A. Scharnhorst, R. Smiraglia, C. Gueret, A. Salah (2015) Knowledge maps for libraries and archives - uses and use cases. International UDC Seminar "Classification & Authority Control: Expanding Resource Discovery” , The National Library of Portugal in Lisbon, 29-30 October 2015.

1. Knowledge maps for libraries and archives - uses
and use cases
International UDC Seminar "Classification & Authority Control: Expanding
Resource Discovery” , The National Library of Portugal in Lisbon, 29-30
October 2015.
Andrea Scharnhorst, eHumanities DANS/KNAW (Netherlands)
Richard P. Smiraglia, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (USA)
Christophe Guéret, eHumanities DANS/KNAW (Netherlands)
Alkim Almila Akdag Salah, eHumanities DANS/KNAW (Netherlands)

2. Our team – “science located”

3. Functions of Knowledge Maps
Raising awareness
Being used as reference system and for navigation
Being used in the process of data curation and
management
Being used as heuristic device in research

4. Raising awareness
http://mtchl.net/tag/generousinterfaces/
http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/showcase/discover-
the-queenslander#/grid
http://www.drasticdata.nl/ProjectDANSEasy/index.htm

5. Reference system
and navigationsteentijd
venlo
opgraving
raaprapport
breda
analectapraehistoricaleidensia
archeologie
archaeology
mandemakers
voc
vlaardingen
maastricht
valkenburg
cuijk
wijchen
arc
vestigia
grontmij
synthegra
baac
raap
adc
archeomedia
oranjewoud
tiel
rob
ram
analecta
archol
zar
nijmegen
bureauonderzoek
elst
deventer
zutphen
leiden
haarlem
mobiliteitsonderzoeknederland
mobiliteit
mobiliteitsonderzoek
ovin
mon
woononderzoek
woon2006
woon2009
woon
woon2012
amsterdam
volkstelling
nationaalkiezersonderzoek
nko2006
nko
nko2010
icvs
wur
tweedewereldoorlog
kadaster
hbomonitor
cool
kwaliteitskaart
onderwijs
scp
ebb
cbs
cbsbmb
pols
nells
cultureleveranderingen
socon
tbo
avo
8 10 12 14 16 18 20
proximity
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
synthegra
baac
raap
adc
archeomedia
oranjewoud
tiel
rob
ram
analecta
archol
zar
nijmegen
bureauonderzoek
elst
deventer
zutphen
leiden
haarlem
mobiliteitsonderzoeknederland
mobiliteit
mobiliteitsonderzoek
ovin
mon
woononderzoek
woon2006
woon2009
woon
woon2012
amsterdam
volkstelling
nationaalkiezersonderzoek
nko2006
nko
nko2010
icvs
wur
tweedewereldoorlog
kadaster
hbomonitor
cool
kwaliteitskaart
onderwijs
scp
ebb
cbs
5
6
7

6. Data curation
1
100
10000
1 mil.
numberoffiles
image/*
(2238382)
application/*
(594297)
text/*
(342365)
audio/*
(55785)
video/*
(551)
message/*
(13)
Content Type
magnitude:
1000, 100, 10, 1
users
sessions
Number of logged in users and sessions, world−wide, 2011 − 2014

7. Macroscopes as heuristic devices in
research on the evolution of KOS
How is the collection of library situated in time
and (topical) space?
What can we learn from the instantiation of
UDC numbers is catalogue data
about the UDC?
about the use of the UDC?
via the UDC about the collection?

8. Former research
 Comparison of the topical profile of Wikipedia/EN and UDC
 Evolution of the UDC according to the Master Reference Files
 Instantiations in libraries
Sample of OCLC data (records with UDC numbers)
Sample of the library KU Leuven

9. The Portuguese case
PORBASE (the union catalogue of the Portuguese libraries)
http://oai.bn.pt/servlet/OAIHandler
set: porbase
Catálogo BNP (the catalogue of the BNP)
http://oai.bn.pt/servlet/OAIHandler
set: catalogo
BND domínio público (a dataset of the National Digital Library public domain files)
http://oai.bn.pt/servlet/OAIHandler
set: bndlivre
Courtesy of the BNP, thanks to Maria Ines Cordeiro

10. Baseline statistics
Data set # records #records with
a xxxx year
format
#records with
more than
one UDC
class
BNP porbase 1 115 278 520 412 349 029
BNP catalogo 877 677 338 505 369 718
BNP bndlivre 21 526 2 670 12 437

11. BND – The National Digital Library of
Portugal
Arts. Entertainment. Sport
Geography. History

12. PORBASE – The Portuguese Union
Catalog
Social Sciences
Applied Sciences. Medicine, Technology
Linguistics. Literature

13. Comparing profiles - Publication
Dates
Dates in the WorldCat ranged from 1714 to 2009, with the majority
clustered between 1973 and 2009.
Dates in Leuven ranged from 1599 to 2011, with the majority post-
dating 1960.
Dates in PORBASE start end of the the 19th century, with most entries
between 1960 and 2000.
In the BNP we see a wider spectrum of years: 1700, 1775, 1825 and
1900 and with peaks in 1875 and 2000.
Records from the BND span the period between1500 and 2000, with
the largest number of records in the years 1875 and 2000.

14. UDC Main Classes – across sets
In the WorldCat all main classes occurred
1 and 2 (4%); 0 5 7 9 (8-10%); 3 (22%), 6 (18%), 8 (16%)
In Leuven
8, 1, (1-2%); 7, 9, 5 (8-11%); 6 (16%), 2 (18%), 3 (21%)
PORBASE
3 is the largest UDC class, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 have much smaller number of records, few
can be found in 1 or 2
BNP
Most of the UDC numbers are in class 9 and almost as many in class 7, small
groups in classes 3 and 6, very few in 0, 1, 2 and 8
BND
Most records are in 9 and 7, and a small batch can be found in 3.
0 = Science and Knowledge….
1 = Philosophy, Psychology
2 = Religion. Theology
3 = Social sciences
5 = Mathematics, Natural sciences
6 = Applied sciences, Medicine, Technology
7 = Arts, Entertainment, Sports
8 = Linguistics, Literature
9 = Geography, History

15. Network of UDC classes
+ Coordination. Addition / Consecutive extension: Simple relation

16. Conclusions (I) – functions of visual
explorations and knowledge maps
 Curation and management
 Showcasing and raising awareness
 Navigation
 Research

17. Conclusions II – functions of visual
explorations and knowledge maps
 Research
 Structure and evolution of KOS
– large scale and comparative analysis
 New ways for library statistics,
and Library Catalogue Analysis
 Big Data analysis
(incl. visual analytics) to curate ‘messy data’
 Topical analysis,
Science Dynamics and Digital Humanities
Ginda, Börner,
Scharnhorst 2015

18. www.knowescape.org

19. References
• Börner, Katy (2010) Atlas of Science, MIT Press; ~ (2014) Atlas of Knowledge, MIT Press
• Scharnhorst, A. (2015). Walking through a library remotely. Why we need maps for collections and how
KnoweScape can help us to make them. Les Cahiers Du Numérique, 11(1), 103–127.
doi:10.3166/lcn.11.1.103-127
• Smiraglia, R. P., Scharnhorst, A., Akdag Salah, A., & Gao, C. (2013). UDC in Action. In A. Slavic, A. Akdag
Salah, & S. Davies (Eds.), Classification and visualization: interfaces to knowledge (pp. 259–270).
Würzburg: Ergon Verlag. Preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.3783
• Akdag Salah, Almila, Cheng Gao, Krzysztof Suchecki, Andrea Scharnhorst, and Richard P. Smiraglia. 2012.
“The Evolution of Classification Systems: Ontogeny of the UDC.” In Categories, Contexts and Relations in
Knowledge Organization: Proceedings of the Twelfth International ISKO Conference 6-9 August 2012
Mysore, India, ed. A. Neelameghan and K.S. Raghavan, 51–57. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag.
• Ginda, M., Scharnhorst, A., & Borner, K. (2015). Modelling the Structure and Dynamics of Science Using
Books. Digital Libraries; Physics and Society. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03287 (preprint)
• Christine L. Borgman, Andrea Scharnhorst, Henk Van den Berg, Herbert Van de Sompel, and Andrew
Treloar. "Who Uses the Digital Data Archive? An Exploratory Study of DANS" Information Today (2015).