has been in Hong Kong for over 30 years since 1976. As part of
our Greater China offering, this office (alongside Beijing and Shanghai) is
recognised as having the strongest international offering in the market by
all benchmarking standards.
While many law firms are strong in some areas, Linklaters is the only
firm with market leading global teams across the full range of corporate,
finance and commercial practice areas; with 19 market-leading practices
across our global network of 29 offices. One of the most prestigious teams
in the legal world, our success is testimony to the strong relationships we
forge – both internally and externally. Together we are working to fulfil
our ambition of becoming the leading premium global law firm.
Our office is reflective of an incredibly varied legal landscape. On the one
hand there’s the established marketplace, with the world’s leading law
firms engaging in deals very similar to London and New York. On the other
hand, there’s a very fast, evolving marketplace, with many firms using
Hong Kong as a springboard into China and elsewhere in Asia. This means
excellent opportunities for lawyers and other professionals from all over
the world, including China.
In Australia, we operate an alliance with Allens and together have an
association with Widyawen & Partners in Indonesia. Our relationship in
South Africa with Webber Wentzel complements and strengthens our
pan-African offering.
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
There are three main career milestones at Linklaters:
Associate
Once you qualify, you will join one of the areas you worked in as a trainee. Most people
are offered their first choice of practice area. There are incredible career opportunities in
every area, so you can be confident in choosing the one that is more interesting to you.
Managing Associate (MA)
Four years after qualification, you will be eligible for promotion to managing associate.
At this point you will become more engaged in the business, solving more difficult legal
issues, leading teams, and accounting for financial performance.
Partner
After two or more years as an MA, the exceptional performers may be considered for
election to the partnership. Partners are acknowledged world-class experts in their fields.
Linklaters
Hong Kong

33
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES
The Linklaters Law & Business School is an entirely new framework for career-long continuous
professional development. We’ve created a holistic syllabus that blends business skills with
technical knowledge to give people a mix of expertise.
The Linklaters Law & Business School draws on the experience of clients, colleagues, and our global
advisory board of business leaders and academics. The syllabus has been designed in partnership
with some of the world’s most prestigious institutions, including the University of Law, HEC Paris
and Harvard Law School.
We’ll give you the knowledge and confidence to serve our clients at the very highest levels, along
with the tools to achieve your own career objectives.
The size and success of Linklaters means we can offer an unrivalled choice and flexibility in your
career development. We want you to fulfil your full potential, exploring the learning opportunities
that interest you, and building your career by excelling in the areas of law that you most enjoy.
CLERKSHIP INFORMATION
SELECTION PROCESS
Summer vacation scheme
1. Phone interview with graduate recruitment team
2. Online critical reasoning test & Managing associates interview
3. Offer of vacation scheme if successful
Training contract
1. Phone interview with graduate recruitment team
2. Online critical reasoning test & Managing associates interview
3. Stimulation exercise
4. Training contract interview with Partner
5. Offer of Training contract if successful

34
KIND OF RESPONSIBILITY A CLERK CAN EXPECT
Ourfourweeksummerschemesaredesignedforpenultimateorfinalyear(lawornon-law)students
who are keen to have a career in Hong Kong. You may also apply for a two week secondment to
our Shanghai office as part of the scheme.
Wehaveworkedhardtodesignavacationschemethatsuccessfullycombinesreallifeexperiencein
our practice areas with workshops and seminars dedicated to your professional development. The
selection process is tough, but that is because our vacation schemes form part of your professional
learning curve, rather than an extended interview. After your induction, the hands-on part of the
scheme will see you working alongside experienced lawyers in two different practice areas, doing
the same kind of work as our trainees. In addition, there is a range of professional development
sessions, designed to give you a broader understanding of our global business strategy and
practice areas, as well as the opportunity to develop your skills in areas such as business analysis,
mediation and pitching to a client.
Throughout your time with us, you will have access to experienced lawyers and trainees who will
be available to support you, answer your questions and offer constructive advice and feedback. In
each department you experience, you will have a trainee ‘buddy’, who is on hand to integrate you
into the team and discuss any questions you might have. You will also have an associate ‘principal’
to reflect the type of supervision afforded to our trainees.
There will also be the opportunity to get to know the firm in more informal settings, including
a range of social events, which are often a highlight! These provide further opportunities to get
to know our people, as well as the other vacation scheme students, who may be your future
colleagues.
Afterattendingthevacationscheme,youwillautomaticallybeofferedtheopportunity tointerview
for a training contract. The process for this is a final interview with a partner.

36
Summer Clerk at Linklaters in Hong Kong, 2013
Bachelor of B Com/LLB (2014)
The University of Sydney
The Linklaters Experience
A vacation scheme at Linklaters truly
allows you to gain an insight into what
it takes to be a great lawyer at a Magic
Circle firm. During the four weeks,
summer clerks are offered two rotations
(options include Corporate, Banking and
Projects, Financial Regulatory, Capital
Markets, Litigation and Employment)
as well as the option of spending one
of the rotations in the firm’s Shanghai
office. I chose Litigation and Capital
Markets, and found myself doing hands-
on work from day 1 such as researching
case law and legislation, attending
hearings, drafting client memos as well
as contributing to the firm’s enormous
knowhowdatabase.Arealeffortwasput
into ensuring that clerks got the most
out of the four weeks – my ‘buddies’ and
principals made sure I gained exposure
to a variety of interesting work and
were always readily available to offer
assistance and answer any questions.
Sittinginthesameofficeasanestablished
Associate or Partner, who are leaders in
their field, also offered an incomparable
opportunity to learn first-hand. It was
an invaluable learning experience
listening in on conference calls and
observing their interactions with clients.
At the same time, the collegiality and
approachability at all levels of the
firm also left a lasting impression – I
will never forget my casual chat about
childhood dreams and life philosophies
with one of the most senior partners in
the Litigation team!
MAVIS SUN

37
Directly related to this is the firm’s top-
of-the-field training and development
programs. Linklaters is unique in the
industry with its very own Law &
Business School. During the summer,
this consisted of regular lunchtime
seminars on legal developments and
updates on matters the firm is advising
on – we, as summer clerks, were always
invited to attend these (and tried to
understand what was going on as
best as we could!). Also as part of the
vacation scheme, a series of practice
group presentations and general skills
seminarswereorganisedforus.Training
was definitely one of the most valuable
aspects of the summer.
Outside the office
Of course, let’s not forget the social
calendar. Apart from weekly Friday
drinks and numerous coffees and
lunches with Associates and Partners,
clerks always benefit from other firm-
wide social activities, which for us
included a night at the Happy Valley
races, a drum jamming class, and
a memorable Saturday spent with
children from a local orphanage.
“
”
A real effort was put into
ensuring that clerks got the
most out of the four weeks
– my principals made sure I
gained exposure to a variety
of interesting work and were
always readily available to
offer assistance and answer
any questions.

Doing Your Own
Research
CHAMBERS HONG KONG STUDENT
• Independent reviews on life as a trainee at leading
Hong Kong law firms from anonymous trainees who
speak freely about what working at their respective
firms was really like
• How to get started as a Hong Kong lawyer.
• Expert advice from leading lawyers, recruitment
teams and local law schools on how to get hired at
the right place.
LINK: http://www.chambersstudent.com.hk
39

41
Becoming a Solicitor in the United Kingdom
PRACTISING LAW IN THE UK -
THE STEPS
If you have a law degree from an overseas institution,
you can apply to the SRA for a Certificate of Academic
Standing. This will qualify you to apply for entry
into the Legal Practice Course (LPC) (if you want to
become a solicitor) or the Bar Professional Training
Course (BPTC) if you want to be a barrister.
Legal Practice Course:
LPC is not an academic course – it’s vocational and
requires good time management, organisation and
preparation.Therearemanyproviderssolookaround.
Bar Professional Training Course:
The Full-time course lasts for a year while the part-
time option is spread over two.
The training Contract:
You must complete this training with a law firm for
two years. Most training contracts are taken on a full-
time basis and last two years.
What types of firms recruit our students?
Major UK firms, in particular, the Magic Circle firms,
actively recruit students from overseas.
BECOMING A SOLICITOR IN THE
UNITED KINGDOM
You must be willing to undertake further training and
study if you wish to become an accredited solicitor in
the UK. As a law graduate, training will take at least
three years. This includes studying for and passing
further exams beyond law school. The Solicitors
Regulation Board oversees the requirements of
becoming a solicitor, known in the UK as being
admitted to the roll of solicitors.
As a law graduate, there are four components to
being admitted to the role of solicitors in the UK:
• A Law Degree (LLB or JD) – including successful
completion of Contract, Restitution, Torts, Criminal
Law, Equity and Trusts, Property Law, Public Law,
Constitutional Law, and Administrative Law
• Legal Practice Course (LPC) (1 year) – similar to
Australia’s College of Law
•Practice-based training contract incorporating
Professional Skills Course (2 years full time)
• Admission to the roll of solicitors
You may apply for the LPC either directly to a college
or university that offers such a course of through the
LPC Central Applications Board.
As an overseas applicant, there is an alternative
pathway to becoming an accredited solicitor that
avoids the difficulties of using Australian University
law courses to satisfy UK requirements (for example,
European Union Law, one of the requirements, is not
taught here at UNSW).
Thisalternativepathwayinvolvesbecomingaccredited
in Australia through the College of Law, applying for a
Certificate of Eligibility from UK’s Solicitors Regulation
Authority, applying for the Qualified Lawyers Transfer
Scheme, and thereby becoming a qualified lawyer of
England and Wales.
To find out more about becoming a qualified
solicitor in the United Kingdom, please contact the
Solicitors Regulation Authority, which oversees the
requirements for admissions.
http://www.sra.org.uk/
Also, the Law Society of UK offers support for those
working towards becoming a qualified solicitor or
other legal professional in the United Kingdom.
http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/

42
BECOMING A BARRISTER IN
THE UNITED KINGDOM
The first part of becoming a barrister in the UK
is satisfying academic requirements. This means
a law degree, LLB or JD, followed by a Graduate
Diploma in Law. Questions of transfer eligibility of
Australian degrees to satisfy LLB/JD requirements
shouldbedirectedtotheBarristerStandardsBoard
(BSB). While LLB/JD and GDL are prerequisites for
moving onto the next stage—vocational stage—
they do not guarantee admission.
The second stage of training to become a barrister
is the vocational stage. This takes the form of the
Bar Professional Training Course (BPTC), which
can either be taken over one year full time or two
years part time; the latter of which allows time for
students to carry out paid work and gain useful
legal experience.
Prospective barristers must also pass the Bar
Course Aptitude Test:
https://www.barprofessionaltraining.org.uk/s4/
oa/candidates/start.asp
The final stage of training to become a barrister is
a one-year pupillage. This is usually undertaken in
a set of barristers’ chambers, although it can also
be undertaken with certain other organisations.
Being a pupil is similar to being an apprentice
when you will gain practical training under
the supervision of an experienced barrister or
barristers. At the end of the year you will be a fully
qualified barrister.  Pupillage is divided into two
parts: the “first six” which is a non-practising six
months and the “second six” which is a practising
six months.
During the first six, pupils generally shadow their
pupil supervisor, do legal research, draft opinions
and other court documents, read their pupil
supervisor’s paperwork and observe
him or her in conferences and in court. During the
second six, pupils can take on some work of their
own, under supervision.
For more information visit this website:
http://www.barcouncil.org.uk/becoming-a-
barrister/how-to-become-a-barrister/
Doing Your Own
Research
CHAMBERS STUDENT UK
There are thousands of interviews with trainees,
pupils and market sources, as well as interesting
and informative articles. This website is for anyone
considering a law career in the UK. There is also a
newsletter which you can sign up to for free.
LINK: http://www.chambersstudent.co.uk/
Becoming a Barrister in the United Kingdom

44
Firm Address:
One Silk Street, London EC2Y 8HQ
Contact details:
Graduate Recruitment
0044 207 456 2000
Graduate.recruitment@linklaters.com
For more information on Linklaters
and graduate opportunities, please
visit www.linklaters.com/ukgrads
Office locations:
Linklaters has offices in 29 cities
around the world. In May 2012, we
entered into a strategic alliance with
international law firm, Allens, which
enables us to work closely together
to provide advice through our global
network of 40 offices across 29
countries, including to emerging
markets in Africa, Asia and South
America.
Number of lawyers and partners in
the firm:
We have around 2,600 lawyers,
including around 460 partners.
Corporate: Competition, Corporate
/ M&A, Employment & Incentives,
Environment & Climate Change,
Pensions
Finance & Projects: Banking, Capital
Markets, Financial Regulation,
Projects, Restructuring & Insolvency,
Investment Management
Commercial: Intellectual Property,
Litigation & Arbitration, Real Estate,
Planning & Construction, Tax
Technology, Media &
Telecommunications, Trusts
ABOUT THE FIRM
What is the history/background of the firm?
Linklaters can trace its roots back to 1838 - and we have been a leading
firm in the City of London pretty much ever since. In the 1970s we started
to develop a network of overseas offices on the back of the markets’ use
of English law and the English language on international financings.
Today, we’re leaders in Europe and Asia and have a very strong presence
across Eastern Europe and the Middle East. We are also one of the few
international firms able to advise on Japanese law. In 2012 we formed
an integrated alliance with Allens to enable our two firms to collaborate
closely for the benefit of clients around the world.
What is an interesting case that the firm is currently working on?
As we’re strong across a range of practice areas, you don’t need to look
very far to find interesting matters on which our lawyers are working.
For example, Linklaters has recently been appointed by HM Treasury
to advise on the highly anticipated first issue of Sukuk on behalf of the
United Kingdom.
What is the typical progression of a lawyer in the firm?
The training contract is built around six-month ‘seats’ in four different
practice areas – often including a seat in one of our international offices
or on a client secondment. During your training contract, you will take the
Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme (QLTS), so that you can be admitted
as a solicitor in England and Wales. This means you will be dual-English
and Australian law qualified. Once qualified, there is a clear career path
for progression within the firm, up to partner level.
What professional development opportunities does the firm offer?
There is a real emphasis on continued learning and development at
Linklaters, beginning with a trainee’s first day at the firm and continuing
all the way through to partnership. Each practice has specific training
designed to suit your needs which will include a mixture of formal training
courses, eLearning, on the job supervision and the feedback you receive
every day.
Linklaters
United Kingdom

45
anticipates on accepting: 10
29th May, 2014
Application:
Applications begin with an online
application form. Our applications
for the 2014 clerkship close on 9
May 2014. Applications for the 2015
clerkship will open in March next
year.
What should be included in a
student’s application?
Our application forms make it easy for
youtoletusknowtheinformationwe’re
looking for, including qualifications
and academic achievements, extra
curricular activities, work experience
and why you’re interested in a career
in commercial law.
Our business is all about exceptional
people, so we want the best and the
brightest to find and fulfil their true
potential at Linklaters. We recruit
a diverse mix of the most talented
graduates from a wide range of
universities and backgrounds.
We have also developed the Linklaters Law & Business School, which
is an entirely new framework for career-long continuous professional
development. Through the Linklaters Law & Business School, we have
integrated business skills and technical knowledge in one holistic syllabus
that gives people the mix of expertise they need to thrive in a changing
world. There are also opportunities for development aligned to the various
practice groups, for example the chance to become a solicitor-advocate or
to take a professional qualification in relation to intellectual property law.
Why work with this firm?
Linklaters is one of the world’s most prestigious law firms: a global network
of exceptional lawyers working and learning from one another to fulfil our
ambition of becoming the leading global law firm. Linklaters is the only
law firm to have market-leading global teams across corporate, finance
and commercial practice areas. Our culture of innovation, teamwork
and entrepreneurship means that we have built strong relationships
with our clients advising them on their most important and challenging
transactions. Linklaters has 19 practices across 29 cities worldwide, giving
you truly global exposure on a daily basis. Trainees have the opportunity
to be seconded to our international offices or to the offices of one of our
clients, providing first hand experience of this global dimension. We have
high expectations and recruit talented, motivated graduates who expect
a lot from themselves. In return, we offer you global opportunities, world-
class training and incredible rewards.
Clerkship information
What is the application process like for clerks?
The process begins with an online application form, available on
the website (http://www.linklatersgraduates.co.uk/apply-now). The
graduate recruitment team reads each application form individually
and, if progressed to the next stage, you will be invited to take an online
critical thinking test. Successful candidates will be invited to interviews in
Australia in June 2014.
After being a clerk, what are the prospects of becoming a graduate?
Each clerk is entitled to a final interview for a training contract at the end
of the clerkship. In each of the last two years 100% of the clerks were
offered training contracts with Linklaters at the end of the scheme. We
provide assistance for the next steps in the process after an offer, including
relocation to the UK.

Q
A
Q
A
How did you hear about the
international clerkship?
I heard about the opportunity through previous
participants in the program. However Linklaters
alsoholdsaninformationsessionsinMarchwith
its alliance partner, Allens, and usually emails
with information are distributed to students via
their student email accounts. Linklaters also has
information on its website about the Australian
program.
See: http://www.linklatersgraduates.co.uk/our-
schemes/australian-clerkships
What is the application process like?
The application process is fairly rigorous.
However it is an excellent opportunity to
challenge yourself and take part in a more
intensive interview process, similar to what
London graduates experience.
The first step involved submitting an online
application, in which you entered basic
information, including your marks at university,
and answered a couple of questions about why
you want to work at Linklaters etc.
After making it past the initial application stage,
we were asked to do an online Watson Glaser
test. This is a critical thinking test and was timed.
If successful in the two stages above, we were
then invited to interview. Two recruitment
partners and a member of graduate recruitment
cameoutfromLondontoSydneyandMelbourne
to conduct interviews.
The first element of the interview involved a
two hour ‘work simulation exercise’. This was
an activity where we had a laptop and via an
online portal, were given an email account
containing documents. After having some time
to become familiar with the documents, we
received hypothetical emails every few minutes
to respond to, based on the information in the
documents.
Following this, we had a short break and then
re-sat the Watson Glaser critical thinking test.
After lunch had two separate interviews. One
was a ‘legal’ interview with a partner, which
tested our legal and commercial knowledge of
the factual scenario we were given in the work
simulation activity. The second interview was an
interview with the other partner or the human
resources representative, where we were asked
behavioural style questions, as well as about
our interest in the firm and working in London.
Linklaters London Vacation Scheme - November-December 2012
In 2013 Laura graduated from UNSW
with a Bachelor of Law and Economics
46
Useful Link
LAURA FERRARO

Q
Q
Q
A
A
A
“Be on the lookout for information
from Linklaters early on in the year,
as this application and interview
process is done and dusted before
any of the Australian law firms
commence their recruitment for
summer clerkships
Did you notice anything different
whilst working overseas?
The work hours in London are slightly
different. Most people start at 9:30am, and
don’t leave work until about 7pm. This is
generally a later start and finish time than in
Australia.
The culture was in many ways similar to the
culture in Australian law firms. However
I would say it was possibly more serious
culture and in certain areas I wondered
whether there might be less interaction
between people of different levels. Everyone
was lovely and went to a lot of effort to make
you feel welcome.
IalsonoticedthatthereweremanyAustralians
working at Linklaters London already, and
never a shortage of Aussie accents around
the office!
What’s something interesting you
worked on at Linklaters?
While in the competition team I did some
work with the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS),
which involved drafting some provisions in an
agreement, and considering the application
of those provisions within the wider context
of EU competition law. I also got to attend
some client meetings at RBS which was a
great experience.
Any tips for UNSW students looking to
apply?
Watch out for timing! Be on the lookout
for information from Linklaters early on in
the year, as this application and interview
process is done and dusted before any
of the Australian law firms commence
their recruitment for summer clerkships.
Information sessions about the program take
place in March, and require registration.
Be prepared for the challenges of the
application and interview process. It is quite
different to what you would go through if you
applied for summer clerkships in Australia.
This means having some idea about the
firm, the economic climate in Europe and
especially London, and why you want to
pursue a career in corporate law in London.
Remember that this clerkship runs from mid-
November to mid-December, so it doesn’t
hurt to apply for some Australian summer
clerkships, as some firms are flexible and
will allow you to take part in an Australian
clerkship in January.
47

Clerk at Linklaters in London
B Com/LLB student (5th year)
Q
A
Q
A
BERNARD LUNG
Q
A
“
”
The application is very straightforward and almost
identical to the training contract application that UK
students apply for.
48
From the joint Allens and Linklaters
presentations held in March last year, and
again on 17 March this year.
The application is very straightforward and
almost identical to the training contract
application that UK students apply for. The
first stage consists of several questions
accompanied with your academic transcript
and CV. Applicants will also need to achieve
a passing score in the Watson-Glaser critical
thinking test. The final stage is an assessment
centre day held at Allens. At this stage, there
is an e-tray assessment, a repeat of the
Watson-Glaser test, and two one-on-one
interviews.
The one difference that is immediately
noticeable is the kind of clients that come
to Linklaters (and the other English firms).
Linklaters’ clientele consists of massive
European and American clients, who produce
some challenging and interesting work for
the firm.
BERNARD LUNG

49
Q Q
A A
“
”
Don’t be put off by the long
application process. The
clerkship at Linklaters is
probably the best opportunity
to begin your legal career in
London.
I ‘worked’ incredibly hard constructing a
magnificent gingerbread house as part of
a Linklaters clerkship event held in Silks,
Linklaters’ very own food court. The beauty
of this gingerbread house lies in its symbolism
rather than its construction. Unfortunately, it
narrowlymissedoutonthe‘BestGingerbread
House’ Award.
Any tips for UNSW students looking to
apply?
Don’t be put off by the long application
process. The clerkship at Linklaters is
probably the best opportunity to begin your
legal career in London.
The firm is looking for the usual qualities in
a law student. There is no strict mark cut-off.
Successful applicants generally have a keen
interest in working overseas. The clerks every
year are incredibly diverse, so just be yourself
and do your best.
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,Iwouldrecommend
you contact the very helpful recruitment
team at Linklaters, who will be presenting at
Allens Sydney Office on 17 March this year.

50
Clerk at Linklaters in London
BA/LLB student
University of Sydney
Q
A
Q
A
Linklaters runs clerkship presentation events
at a number of Sydney’s universities, and this
is generally how students hear about it. My
path to the clerkship was a little different:
more the product of mid-semester exam
procrastination than anything else. I wanted to
find an alternative to Australian clerkships and
Linklaters’ clerkship in London seemed ideal.
The selection process is pretty challenging, but
thankfully most of the hard work is confined to
the assessment day.
The process begins with an online application,
which requires you to think about what you
offer Linklaters, why you want to work as
a commercial lawyer in London and why
Linklaters in particular appeals to you.
Progressing to the next stage of the process,
selected applicants undertake an online critical
thinking test, known as the Watson Glaser
test. It’s kind of like a big kids’ NAPLAN test: it
tests your ability to evaluate arguments and to
identify conclusions that logically follow from
these arguments. Linklaters offers a number of
practice questions on its website
http://www.linklatersgraduates.co.uk/
application-process/critical-thinking-test
as do a number of other sites.
The process culminates in the assessment day,
afulldayinwhichapplicantsprogressthrougha
work simulation and written exercise followed
by two one-on-one interviews – an interview
with a member of the firm’s Human Resources
team,andonewithapartner.The‘HRinterview’
is largely competency based, focussing on your
application and your commercial awareness
(think along the lines of ‘why Linklaters?’, ‘why
law?’), but be aware that a couple curve ball
questions could come your way.
The partner interview is a little tougher. It
centres on a presentation of what you wrote
in your work simulation and will require some
base legal knowledge. Be prepared for the
partner to probe you in relation to legal and
commercial issues that you did not pick up,
and don’t be afraid to admit the limitations of
your knowledge.
Useful Link
ADEN KNAAP

Q
Q
A
A
A
Q
“
”
What Linklaters is looking for
is pretty obvious: foundational
legal knowledge, sound
commercial awareness, a firm
commitment to pursuing a
career in commercial law and
aninterestinmovingtoLondon.
Be ready to project that.
“
”
Perhaps the greatest virtue
of the Linklaters’ clerkship
is its ability to engage clerks
regardless of their past legal
experience.
51
Given the clerkship is located in Linklaters’
London office, the culture or work ethic is
broadly similar with that of Australia. That
said, you may be confronted by some minor
cultural differences: for example, don’t be
surprised if one of the librarians looks/sounds
like/is Gareth from ‘The Office’.
After four years as a paralegal in Sydney, I had
prepared myself for a month of photocopying
with maybe a bit of bulldog clipping if I was
lucky. But the work I did at Linklaters was
consistently engaging, and the firm really try
to give you exposure to a whole cross-section
of their work.
Perhaps the greatest virtue of the Linklaters’
clerkshipisitsabilitytoengageclerksregardless
of their past legal experience. As a lowly
Arts student, with a poor grasp on personal
finance, let alone macro financial issues, I was
initially hesitant about undertaking a rotation
with the Banking team. However, guided by
some incredibly helpful colleagues (as well
as investopedia), I found myself glued to
newspaper reports on the changing regulatory
environment for UK banks.
Any tips for UNSW students
looking to apply?
What Linklaters is looking for is pretty
obvious: foundational legal knowledge, sound
commercial awareness, a firm commitment
to pursuing a career in commercial law and
an interest in moving to London. Be ready to
project that. And make sure you don’t address
your cover letter to a different firm.

53
What made you choose to work in Switzerland?
I was offered a position related to my area of legal
specialisation (aviation and space law), following
graduation from my master’s programme (LLM) in
Canada (McGill University).
How did you get to work with your company?
In terms of current employer (of 24 years), I
was previously working in Geneva for a non-
governmental organisation specifically on a report
commissioned by the Dutch Government which
involved research and enquiries/interviewing
of representatives from the aviation insurance
market. During the (report related) interviews I was
asked – given my legal background - whether I had
considered working in insurance and reinsurance
(I had not) but subsequently received offers from
several Swiss insurers and reinsurers who were
looking for professionally educated candidates at
the time – although there was no requirement for
prior experience in the insurance markets.
How does working in Switzerland compare to
working in Australia? What are some work
culture differences that you have perceived?
Switzerland – and my employer Swiss Reinsurance
Company - provides a truly international working
environment. There are experts from every
conceivable area of business/science/technology
and nationals from more than 80 countries. I find
theSwiss attitude very progressive, open and liberal
generally and they invest heavily in their employees
in terms of continuing education and training.
I did not gain the same sense of “employee
investment” in terms of Australian employers –
specially the law firms I had worked with prior to
leaving Australia for graduate studies in Canada. I
assume that attitude has changed.
How can you best prepare as a student at UNSW in
order to work in Switzerland?
Maintain a global outlook which is reflected in your
areas of optional law courses and pursue areas of
law which are really of interest to you.
Specialisation can be risky but the rewards are
great if you are passionate about the areas of law
that interest you. Do not, however, expect to plan
your career with certainty and expect setbacks and
interesting diversions “en route”.
The excellent standard of teaching and education
generally at UNSW - in my experience - will provide
a solid foundation for further post/graduate studies
and a satisfying career. I have and continue to rely
upon those foundations on an almost daily basis.
The study of languages can also be of assistance in
terms of preparation.
Country of residence: Switzerland
B Comm/LLB, 1975-79
Senior claims expert/in-house counsel & director
responsible for aviation and space related insurance and reinsurance claims
PHILIP CHRYSTAL
Working in Switzerland

54
Country of residence: Budapest, Hungary
General Counsel, Head of Compliance & Human Resources,
HBO Europe
GORDON FINLAYSON
What made you choose to work in Hungary?
Shortly after qualifying I moved to London where I lived for
five years, working and completing my masters at UCL and
qualifying as an English solicitor. I then moved to Dubai
where I was the general counsel of a pan-regional pay
television operator called OSN. When the role as HBO’s
European legal head came up, I jumped at the opportunity
of living in Budapest. HBO has been broadcasting out
of here for twenty years and it’s a great role in a really
interesting part of the world. The scope of my current
role includes a large number of countries across Europe,
so while our Headquarters is based in Budapest I am
responsible for managing the legal function and staff
across a number of offices throughout Europe.
How does the legal system in Hungary differ to that in
Australia?
HBO broadcasts and/or produces content in 19 countries
across Europe, all of which have civil law systems. The
complexity and extent of regulation by the European
Union overlaying the domestic legal systems across Europe
make it a complex and challenging market to practice as a
lawyer. My work includes business development outside
of the European Union which can be very challenging from
a commercial and cultural point of view.
What are the admission requirements for
Hungary?
I am a practising English solicitor and am not
registered with the bar in Hungary.
How does working in Hungary compare to working in
Australia? What are some work culture differences
that you have perceived?
Working in a multinational business operating in a pan-
regionalbusinesshasmanychallenges,thereisasignificant
variance to the approach of particular countries to the
rule of law, each country has its own particular variations,
so it would be difficult to generalise about work cultures.
One primary challenge is working with a large number of
counsel from different native language backgrounds, it’s
important to spend sufficient time with your local counsel
in order to correctly understand their advice as the key
points can often get lost in translation.
How can you best prepare as a student at UNSW in
order to work in your country?
For those UNSW graduates aspiring to work in Europe, it’s
very important to gain a solid grounding in the law and
preferably some international experience in Australia
before thinking about your move overseas.
Once you make the move it is very valuable to undertake
some post-graduate study, such as an LLM programme, in
Europe in order to bolster your experience in this market.
When I first moved to London I undertook the LLM
programme at University College London and qualified
as a lawyer in England and Wales, both which have
proven invaluable (in addition to my LLB from UNSW)
in demonstrating my local knowledge and value as an
employee to potential employers. In order to practice in
Europe its essential to have a solid understanding of the
functioning and structure of the governing institutions,
competition authorities and courts of the European Union
and European Economic Area.
Working in Hungary

55
What made you choose to work in Germany?
I am German, have studied and am admitted to
the bar in Germany. The LL.M at UNSW was a
post-graduate degree to give me insight into
another legal system.
How does the legal system in Germany differ
to that in Australia?
Germany is a civil law country. The civil law
system involves applying general stipulations
to individual cases and taking into account
applicable jurisprudence. Whereas in the
common law system the legal principles are
mainly based on case law, the civil system is
basedonwrittencodes.Itisalwaysquitedifficult
to understand and to get used to the respective
other system.
What are the admission requirements in
Germany?
To be admitted to the bar in Germany, the first
and second state exam is required. There is a
specialadmissionprocedureforforeignlawyers,
depending on the qualifications of their home
country.
How does working in Germany compare to
working in Australia? What are some work
culture differences that you have perceived?
As I have never worked but only studied in
Australia, I cannot tell the differences. I assume
that it depends where you work, both in
Germany and in Australia, and Australia may be
a bit less formal.
How can you best prepare as a student at
UNSW in order to work in Germany?
As a student, you should learn the German
language. If you are working in law firms with
international clients, most of the work is in
English. However, to be able to participate in
the daily life, knowing the German language
is a must. Additionally, you should familiarize
with the German legal system (civil law system)
as it differs strongly from the Australian legal
system.
Country of residence: Germany
LL.M. (International Business and Economic Law) 2009,
Senior Associate at Raupach & Wollert-Elmendorff
Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH – Deloitte Legal
JULIA DOLLESCHEL
Working in Germany

Eligibility to take the Bar Examination
57
ELIGIBILITY TO TAKE THE BAR EXAMINATION IN THE US:
FOREIGN LAW SCHOOL GRADUATES

Eligibility to take the Bar Examination
58

59
Doing Your Own
Research
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
INTERNATIONAL LAW
http://www.asil.org/
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION
www.americanbar.org
CALIFORNIA BAR WEBSITE
www.calbar.ca.gov
NEW YORK BAR WEBSITE
https://www.nysba.org/

60
International Public Interest
Careers

61
Public Interest Director,
UNSW Law Society
BA/LLB (3rd year)
A message from
The Public Interest Director
OLIVER MOORE
What is public interest law?
International public interest law provides a
range of opportunities for students, working
internationally to work in the public interest. The
field encompasses a wide range of positions in
organisations including NGOs, the United Nations
and overseas Government positions. Students
passionate about issues such as human rights,
the environment and humanitarian law can find
a fulfilling career path in international public
interest law. In the age of globalisation, there is a
growing demand for talented individuals to work
in the rapidly expanding legal field of international
law. Those who pursue careers in public interest
law often say that the most satisfying part is being
able to advance a cause they truly believe in..
Where does it take me?
The most exciting part about international public
interest law is that it can take you anywhere in
the world. Unlike other opportunities found in
commercial law firms, the jobs in public interest
law are not necessarily limited to centres of
commerce. Organisations with global reach such as
the United Nations need legal professionals at all
levels of operation. UNSW Alumni interviewed for
the Careers Guide have gone to the Netherlands,
New York, Common locations for those working
in the field include the geographic centres of
international law, such as The Hague in the
Netherlands and the UN Headquarters in Geneva
and New York, whilst NGOs provide opportunities
to travel and engage with cultures worldwide. The
positions listed in this guide range from Ghana,
Malaysia and Brazil. from prestigious law firms,
or stellar graduates of elite law schools that have
completed a judicial clerkship at a Federal Appeals
Court or the Supreme Court.

62
Lucas Lixinski is a Lecturer at UNSW Law,
having spent his professional life working
in International Human Rights Law. Lucas
holds a PhD in Law from the European
University Institute. He gives some key
advice for students wanting a career in
international public interest law.
How do I get there?
Internships
According to Lucas, it is standard for the industry
to complete 2 or 3 unpaid internships before
continuing on to paid work. This requires
dedication, a commitment to saving and a passion
for the work. However, Lucas advises that the first
jobs may not live up to a student’s glamorous
expectations of work in the industry. Nonetheless,
just because it is not glamorous does not mean
that it is not important. Often the work done
by interns is vital to the day-to-day functioning
of organisations, particularly NGOs. Lucas also
emphasises that with time, the labour of love
required in internships will pay off, and secure
employment can be achieved with hard work.
Students should remain open to anything, and be
realistic. Sometimes a student wanting to work in
the ICC may not achieve an internship straight up,
but there are plenty of smaller NGOs that act as
observers that give valuable experience to interns.
Applying for jobs
The positions you apply for should genuinely
reflect your interests and career aspirations. It is
difficult to tell what a person is truly passionate
about merely from an application.
Therefore,Lucasstatesthatitisimportantthatyour
academic transcript demonstrates your knowledge
and awareness for the area of law that you are
applying for. Consequently, students interested in
public interest law should pick the electives that
reflect this, and the knowledge gained is highly
valued by international organisations.
Further study
InmanycountriesinEurope,post-graduatedegrees
are relatively common, and a Masters degree can
assist greatly later in your career. However, for
many positions, an LLB is sufficient, particularly if
electives have been taken in the relevant subject
area. Additionally, professional experience can
supplant the need for a Masters degree, and career
progress is possible without returning to study.
If you want to pursue further academic study,
there are many incredible courses worldwide to
consider, and seeking study at universities well
known for a focus on international law is looked
upon favourably.
LUCAS LIXINSKI

Here are some of the main pathways to practicing law in the United States:- JD Degree: Complete a 3-year Juris Doctor (JD) degree at an ABA-accredited law school in the US. This is the standard pathway to becoming a licensed attorney. - Transferring a Foreign Law Degree: Some states allow foreign-trained lawyers to sit for the bar exam after completing an LLM degree from an ABA-approved law school and sometimes additional requirements. - Clerkships: Gaining experience through federal or state court clerkships can open doors for foreign-trained lawyers. - In-House Counsel: Some multinational companies may hire foreign lawyers as in-house counsel without a US law license

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